詞匯短語園地

1. attack? vt.? 襲擊;攻擊;（用語言或文字）猛烈抨擊，

侵襲;進攻

They attacked this village during the night.

他們在夜間襲擊了這個村莊。

My friend was attacked by a young man while walking home alone.

我的朋友獨自回家時遭到了一個年輕人的襲擊。

She has been attacked for ignoring her son.

她因漠視自己的兒子而受到責難。

Scientists find a new disease that will attack mans brain.

科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種會侵襲人類大腦的新疾病。

Spain attacked more in the second half.

西班牙隊在下半場加強了攻勢。

attack? n.? 襲擊;攻擊;辱罵;抨擊;（疾病的）突然

發(fā)作

The planes began their attack on the city.

飛機開始攻擊這個城市。

The city came under attack during the night.

這座城市在夜間遭到了襲擊。

He is recovering from an attack of flu.

他的流行性感冒快好了。

attacker? n.? 進攻者;襲擊者

I didnt really see the attacker.

我沒有看清楚襲擊我的人。

2. frightening? adj.? 嚇人的;引起恐懼的

Its frightening to think that this kind of thing will happen again.

想到這類事情可能再發(fā)生就讓人不寒而栗。

frighten? v.? 使驚嚇;使恐嚇

frightened? adj.? 受驚嚇的;受驚的

比較：frightening和frightened的區(qū)別

frightening表示某物使人產生害怕的情緒，主語是物;frightened表示某人處于害怕的狀態(tài)，主語是人。

The idea of death is frightening to most people.

死的想法對于大多數(shù)人來說都是可怕的。

He was frightened to look down from the top of the tall building.

他害怕從高樓頂部往下看。

3. exist? vi.? 存在

Does life exist in other planet？

其他行星上有生命嗎？

exist on? 靠……生活/生存

It was impossible for them to exist on such a small income.

他們要靠這一點收入生活是不可能的。

existence? n.? 存在;實有

came into existence? 存在

existent? n. & adj.? 存在（或實有）的事物;存在的

existing? adj.? 現(xiàn)存的;現(xiàn)行的

4. calm? adj.? 平靜的;冷靜的

Although she was shocked by this news， her voice was surprisingly calm.

雖然這個消息讓她很震驚，但她的聲音卻出人意料的平靜。

You must try to be calm.

你必須設法冷靜下來。

calm? v.? 使平靜;使鎮(zhèn)靜

They did what they could to calm her.

他們盡量使她平靜下來。

calm down? （使）平靜;鎮(zhèn)靜;安靜

He took a few deep breaths to calm himself down.

他深深吸了幾口氣，讓自己冷靜下來。

calmness? n.? 平靜;冷靜;鎮(zhèn)靜

It would be wise to deal with these problems with calmness.

冷靜地處理這些問題才是明智的。

calm? n.? 平靜的時期;寧靜的狀態(tài)

I like the calm of the summer evening.

我喜歡夏日夜晚的寧靜。

the calm before the storm? 暴風雨前的平靜

calmly? adv.? 平靜地;冷靜地;鎮(zhèn)靜地

She recovered from her surprise， and answered calmly.

她從驚慌中恢復過來，并且鎮(zhèn)靜地給予了回答。

5. cover? vt.? 占地（多大面積）;包括;覆蓋，遮蓋

The city covered ten square miles.

這座城市占地十平方英里。

The discussion covered a wide range of subjects.

這個討論涵蓋了廣泛的內容。

Dust covered all the furniture.

所有的家具都被灰塵給覆蓋了。

cover? n.? 封面;蓋子，套子;遮蓋物，隱蔽處

read from cover to cover? 從頭看到底

take cover? 藏身;躲藏

under cover? 保密;秘密地

6. disappear? vi.? 不見;消失

When spring comes， the snow disappears.

春天來臨時，積雪全都不見了。

Lets hope that our difficulties will soon disappear.

希望我們的苦難很快就會消失。

disappearance? n.? 消失;失蹤;不見

We were puzzled by the sudden disappearance of the guide.

