江濱
摘 要 目的:探討腹腔鏡與開腹修補術(shù)治療上消化道穿孔的療效,分析兩種術(shù)式的臨床價值。方法:選取60例急診手術(shù)治療的上消化道潰瘍穿孔的患者進行回顧性分析,按術(shù)式的不同分為腹腔鏡組(laparoscopy組,n=31)和開腹修補術(shù)組(laparotomy組,n=29)。結(jié)果:兩組手術(shù)成功率均為100%(P>0.05)。laparoscopy組術(shù)后排氣時間、進食時間、下床活動時間、住院時間均短于laparotomy組,術(shù)中出血量、術(shù)后1~3 d引流量、住院費用均少于laparotomy組,術(shù)后VAS評分、術(shù)后并發(fā)癥總發(fā)生率低于laparotomy組(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:腹腔鏡治療上消化道穿孔具有術(shù)中出血及引流量少、疼痛輕、術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率低、術(shù)后恢復(fù)快等優(yōu)點。
關(guān)鍵詞 腹腔鏡 開腹修補術(shù) 上消化道穿孔
中圖分類號:R656.1 文獻標志碼:B 文章編號:1006-1533(2021)21-0055-04
Comparison of laparoscopy and laparotomy repair in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal perforation
JIANG Bin
(Department 2 of Surgery, the Peoples Hospital of Yugan County, Shangrao 335100, China)
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of laparoscopy and laparotomy repair in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal perforation and analyze their clinical value. Methods: The data from 60 cases of patients with upper gastrointestinal perforation were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into a laparoscopy group (n=31) and a laparotomy group (n=29). Results: Surgery were all performed in the two groups with surgery successful rate 100% (P>0.05). The times for postoperative exhaust, eating food, getting out of bed, and hospital stay were shorter, the volume of intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage at 1-3 days and the hospitalization costs were all less, and the postoperative VAS scores and the total incidence of postoperative complications were lower in the laparoscopy group than the laparotomy group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopy for the treatment of upper gastrointestinal perforation has the advantages of less bleeding and drainage and less pain, low the incidence of postoperative complications and rapid postoperative recovery.
KEy wORDS laparoscopy; laparotomy; upper gastrointestinal perforation
上消化道穿孔是一種常見的外科急腹癥,大多是由于消化道潰瘍得不到很好的控制,尤其是胃潰瘍和十二指腸潰瘍,繼而向深部侵蝕、穿破漿膜,穿孔,患者常表現(xiàn)為腹部壓痛、反跳痛、肌緊張,拒絕醫(yī)務(wù)人員的檢查,這一類的患者需要臨床及時對癥處理,否則可能發(fā)展為中毒性休克,危及生命。目前,腹腔鏡手術(shù)與開腹修補術(shù)是臨床上常用的兩種治療方式,治療消化道穿孔的金標準是修補穿孔、清洗腹腔并引流。隨著醫(yī)療器械技術(shù)的發(fā)展,腹腔鏡手術(shù)克服了開腹手術(shù)的弊處,不僅切口較小,而且視野開闊,能充分地探查腹腔,術(shù)后疼痛減輕,有利于術(shù)后恢復(fù)[1-2]。
1.1 一般資料
選取江西省余干縣人民醫(yī)院2018年1月—2019年6月期間60例急診手術(shù)治療上消化道潰瘍穿孔的患者作為研究對象,按手術(shù)方式不同分為腹腔鏡組(laparoscopy組,n=31)和開腹修補術(shù)組(laparotomy組,n=29)。納入標準:患者入院時有上腹部燒灼感或疼痛等消化道臨床表現(xiàn),查體時可見腹部肌肉緊張,壓腹時有壓痛感、反跳痛,腸鳴音減弱;腹腔B超檢查時可見不同程度的積液或站立位X射線檢查時可見膈下有游離氣體;無開腹手術(shù)或腹腔鏡手術(shù)禁忌證;發(fā)病距手術(shù)時間在12 h內(nèi);患者知情同意。排除標準:有腹部手術(shù)史者;合并大出血、潰瘍癌變或幽門梗阻者。兩組患者的一般資料比較差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P>0.05,表1),具有可比性。