劉素庚
1. 【句型回顧】—How often do you watch TV?—Twice a week.? ——你多久看一次電視? ——一個(gè)星期兩次。
【解析】how long, how soon, how far, how often的區(qū)別:
how long意為“多長(zhǎng)”,一般意為“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,多長(zhǎng)的長(zhǎng)度”;how soon意為“還有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”,用于將來(lái)時(shí)中對(duì)將來(lái)的時(shí)間提問(wèn)。
how far表示“多遠(yuǎn)、多長(zhǎng)”,主要用于對(duì)距離的提問(wèn)。抽象意義可表示 “(某事或某物進(jìn)展)到什么范圍或程度”;how often意為“多久”,但這里的多久指的是時(shí)間頻率。其回答多用頻度副詞always, often, never或 twice a week, three times a day等。例:
—How often do you play the piano? —Once a week.
—How long did you stay here?? —For two hours.
【典型例題】1)— __________do you usually exercise?
—I usually exercise every morning.
A. How far? ? B. How long? ? C. How often
2)—__________do you visit your grandmother in the countryside?
—Once a month.
A. How far B. How long C. How soon D. How often
【答案剖析】1)C. every morning為頻度副詞,應(yīng)用how often提問(wèn)。
2)D. once a month為頻度副詞, 表示“一個(gè)月一次”,所以選D.
2. 【句型回顧】The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. 另外10%的人每周至少使用三到四次。
【解析】ten percent 百分之十, percent后不加s。例:85 percent 百分之八十五。
least是little的最高級(jí),它的比較級(jí)是less; at least表示“至少”。
other, others, the other, the others, another的區(qū)別:
other可作形容詞或代詞,作形容詞時(shí),意思是“別的,其他的”;作代詞時(shí),泛指“其他的(人或物)”;others是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式,泛指“另外幾個(gè),其余的”,在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。
the other指“兩個(gè)人或物中的另一個(gè)”,此時(shí)的other作代詞。the other后可加單數(shù)名詞,也可加復(fù)數(shù)名詞,此時(shí)的other作形容詞。the others意思是“其他東西,其余的人”,特指某一范圍內(nèi)的“其他的(人或物)”,是the other的復(fù)數(shù)形式,the others = the other + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞;another既可作形容詞,也可作代詞,泛指同類事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一個(gè)”,只能代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。例:
He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker.
I don’t like this one. Please show me another.
Do you have any other question(s)?
【典型例題】The school offers two courses on computer technology. One is for beginners and __________is for those who already have some basic knowledge.
A. other? ? ? B. another? ? ? C. the other
【答案剖析】C.指兩個(gè)人或物中另一個(gè)時(shí),只能用the other, 所以選C。
3. 【句型回顧】Exercise such as playing sports is fun, and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. 鍛煉,比如做體育運(yùn)動(dòng)是有趣的,你可以花時(shí)間與你的朋友和家人一起玩。
【解析】spend, cost, take, pay都可以表示“花費(fèi)”,但用法卻不盡相同:
spend的主語(yǔ)必須是人,過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞是spent, 常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu):
spend time/money on sth. 在……上花費(fèi)時(shí)間(金錢)
spend time/money (in)doing sth. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間(金錢)做某事
cost的主語(yǔ)是物,過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞是cost, 常見用法如下:
sth. costs (sb.)+金錢, 某物花了(某人)多少錢
take過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞分別是took、taken, 后面常跟雙賓語(yǔ),常見用法如下:
It takes sb. +時(shí)間+to do sth. 某人做某事花了多少時(shí)間
pay的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞是paid, 常見用法如下:
sb. pay (sb.)money for sth. 某人付錢(給某人)買……
sb. pay for sth. 某人付……的錢
pay for sb. 替某人付錢
【典型例題】 1)He __________most of his time __________English.
A. spends, studying? ? B. costs, studied
C. takes, to study D. pays, studies
2)Spending too much __________playing computer games is bad for your __________.
A. time; eye? ? B. time; eyes? ? C. times; eyes
【答案剖析】1)A. spend time (in)doing sth. 表示“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”,所以選A。
2)B. too much后接不可數(shù)名詞time,eyes表示“雙眼”,所以選B。
初中生學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)·提升版2021年10期