對于導游的突然消失，我們感到很疑惑。

7. fortune? n.? 運氣;命運;財富;巨款

Fortune smiled on me.

我交了好運。

You dont have to spend a fortune to give your family tasty and healthy meals.

讓家里人吃味道好又健康的餐食并不需要花多少錢。

fortunate? adj.? 幸運的

fortunately? adv.? 幸好;幸運地

8. die out? 滅絕;不復存在;熄滅

Tribes and tribal customs died out centuries ago.

部落和部落文化在幾個世紀前就消亡了。

The fire died out.

火熄滅了。

比較：die out，die for，die off，die away和die down的區(qū)別

die out意為“滅絕，不復存在”;die for意為“迫切想要某物或做某事”;die off意為“一個接一個死去，相繼死去”;die away意為“逐漸減弱;逐漸消失”;die down意為“逐漸變弱;逐漸平息”。

The practice of children working in factories has nearly died out.

工廠中使用童工的做法幾乎不復存在。

He is dying for the book.

他很想要這本書。

As she got older and older， her relatives all died off.

隨著她的年紀越來越大，她的親屬都相繼去世了。

The sound of the music died away.

音樂聲漸漸消失了。

When the applause had died down， she began her speech.

掌聲平息后她便開始演講了。

9. due to? 由于;因……造成;歸功于

Her absence was due to heavy traffic.

由于交通堵塞她缺席了。

This situation was in part due to financial difficulties.

這種情況部分是由經濟困難造成的。

due to sb? 應支付/應給予/歸功于某人

due （for） sth? 應有/應得到某物

due to do sth? 預定/預期/預計做某事

10. go for? 挑選，選擇;試圖得到，努力爭取;批評;

喜歡;適用于

When you offer him apples， he always goes for the biggest one.

你給他蘋果時，他總是挑選最大的。

I hear that you are going to go for that job.

我聽說你準備去爭取那份工作。

My mother went for me when she knew that I told a lie.

我媽媽在得知我說謊后狠狠地罵了我一頓。

Do you go for Chinese food？

你喜歡中國食物嗎？

What I said about Peter goes for you， too.

我說的有關彼得的話也適用于你。

go about? 著手;從事

go after? ?追逐;追求

go against? 違背;反對

go along? 繼續(xù);進行

go along with? 贊成;支持

go around? 傳播

go on? 發(fā)生;進行;繼續(xù)

go through? 遭受;經歷;仔細檢查;審查;（法律等）

被通過

There is no such thing as a great talent without great will power. By Balzac

沒有強大的意志力，便沒有雄才大略。 ——巴爾扎克

跟蹤導練（一）

閱讀理解

A

Anjali Mishra is a rising junior at Sunset High School in Portland， Oregon. At 17， she is president and founder of her schools UNICEF （United Nations Childrens Fund） USA club， and a member of UNICEFs national council （委員會）. She also volunteers her time in different communities.

How did Anjali develop such a passion （熱情） for helping others？ When she was a freshman， she had an experience that greatly changed her attitude. She was invited to a cousins wedding in India.

“My mom kind of forced me to go，” Anjali says. “When I saw children on the street， I realized how lucky I was as a child. I was able to get whatever I wanted， and my every need was satisfied.”

Anjali asked herself， “What can I do to help？ UNICEF stood out to me because its always on the front lines helping children in need.”

After starting a UNICEF club at her school， Anjali noticed that the community responded actively. She took things a step further by applying to UNICEFs national council.

“UNICEF really liked my work，” she says. “Out of 3，000 applicants （申請者）， they chose 6 high school students to be on the national council， and I was one of them.”

As a member of the council， Anjali helps organize high school UNICEF clubs around the country and provide resources so that the clubs can manage themselves.

The teen also founded an organization called “Activists United”. Members educate people on the dangers of guns. Anjali encourages other kids to start local clubs and organizations， too. “It takes a lot of effort， but you can get it done if youre passionate，” she says.

