某高強(qiáng)鋼輕量化副車(chē)架的動(dòng)剛度優(yōu)化

韋友超　周思　伍馬志

摘 要：由于前副車(chē)架通過(guò)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)后懸置與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)相連，為了避免結(jié)構(gòu)共振和降低轟鳴聲， 提升NVH性能，必須進(jìn)行副車(chē)架的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)分析，其中動(dòng)剛度是極為重要的指標(biāo)。本文以某公司SUV的前副車(chē)架為例， 采用FB780高強(qiáng)鋼減薄并結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化得到第一輪輕量化模型，運(yùn)用有限元軟件Optistruct對(duì)輕量化模型進(jìn)行動(dòng)剛度分析， 并通過(guò)調(diào)整子級(jí)零件板材的厚度分析其對(duì)動(dòng)剛度的敏感性，同時(shí)結(jié)合重量敏感性得出不同板材厚度的最優(yōu)組合。最終得到最優(yōu)的輕量化方案，比原量產(chǎn)副車(chē)架減重3.8KG，減重20%，而動(dòng)剛度性能指標(biāo)并不降低。為乘用車(chē)前副車(chē)架的設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化提供了動(dòng)剛度分析依據(jù)。

關(guān)鍵詞：副車(chē)架 動(dòng)剛度 輕量化 敏感性 Optistruct

Dynamic Stiffness Optimization of a High-strength Steel Lightweight Subframe

Wei Youchao，Zhou Si，Wu Mazhi

Abstract：Since the front subframe is connected to the engine through the engine rear mount， to avoid structural resonance， reduce roar and improve NVH performance， the dynamic response of the subframe must be analyzed， among which dynamic stiffness is an extremely important indicator. This article takes the front sub-frame of a companys SUV as an example， uses FB780 high-strength steel to thin and optimize the structure to obtain the first round of lightweight model， use finite element software Optistruct to analyze the dynamic stiffness of the lightweight model， and adjust the sub-parts. The thickness of the plate analyzes its sensitivity to dynamic stiffness， and combines the weight sensitivity to obtain the optimal combination of different plate thicknesses. In the end， the optimal lightweight plan was obtained， which reduced the weight of 3.8KG and 20% compared with the original mass-produced sub-frame， while the dynamic stiffness performance index did not decrease. It provides a basis for dynamic stiffness analysis for the design and optimization of the passenger car's front subframe.

Key words：subframe， dynamic stiffness， lightweight， sensitivity， Optistruct