黃海紅
仿寫是指在一定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中,根據(jù)語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的需要,參照文本所提供的句式、結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行寫作的一種形式。仿寫是我們提高寫作較為有效的一種手段。
英語(yǔ)課本里收錄的課文內(nèi)容生動(dòng)活潑,題材豐富多樣,涉及知識(shí)面廣,為我們廣大師生所喜愛,正是我們進(jìn)行模仿寫作的好素材。
下面就以NSEFC Moduel 6為仿寫素材,談?wù)勅绾尉驼n文文本內(nèi)容進(jìn)行仿寫。
一、仿寫含豐富情感詞匯的句子
作者所要表達(dá)的情感蘊(yùn)藏在字里行間,有時(shí)為了突出強(qiáng)調(diào)其情感,作者在句首運(yùn)用一目了然告知讀者他內(nèi)心感受的詞匯。如:NSEFC Module 6 Unit 5 Reading的文章An Exciting Job,作者運(yùn)用了unfortunately一詞表達(dá)了對(duì)居民財(cái)產(chǎn)損失、家園被毀的痛心、惋惜之情:
Unfortunately, we cannot move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground.
[仿寫1]不幸的是,盡管大多數(shù)人們的收入大幅度增加了,但仍有許多人過(guò)著貧困的生活。
二、仿寫運(yùn)用了修辭手法的句子
運(yùn)用修辭手法,可以使文字鮮活、具體逼真,能大大增強(qiáng)藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)力,擴(kuò)大語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的范圍,而且還可以激發(fā)讀者的想象,給人留下深刻的印象。在NSEFC NSEFC Module 6 Unit 5 Reading中的文章An Exciting Job中,作者為了表達(dá)對(duì)工作的熱愛之情,Sometimes運(yùn)用了下列句式:
Sometimes working outdoors, sometimes in an office, sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourist, I am never bored.
作者在這一句中巧妙地運(yùn)用了排比句式:sometimes doing...sometimes doing...sometimes doing...and sometimes doing...來(lái)表達(dá)自己對(duì)工作的熱愛之情。
此種修辭手法就是把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的結(jié)構(gòu)大體相同或相似,意思相關(guān),語(yǔ)氣一致的短語(yǔ)或句子排列成串,形成一體。
[仿寫2]有時(shí)與朋友一起聊天,有時(shí)在家聽音樂(lè),有時(shí)上網(wǎng)看書,有時(shí)與家人一起旅行,她覺(jué)得生活充滿樂(lè)趣。
三、仿寫運(yùn)用了連接詞的句子
連接詞在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)著理清句子及段落關(guān)系的作用,巧妙運(yùn)用連接詞能讓語(yǔ)篇看起來(lái)思路更清晰、條理更分明。NSFEC Module 6 Unit 4 Reading 中的文章The Earth is Becoming Warming—but does it matter?文中作者為了呈現(xiàn)科學(xué)家們對(duì)全球變暖的不同態(tài)度運(yùn)用了下列句式:
On the one hand, Dr Foster thinks that any trend in which the temperature increase by 5 degrees would lead to a catastrophe...On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.
作者在呈現(xiàn)相反或相矛盾觀點(diǎn)時(shí)運(yùn)用了“on the one hand...on the other hand...”,讓讀者對(duì)科學(xué)們觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度一目了然,印象深刻。
[仿寫3]
人們對(duì)學(xué)生在校攜帶手機(jī)的看法不盡相同。一方面,有些人認(rèn)為學(xué)生在校攜帶手機(jī)方便與家人聯(lián)系;另一方面,有些人認(rèn)為學(xué)生在校攜帶手機(jī)會(huì)防礙學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)。
參考譯文
[仿寫1]Unfortunately, although most peoples income has greatly increased, many people still live poor lives.
[仿寫2]Sometimes chatting with friends,sometimes listening to the music at home, sometimes surfing the Internet to read books and sometimes going on trip with families, she found life much fun.
[仿寫3]Different people have different attitudes towards whether students should take mobile phones at school. On the one hand, some people think it can be convenient for students to contact with their families; on the other hand, some think it can bother students study if they take them with.
(作者單位:梅州市五華縣安流中學(xué))
責(zé)任編校 蔣小青