1. Why did Anjali go to India？

A. To be a volunteer. B. To see her mother.

C. To spend a holiday. D. To attend a wedding.

2. What has led Anjali to set up the UNICEF USA club？

A. Her mothers suggestion.

B. Her volunteer experience.

C. The situation faced by poor children.

D. The encouragement from her cousin.

3. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refer to？

A. 3，000 applicants.

B. UNICEF officers.

C. The 6 high school students.

D. Founders of UNICEFs national council.

4. What does the organization “Activists United” do？

A. It educates people on gun safety.

B. It raises money for children in need.

C. It helps kids start local organizations.

D. It provides support for UNICEF clubs.

B

One large dinosaur hid in the thick jungle （熱帶雨林）. With small， hungry eyes he watched a larger dinosaur， about 90 feet long！ It was eating grass by a lake.

The one in the jungle stood 20 feet tall on his powerful back legs. His two front legs were short， with sharp claws on the feet. His teeth were like long knives.

There was only one hope for the grass-eating dinosaur. Even though he was three times as large as his enemy， he was not a fighter. He could only try to get away， into deep water， where he could be safe.

The grass-eater tried to move fast. But the enemy was faster. His three-toed footprints show that he came closer and closer.

We cant be sure how the fight ended. We can only tell by the animals footprints that the fight did take place. The mud where the two dinosaurs walked has turned into stone.

Footprints are not all that tell us about dinosaurs. Their bones and teeth have also been found. We even have some of their eggs in museums.

Scientists know how to fit a dinosaurs bones together. Then they can tell how the animal may have looked. From its teeth they know whether it ate meat or grass.

Dinosaurs were of many sizes and shapes. Some were as small as chickens. But all of them had very small brains.

Millions of years ago， the dinosaurs ruled the earth. Since then， there have been no dinosaurs. What happened to them？

We know they did not all die at once. It may have taken a few million years for all of them to die.

In the days of the dinosaurs， the whole earth was warm and wet. There were many green jungles. But the earth changes slowly. When parts of the earth became cold and dry， the jungles were becoming less and less. Then dinosaurs could not find enough to eat. This must be one reason why the dinosaurs died out.

5. According to the text， the grass-eating dinosaurs ___ .

A. had three-toed feet

B. were much stronger than the meat-eaters

C. were three times as large as the meat-eaters

D. had two short front legs with sharp claws on the feet

6. Which of the following is TRUE about dinosaurs？

A. They had very big brains.

B. Grass-eating dinosaurs move faster.

C. Most of them were of the same size.

D. Some of them tore their enemy with long knife-like teeth.

7. People could know the appearance of dinosaurs if ___ .

A. scientists have found their teeth

B. a full-size picture was kept in our mind

C. their footprints were taken from the stone for research

D. their bones were well fitted together with scientific method

8. The dinosaurs all died out probably because of ___ .

A. the reduction of jungles

B. some diseases

C. the global warming

D. the fights among the dinosaurs

跟蹤導練（二）

完形填空

Mary and Peter were having a picnic with some friends near a river when Mary noticed an object overhead. “Look！” she shouted to her friends. “Thats a1up there and its going to2here.”

3by the strange silver-colored spaceship， most of the young people got in their cars and4away quickly. However， Mary and Peter， more5than frightened， watched the spaceship land and saw a door open. When nobody6 ， they went to the spaceship and entered inside. Peter7Mary into the spaceship and didnt hear the door being8behind him. The temperature fell rapidly and the two young people lost consciousness.

When they9up， they were surprised to see that they were back by the10again. The spaceship had gone. Their car was nearby. “What happened？” asked Mary.

Peter scratched （搔） his head saying11 ， “Dont ask me. Perhaps we had a（n）12 . Did you... Did you see a spaceship？” “Yes，” said Mary， “and we both went into it. Then...” She looked at her wrist. “Thats funny， my watch has13 . Oh， well， come on. Its time to go home.”

Having driven about fifty meters， they found their way14by a thick wall made of something like glass. They got out of the15and tried to find their way around the wall but16that they were inside a circular （環(huán)形） wall. It was like a mirror and prevented them from17through it.

On the other side of the wall， strange18walked past slowly. A few stopped to stare through the wall and19a new notice which， translated into English， said， “New20at the zoo： a pair of earthlings in their natural surroundings.”

