句子:我國駐聯(lián)合國代表反對拍賣圓明園流失文物。
誤譯:Chinas Representative to U.N. is opposed to the auction of the lost relics originated from Yuanmingyuan.
正譯:Chinas Representative to U.N. is opposed to the auction of the looted relics originated from Yuanmingyuan.
解釋:lost relics的意思是“丟失的文物”。而“流失文物”指的是“歷史上被掠奪而目前還未追討回來的文物,英語應(yīng)該譯為looted relics。
“流失”的第一個意思指“自然界的礦石、土壤自己散失或被水、風(fēng)力帶走,或河水等白白地流掉”。英語可以譯為 to run off。例如:
1. 我們正在建造水庫蓄積汛期的河水,以免流失。We are building up a reservoir to store the river water accumulated during the flood season, lest it might run off.
“流失”的第二個意思泛指“有用的或貴重的東西流散失去”。英語動詞可以譯為 to lose。名詞可以譯為 loss。例如:
2. 市政府已采取有效措施制止國有資產(chǎn)流失。The municipal government has adopted effective measures to prevent the loss of state assets.
“流失”的第三個意思是“被掠奪”的委婉語。英語可以譯為 looted。例如:
3. 中國政府通過國際合作成功追回了這些流失文物。Through international cooperation, the Chinese Government succeeded in recovering these looted relics.
“流失”的第四個意思是比喻“人員離開本地或本單位”,即“人才流失”。英語可以譯為 brain drain, outflow of talent。例如:
4. 這個亞洲國家因為經(jīng)濟狀況惡劣而遭受持續(xù)的人才流失。The Asian country suffered from a continual brain drain because of bad economy.
“流失”的第五個意思指“退學(xué)”或“輟學(xué)”。英語可以譯為 to drop out of/ from school。例如:
5. 現(xiàn)在,一些農(nóng)村學(xué)生因貧窮而流失。Nowadays, some students in rural areas have dropped out of school because of poverty. ▲
(本欄目供稿:王逢鑫教授)
流失文物