Unit 5詞匯要點(diǎn)講解

張曉飛

1. wood n. 木頭;木材

wood是不可數(shù)名詞，用piece表達(dá)數(shù)量。

He made a house with pieces of wood. 他用幾塊木頭搭成了一間小屋。

【拓展】 wood作可數(shù)名詞時，意為“森林;樹林”。

We went for a walk in the woods. 我們?nèi)ド种猩⒉健?/p>

2. match n. 火柴

Don't let your children play with matches. 不要讓你的孩子玩火柴。

【拓展】 match用作名詞還可以表示“比賽”。

Our team won the football match. 我們隊(duì)贏得了足球比賽。

match用作動詞時，意為“般配”。

This pair of shoes match your dress well. 這雙鞋和你的衣服很相配。

3. beat v. 敲打;拍打;戰(zhàn)勝;打敗

They beat drums to cheer up the players. 他們擊鼓使隊(duì)員們高興起來。

I beat her at swimming yesterday. 我昨天游泳贏了她。

4. against pron. 碰;撞

The rain beat against the windows. 雨打在窗戶上。

【拓展】 against用作介詞，還可以表示“倚著，靠著”或者“反對”。

The worker put the leader against the wall. 工人把梯子靠到墻上。

We were rowing against the current. 我們在逆流劃船。

They are against building a factory here. 他們反對在這里建工廠。

5. asleep adj. 睡著的

He can't hear you; he is asleep. 他聽不見你說話，他睡著了。

asleep常用作表語，構(gòu)成短語fall asleep，意為“入睡”。

The light music made him fall asleep soon. 這輕柔的音樂讓他很快睡著了。

6. rise vi. （rose， risen， rising） 升起，上升

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太陽從東方升起，在西方落下。

The water in the river rose after the heavy rain. 大雨過后河水上漲了。

【辨析】 raise和rise的用法區(qū)別

rise是不及物動詞，意為“上升，上漲;起床;站立”，其過去式是rose。

Prices rise every day in those countries. 那些國家的物價天天上漲。

raise是及物動詞，其基本含義是“使升起來，舉起”，它的過去式是raised。

Heavy rains raised the river. 暴雨使河水水位升高。

Raise your hand to get chance to speak. 舉手爭取發(fā)言的機(jī)會。

7. realize vt. 理解，領(lǐng)會，意識到

He didn't realize his mistake. 他沒有意識到他的錯誤。

【拓展】 realize后常接that從句，意為“意識到……”。

I realize that life has to go on. 我意識到生命需要繼續(xù)。

It's realized that意為“實(shí)踐證明……”。

It's realized that this method is effective to improve the quality. 實(shí)踐證明，這種方案對提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量是行之有效的。

8. completely adv. 完全地;徹底地

I completely agree with you. 我完全同意你的觀點(diǎn)。

This was all completely new to me. 這對我來說是全新的。

【拓展】 complete adj. 完整的 v. 完成

We were in complete agreement. 我們的意見完全一致。

Work on the office building will be complete at the end of the year. 辦公大樓工程將于年底竣工。

9. date n. 日期

—What's the date today？ 今天幾號？

—It's September 24. 今天是九月二十四號。

【拓展】 What day is it today？ 今天是星期幾？

10. truth n. 實(shí)情，事實(shí)

Are you telling me the truth？ 你講的是真話嗎？

【拓展】 to tell the truth表示“說實(shí)話”，放在句中作插入語，用逗號同句子其它成分隔開。

To tell the truth， I don't agree with you. 說真格的，我不同意你的意見。

true為形容詞，意為“真的”。

Is it true that he left here？ 他離開這兒的消息是真的嗎？

11. go off 發(fā)出響聲

Everyone ran out of the building as soon as the fire alarm went off. 火險警報剛響起，大家紛紛從大樓里跑了出來。

【拓展】 go off還可以表示“爆炸;離開;停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”。

A bomb went off just now. 剛才一顆炸彈爆炸了。

Danny decided go off on his own. 丹尼決定自己走。

12. pick up接電話

pick up相當(dāng)于answer the phone。

Why don't you pick up / answer the phone？ 你為什么不接電話？

【拓展】 pick up還可以表示“撿起;開車接送”。

My pen is under your desk. Can you pick it up for me？ 我的鋼筆在你桌子下面。你能幫我撿起來嗎？

Can you pick me up at the station？ 你能在車站接我嗎？

13. die down 逐漸變?nèi)?逐漸消失

The fire in the forest is dying down， and will soon die away. 森林的火勢在逐漸減弱，不久會消失的。

【拓展】 die away意為“消失;完全消失”。

The sound died away. 聲音逐漸消失。

【注意】 die的過去式是died，現(xiàn)在分詞形式是dying。

14. make one's way to 前往……

I'll have to make my way to Beijing. 下午我要動身去北京。

15. take down拆除，拆掉;寫下，記下

Could you please help me take down this tent？ 你能幫我把帳篷拆下來嗎？

I forgot to take down his telephone number. 我忘了記下他的電話號碼。