1. A. plane B. monster C. spaceship D. UFO

2. A. land B. leave C. attack D. reach

3. A. Surprised B. Frightened C. Delighted D. Threatened

4. A. turned B. rode C. walked D. drove

5. A. brave B. anxious C. curious D. disappointed

6. A. broke in B. got back C. came out D. went up

7. A. followed B. took C. carried D. sent

8. A. closed B. knocked C. broken D. opened

9. A. jumped B. stood C. showed D. woke

10. A. river B. home C. tree D. street

11. A. slowly B. angrily C. clearly D. briefly

12. A. accident B. dream C. trouble D. sleep

13. A. changed B. lost C. stopped D. disappeared

14. A. blocked B. surrounded C. covered D. connected

15. A. house B. way C. border D. car

16. A. remembered B. discovered C. understood D. heard

17. A. carrying B. putting C. stepping D. going

18. A. animals B. people C. creatures D. scientists

19. A. read B. wrote C. watched D. recognized

20. A. groups B. arrivals C. explorers D. victims

語法填空

Traditional Chinese culture is beginning to capture the attention of the world. Kung fu，1（especial）， has had a great effect2the millions of people who first learned about China through it. From that， they may come to China and learn about some other3（aspect） of this culture. Other Asian nations have long known about the4（great） of ancient Chinese culture. Their own cultures are5mix of native ones and those Chinese characteristics. South Korea and Japan long ago adopted Confucianism， something that continues today even as it6（challenge） by pop culture. This strength comes from the ideas7（give） in the Four Books of Confucianism， which was built upon the ideas of an even8（much） ancient period codified （編纂） in the Five Classics. From them， the West learns9is uniquely Chinese， for example， feng shui. So far China10（take） steps to further this spread of its culture by establishing Chinese Cultural Centers in such places as the United States and Europe.

1. ? 2. ? 3. ? 4. ? 5.

6. ? 7. ? 8. ? 9. ? 10.

跟蹤導練（三）

閱讀理解

A

Whats On？

Electric Underground

7：30 pm—1：00 am? ? ? ? Free at the Cyclops Theater

Do you know whos playing in your area？ Were bringing you an evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract （合同）？ If so， come early to the talk at 7：30 pm by Jules Skye， a successful record producer. Hes going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music.

Gee Whizz

8：30 pm—10：30 pm? ? ? ? Comedy at Kaleidoscope

Come and see Gee Whizz perform. Hes the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone， from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh！ Our bar is open from 7：00 pm for drinks and snacks.

Simons Workshop

5：00 pm—7：30 pm? ? ? ? Wednesdays at Victoria Stage

This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy， and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.

Charlotte Stone

8：00 pm—11：00 pm? ? ? ? Pizza World

Fine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD， with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian， with excellent meat and fresh fish， pizzas and pasta （意大利面食）. Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day， and serves cocktails， coffee， beer， and white wine.

1. Who can help you if you want to have your music produced？

A. Jules Skye. B. Gee Whizz.

C. Charlotte Stone. D. James Pickering.

2. Where can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh？

A. At the Cyclops Theater. B. At Kaleidoscope.

C. At Victoria Stage. D. At Pizza World.

3. What do we know about Simons Workshop？

A. It requires membership status.

B. It lasts three hours each time.

C. It is run by a comedy club.

D. It is held every Wednesday.

B

The pupils of Grangetown High have been busy getting to know their newest and tallest classmate—a 7-meter-tall giraffe outside their school.

The giraffe is a huge sculpture. The schools headmaster noticed it in an artists garden as he drove past one day， and thought it would be perfect for his school. “I knew everyone would love it，” he said， “because our basketball team is known as the Grangetown Giraffes， and they wear giraffes on their shirts. So I asked them to write to the artist， asking how much it would cost to buy the giraffe. He was very kind and got it ready to deliver （遞送） in six weeks—all for nothing！ It was expected to arrive one Sunday morning， so that the pupils would see it when they got to school on Monday—at that time they had no idea that we were getting it.”

