體外受精-胚胎移植產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)褥期生活質(zhì)量現(xiàn)狀及影響因素調(diào)查

李茹婷　　林文穎　　柯巧紅　　楊藝娜　　楊虹

[關(guān)鍵詞] 體外受精-胚胎移植產(chǎn)婦;產(chǎn)褥期;生活質(zhì)量;影響因素

[中圖分類號(hào)] R394.2? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] B? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1673-9701（2021）19-0067-04

Investigation on the current quality of life and influencing factors of women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer

LI Ruting? ?LIN Wenying? ?KE Qiaohong? ?YANG Yi′na? ?YANG Hong

Delivery Room， Women′s and Children′s Hospital，School of Medicine，Xiamen University， Xiamen? ?361003， China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the current quality of life of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer women during the puerperium period and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 135 women who went to the Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Hospital outpatient clinic for physical examination at 42 days postpartum from June to December 2019 were selected by convenience sampling method. The self-made general scale and WHO World Health Organization Quality of Life Measurement brief table （WHOQOL-BREF） were used. The total scores of the subjects′ quality of life and the scores of various dimensions were counted， and the factors affecting the quality of life were analyzed. SPSS 20.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis， mainly including descriptive statistical analysis， t-test， and analysis of variance， and multiple stepwise regression. Results The total score of the quality of life in the puerperium of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer women was （57.71±11.09） points， and the scores from high to low were physiological， social， environmental， and psychological aspect. Factors such as different personalities， different delivery methods， premature birth， different husband and wife relationships， and different number of caregivers significantly affect the quality of life of women in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer. Conclusion The quality of life during the puerperium of women in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer requires attention， especially the psychological aspect， which requires early understanding and intervention. According to different situations， effective intervention measures should be implemented in different periods to improve the quality of life of the women during the puerperium.

[Key words] Women in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer; Puerperium; Quality of life; Influencing factors

目前，經(jīng)調(diào)查顯示15%～20%的中國(guó)育齡期婦女患有不孕癥，且患病率不斷增長(zhǎng)，呈年輕化趨勢(shì)[1-2]。隨著輔助生殖技術(shù)的發(fā)展，越來(lái)越多不孕癥患者選擇體外受精-胚胎移植技術(shù)（In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer，IVF-ET）進(jìn)行治療[3]。IVF-ET已成為大多數(shù)不孕夫婦生兒育女的福音，但據(jù)相關(guān)研究顯示，不孕癥患者在治療過(guò)程中耗費(fèi)大量的時(shí)間、精力和資金，承受著巨大的心理負(fù)擔(dān)，甚至影響其家庭、社會(huì)關(guān)系以及正常生活[4]。而產(chǎn)褥期的產(chǎn)婦經(jīng)歷著軀體、心理、社會(huì)各方面的變化，體驗(yàn)著生活角色的轉(zhuǎn)變，打破原本的生活狀態(tài)，降低了生活質(zhì)量[5]。IVF-ET產(chǎn)婦這一特殊群體較一般產(chǎn)婦在產(chǎn)褥期更易出現(xiàn)各種負(fù)性心理，導(dǎo)致其生活質(zhì)量的下降。國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)普通產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)褥期的生活質(zhì)量報(bào)道較多，但鮮少關(guān)于IVF-ET產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)褥期生活質(zhì)量的相關(guān)報(bào)道。本研究旨在調(diào)查IVF-ET產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)褥期的生活質(zhì)量情況及分析影響因素，為醫(yī)療保健機(jī)構(gòu)采取有效的措施、提高產(chǎn)婦生活質(zhì)量提供理論依據(jù)，現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。