宣青檀
【詞語精講】
1. sheep n. 羊;綿羊
sheep用作名詞,其原義為“羊;綿羊”,比喻義為“膽小鬼”,是可數(shù)名詞,單復(fù)數(shù)同形。如:
There are three sheep eating grass under the tree. 樹下有三只羊在吃草。
A goat is difficult from a sheep. 山羊和綿羊不同。
The sheep always say they are careful. 膽小鬼往往自稱細(xì)心。
【拓展】 black sheep意為“害群之馬;敗類;不肖之子”。如:
He's the black sheep of the family. 他是這個(gè)家族中的敗類。
2. as prep. & adv. 作為;當(dāng)作
as用作介詞時(shí),意為“作為;當(dāng)作;以……身份;像……一樣”。如:
She works as a secretary in that company. 她在該公司擔(dān)任秘書。
The old woman was dressed as a young lady. 這位老婦人打扮得像一位年輕女士。
3. camp v. 扎營(yíng);搭帳篷
(1) camp用作動(dòng)詞時(shí),意為“扎營(yíng);搭帳篷”,它的過去式為camped。其固定搭配為:go camping去露營(yíng)。go 后接動(dòng)名詞形式,表示“去做……”。類似的短語還有:go shopping 去購(gòu)物;go swimming 去游泳;go hiking 去徒步旅行等。如:
The hunters camped in the valley. 獵人們?cè)谏焦戎性鸂I(yíng)。
I went shopping with my mother yesterday. 我昨天和媽媽去購(gòu)物了。
(2) camp用作名詞,意為“露營(yíng)”。如:
We're going to have a sports camp in the countryside during the summer vacation. 暑假期間我們要在鄉(xiāng)下搞一次運(yùn)動(dòng)營(yíng)。
4. stay up late 深夜不睡;熬夜
When I am with you, we stay up late all night. 當(dāng)我和你一起時(shí),我們整夜醒著。
You won't stay up late, will you? 你不會(huì)熬夜,對(duì)嗎?
【拓展】 stay away (from)意為“離開;缺席;不在;外出”;stay at意為“暫住在……,投宿在……”;stay in意為“在家里;不外出”。如:
Why did you stay away from school? 你為什么不上學(xué)?
They usually stay at home on Sunday. 他們星期天通常呆在家里。
5. run away 跑開
run away意為“跑開;逃跑;走掉;逃脫”。如:
She hit the boy and he ran away. 她打了那個(gè)小男孩,那小男孩就跑了。
The horse became frightened and ran away. 那匹馬受驚跑掉了。
【拓展】 run away from意為“逃離……”。如:
He tried to run away from school. 他試圖逃學(xué)。
Mary has run away from home, but her family are putting a good face on it. 瑪麗已經(jīng)離家出走,但她的家里人卻裝作若無其事。
6. shout at & shout to
shout at意為“沖……大聲叫嚷”,多指因?yàn)樯鷼獾榷巧埔獾貙?duì)某人吼叫;shout to意為“對(duì)……大聲喊叫”,多指因距離遠(yuǎn)而不得不大聲叫喊(否則對(duì)方無法聽見),不帶生氣等感情因素。如:
He shouted at his son. 他對(duì)他兒子大吼大叫。( 意在訓(xùn)斥某人)
He shouted to his son. 他朝他兒子大聲喊。 (無訓(xùn)斥某人之意)
7. put up 搭起;舉起
put up指“搭起;建造”時(shí),多指臨時(shí)搭建。如:
Put up your hands if you know the answer. 假如你知道答案,請(qǐng)舉手。
They put up the tent in the hillside. 他們?cè)谏狡律洗罱藥づ瘛?/p>
【拓展】 (1) put up with意為“忍受;容忍”。如:
We don't have to put up with him anymore. 我們不用再忍受他了。
(2) put down意為“放下;記下”。如:
You should put down every word she says. 你應(yīng)該記下她說的每句話。
After two rings I put down the phone. 響鈴兩聲后,我放下了電話。
8. each other 互相
each other=one another,用作相互代詞,意為“互相;彼此”,通常用作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語。如:
Uncle Paul and I hardly know each other. 我和保羅叔叔幾乎互不相識(shí)。
We are very familiar with each other. 我們相互之間很熟。
Both of you do these things for each other. 你們都在為對(duì)方做這些事。
【短語鏈接】
1. badminton 羽毛球 → play badminton 打羽毛球
2. away 離開;遠(yuǎn)離 → run away 跑開
3. high 高的(地) → high school 中學(xué)
4. kite 風(fēng)箏 → fly a kite 放風(fēng)箏
5. surprise 驚奇 → get a surprise 吃驚
【短語串串】
1. make a fire 生火
2. in the countryside 在鄉(xiāng)村
3. go to sleep 入睡
4. the next morning 第二天早上
5. look out of 向……外看
6. work as... 以……身份工作
【難句在線】
1. It was important not to go near a snake. 重要的是不要靠近蛇。
It is + 形容詞 + to do... 是英語中一個(gè)重要的句型。能夠這樣用的形容詞除了important外, 我們學(xué)過的還有easy, difficult, hard等。表示“做某事是容易(困難)的”。如:
It is difficult for me to study English. 對(duì)我來說學(xué)英語很難。
It is easy for me to get up early. 對(duì)我來說早起很容易。