The artist， Tom Bennett was a university professor of chemistry before he retired in 2012 and only took up metalwork a couple of years ago. “Ive always drawn pictures，” he said. “I can even remember doing it on my first day at school—I drew a horse. I wanted it to be the best horse picture ever， but I dont think I succeeded.” Toms first metalwork was a bicycle on which he and his wife could go cycling together. “It was the most uncomfortable bike ever created，” he said. “So I gave up making bicycles and went into sculpture instead.”

Meanwhile the pupils at Grangetown High are very happy with their new classmate. “Were going to hold a competition to give it a proper name，” said one girl. “Everyone likes the expression on its face， so perhaps that will give us some ideas.”

4. What can we learn about the giraffe according to the text？

A. It was as tall as a basketball player.

B. It was given to Grangetown High for free.

C. It was specially made for a basketball team.

D. It was sent to Grangetown High on Monday.

5. How did the pupils probably feel when they got to school on

Monday？

A. Surprised. B. Sad.

C. Confused. D. Confident.

6. Which of the following is TRUE about Tom Bennett？

A. He showed interest in art at an early age.

B. He did well in drawing， especially horses.

C. He visited Grangetown High as a professor.

D. He learned a lot about sculpture at university.

7. What does the text mainly talk about？

A. Tom Bennett is famous as a sculptor.

B. It was a difficult job to sculpt a giraffe.

C. The Grangetown Giraffes is a strong team.

D. A metal giraffe arrived at Grangetown High.

跟蹤導練（四）

閱讀七選五

Attitude is a little thing that makes a big difference. If you can stay positive no matter what life throws at you， youve got the freedom to change your life into anything you want it to be. But how？

Enjoy the moment.

While the present moment may be uncomfortable， it is the only one that is guaranteed. 1 Look beyond the present problem and find the moments that are worth enjoying and then enjoy each one.

Five happy things every day.

Make it a rule to recognize and then celebrate five happy things every day. Be sure to seek these happy things out and then hold them close so you can see their positive power. 2

Embrace （接受） your mistakes.

3 Embrace your mistakes as an opportunity to learn something new about yourself and others. By becoming aware of your mistakes， you are able to move past them.

Hold yourself accountable.

Its up to you to walk your path. When you feel your positive attitude slipping away， hold yourself accountable for getting it back on track. 4 Its going to take a positive attitude to make your dreams come true.

Let it go.

Holding on to old， negative thoughts will prevent positive thoughts from getting through. 5 Its time to let go and begin living the life you are meant to live. Its time to stay positive—no matter what.

A. You would rather be happy.

B. Keep you safe from anxiety.

C. So let your negative beliefs go.

D. Thus， make the most of the present moment.

E. This habit helps you to appreciate whatever you have.

F. No one wants your goals and dreams more than you do.

G. Accept the fact that you are human and that nobody is

perfect.

1. ? 2. ? 3. ? 4. ? 5.

完形填空

Kevin Durant is one of the best players that have won championships in the National Basketball Association （NBA）. He has also won the NBAs Most Valuable Player1 . But it is not just his2on the court that make him3 . It is where he came from and what he had to4that make him so.

Durant grew up in Washington， DC. His father5the family when he was very young so his mom raised him as a single parent. Times were6and they had to move from apartment to apartment. Because Kevin was very tall， he was? ? 7from everyone else of his age. Sometimes， he was bullied （欺凌） by his classmates.

Despite the8 ， there was always a lot of love and9in his family. His mom wrote a（an）10that hung over Kevins bed， “Always believe that anything is11 .” Kevin was very tall at an early age and he liked basketball very much. So when he was about 10 years old， he told his mom that he? ? 12becoming an NBA player and she did everything she could to help him.

He worked very hard at13himself. He failed many times but kept14up. “He practiced basketball 8 hours a day for 6 years15 ！ This was on top of his homework and playing for his school teams！ ” said his coach.

From his mom and family， he learned always to be16 and humble （謙遜的）. Now that Kevin has achieved so much? ? 17on the court， he has focused a lot of his time on18 . His foundation （基金會） helps to19homelessness， build basketball courts in low-income areas and help20children go to college.

1. A. honor B. prize C. award D. victory

2. A. suggestions B. performances

C. plans D. comments

3. A. attractive B. available C. practical D. special

4. A. overcome B. overlook C. involve D. pick

5. A. kept B. developed C. left D. loved

6. A. limited B. important C. convenient D. tough

7. A. free B. different C. far D. safe

8. A. memories B. feelings C. challenges D. times

9. A. support B. appreciation C. praise D. admiration

10. A. email B. note C. notice D. letter

11. A. disappointing B. boring

C. difficult D. possible

12. A. learned of B. argued about

C. dreamed of D. set about

13. A. believing B. improving C. adjusting D. satisfying

14. A. getting B. sitting C. coming D. looking

15. A. perfectly B. particularly C. further D. straight

16. A. proud B. careful C. kind D. cheerful

17. A. desire B. success C. affection D. duty

18. A. giving back B. settling down

C. taking over D. showing off

19. A. fight B. limit C. replace D. understand

20. A. ordinary B. popular C. smart D. poor

跟蹤導練（五）

閱讀理解

In 1906， Jacqueline Cochran was born to a poor family in Pensacola， Florida. Like many girls at the time， she went to work at an early age. When she was just eight years old， Jacqueline started working in a cotton mill （紗廠）. As she worked on the weaving （編織） machines， making cloth， she dreamed about becoming an aviator. She wanted to fly one of the airplanes that had been recently invented.

Jacqueline got her wish in the 1930s， she became a pilot at a time when airplanes were being avoided by most people.

Only a handful of brave young men flew these new planes， and there were very few women aviators. However， that did not stop Jacqueline. She took flying lessons and began to enter famous races. In 1938， she won first prize in a competition to fly across the United States.

At the beginning of World War II， Jacqueline trained women in England as pilots. She later came back to the United States and trained American women， too. In 1945， she received the Distinguished Service Medal， one of Americas highest honors.

When jet planes were invented， Jacqueline learned to fly them， too. Soon， she was the first woman to fly faster than the speed of sound. Jacqueline also set many other records in the field of aviation， including flying higher than anyone had before her.

In many ways， Jacqueline Cochran is forgotten today. But this woman pilot should be remembered. She was a pioneer of new technology. She helped to make air travel one of our most important ways of transportation.

1. What is an aviator？

A. A weaver. B. A traveler.

C. A pilot. D. A trainer.

2. What can we learn about early airplanes？

A. They were dangerous to fly.

B. They could travel faster than sound.

C. They were not allowed to be flown by women.

D. They were very popular among brave young men.

3. What is the correct order about Jacquelines experience？

a. She worked in a cotton mill.

b. She trained women pilots.

c. She received a medal.

d. She won a first prize.

A. a-b-d-c B. a-d-b-c

C. d-a-b-c D. d-a-c-b

4. What would be the best title for the text？

A. The Flying Races for Women

B. The Invention of Jet Planes

C. The First Woman Pilot

D. The Forgotten Flyer

閱讀七選五

Finding a new and fun hobby can make you a happier person. Hobbies can be a great way to relieve stress and bring more joy into your life. 1 When you get older， you should not have fewer hobbies. Otherwise youll develop more stress and gray hairs. You might be looking for a new hobby， but youre not sure what. A new hobby requires you to find new interests， which means experimenting to find those interests.

Try new things. To find a new hobby， it will require trying new things. New hobbies wont usually just find you. Dont put things off. You might think to yourself， “I dont like that.” If youve never done it， or given it a chance， how can you know？

2

Learn new things. Youre never too young or old to learn more in life. If you take the time to learn new things， youll develop new interests. Let your curiosity run wild， and develop more knowledge over the things you dont know or are not familiar with. 3 Reading the same sports newspaper every day doesnt count as a new and fun hobby.

Collect things. 4 Start collecting them. Maybe you have an interest in coins， or specific jewelry. Think about certain interests that pertain to what you can collect. If youre a sports fan， then collect sport cards， or jerseys. Simple hobbies arent always a bad thing. You can collect just about anything.

5 Everyone has a creative side. Some people find different ways of expressing that side to them. It can be writing， drawing， painting， playing a musical instrument， photography， dancing， or singing. These can be fun and relaxing hobbies to have that be a positive way of expressing your emotions.

A. Interact with others.

B. Learning is not such a bad thing.

C. Hobbies are for everyone at any age.

D. Think of the things that you do like.

E. Find and express the creative side in you.

F. Have an open mind and give things a chance.

G. Write down a list of the leisure activities you enjoy.

1. ? 2. ? 3. ? 4. ? 5.

跟蹤導練（六）

選詞填空

用方框里單詞的正確形式填空，使其句意完整。有兩個詞是多余的。

calm likely destroy predict claim creature

hair cover exist frighten fortune disappear

1. The strange ____ spend their lives below the ground.

2. The sound of the river moving downstream was ____ .

3. He sat down ____ ， reading a newspaper.

4. It is known to all of us that the dinosaurs ____ long ago.

5. This forest ____ an area of some 1，140 square kilometers.

6. You never know how shell react—shes so ____ .

7. The old building ____ by a fire during the war.

8. The mountain range shown by this method can look like a ____ worm.

9. It is most ____ that shell arrive before seven. The traffic is heavy now.

10. ____ ， I like writing because it is an important part of my job.

句子翻譯

1. 我們需要做些事情去幫助這種瀕臨滅絕的鳥類。（die out）

2. 在我看來，這個計劃的失敗在于管理不善。（due to）

3. 最近的研究使人們了解了那些他們從未見過的生物。

（throw light on）

4. 冷靜下來吧，沒什么值得焦慮的。（calm down）

5. 你給他糖果時，他總是挑最小的。（go for）

短文改錯

On my first school day this term， my new English teacher enters the classroom. I soon found that she was the beautiful girl with a big smile on her face. First， she introduced her. Then she asked us to introduce ourselves in turn with English. When it was my turn， I felt such shy that I dared not to say a word. She came up to me and told me not to afraid. “Just have a try！” she encouraged. Hear this I slowly calmed down. Finally I managed to speak， but did it quite well. She praised me for my progresses. How happy I was then！

書面表達

假定你是李華。為增強人民體質，你市將舉辦城市馬拉松賽。請你給外教John寫封郵件，邀請他一起報名參加。內容包括：

1.告知賽事的相關信息;

2.說明邀請理由;

3.希望對方參加。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右;

2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫;

3.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。

Dear John，

I am pleased to tell you that a marathon will take place in our city.

Yours，

Li Hua

Why Do Zebras Have Stripes？

為什么斑馬身上有條紋？

對于很多動物來說，偽裝是生存的重要部分。獵豹的花斑和北極熊的白毛都能幫助它們融入各自的生存環(huán)境當中。

斑馬醒目的條紋卻不能幫助它們融入自己所生活的開闊平原當中。但是斑馬醒目的斑紋也可以把自己隱藏起來。1844年，自然學家Francis Galton指出，這些條紋可以幫助斑馬在非洲夜晚那灰暗的微光下偽裝自己。五十年后，一位名叫Abbot Thayer的藝術家提出，這些條紋可能會改變獵食者看到的斑馬形象。

斑馬醒目的斑紋把觀察者的注意力吸引到斑紋本身，而不是動物的輪廓。因此，當獵食動物看斑馬時，它先注意到的是斑紋，然后才是斑馬。這不到一秒的時間給了動作很快的斑馬逃脫的機會。

當一匹斑馬開始逃避正在靠近的獅子時，斑馬群中的其他斑馬看到的閃動條紋對它們來說意味著“跟我來”的信號。跟鹿尾后閃動的白點一樣，這對整群動物來說是危險警報。而另一方面，對正在靠近的獅子來說，在一團令人眼花繚亂的移動斑紋之中經常會找不到最初定位的目標。

斑紋也可以幫助正在找食的小斑馬辨別自己的母親。成年斑馬則可以通過斑紋來識別自己的同類。