孫敏++黎娟++周清明++劉卉++王建波++陳佳亮

摘 要：采集湖南濃香型主產(chǎn)煙區(qū)（長(zhǎng)沙、郴州、衡陽(yáng)、邵陽(yáng)、永州）2011年、2012年、2013年C3F等級(jí)樣本共計(jì)86份，通過(guò)主成分分析法，比較了其主要化學(xué)成分的差異。結(jié)果表明，不同煙區(qū)烤煙化學(xué)成分指標(biāo)總氮、煙堿、鉀、氯、氮堿比穩(wěn)定性較強(qiáng)；可溶性總糖、總氮、煙堿、鉀、糖堿比、鉀氯比相似性較大，差異性不顯著。總糖與還原糖、糖堿比、氮堿比、煙堿等的相關(guān)性均達(dá)到極顯著水平，其中煙堿與氮堿比的相關(guān)性也達(dá)到極顯著水平。湖南濃香型煙草第1主成分為糖類指數(shù)，第2、第3主成分為燃燒指數(shù)和含氮化合物指數(shù)。根據(jù)綜合得分聚為3類：第1類糖類指數(shù)相對(duì)較高，變異系數(shù)小；第2類糖類指數(shù)相對(duì)中等，變異系數(shù)弱變異；第3類糖類指數(shù)相對(duì)較低，其變異系數(shù)中鉀氯比達(dá)到強(qiáng)變異。

關(guān)鍵詞：濃香型；化學(xué)成分；主成分分析；聚類分析

中圖分類號(hào)：S572 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A DOI 編碼：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.05.014

Comprehensive Evaluation on Chemical Components of Flue-cured Tobacco of Strong Aroma Style Leaf from Different Type Areas in Hunan

SUN Min， LI Juan， ZHOU Qingming， LIU Hui， WANG Jianbo， CHEN Jialiang

（Hunan Agricultural University， Changsha， Hunan 410128，China）

Abstract： A total of 86 C3F grade flue-cured tobacco leaves samples were collected from major strong aroma style tobacco-growing areas （Changsha， Chenzhou， Hengyang， Shaoyang， Yongzhou） in 2011， 2012 and 2013， its chemical compositions were studied by principal component analysis and cluster analysis methods. The results showed that chemical components of tobacco leaves in tobacco-growing area， such as like total nitrogen， nicotine， potassium， chlorine， nitrogen-nicotine ratio possess a good stability； soluble sugar， total nitrogen， nicotine， potassium， sugar-nicotine ratio， potassium-chlorine ratio showed similar results， with no significant differentiation. The relevance between total sugar and reducing sugar， sugar-nicotine ratio， nitrogen-nicotine ratio， nicotine have reached a significant level， among which nicotine and nitrogen-nicotine ratio reached a significant level too. The first principal component analysis turned out to be carbohydrates index， the second and the third main components indicated the combustion and nitrogen compounds index. The smoke of 25 counties of five cities were divided into three categories， sugar index of Class 1 was relatively high， the coefficient of variation was small； sugar index of Class 2 was relatively moderate， with weak variation coefficient variation； sugar index of Class 3 was relatively low， the coefficient of variation of potassium-chloride ratio was more intense.

Key words： strong aroma style； chemical components； principal component analysis； cluster analysis

湖南濃香型煙葉是中式卷煙發(fā)展的重要組成部分，是卷煙減害降焦的重要原料[1]，具有深度開(kāi)發(fā)的重大意義。湖南濃香型煙葉重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)區(qū)主要包括長(zhǎng)沙市、郴州市、衡陽(yáng)市、邵陽(yáng)市、永州市5個(gè)區(qū)域[2]。煙葉化學(xué)成分是決定煙葉質(zhì)量的內(nèi)在因素，與煙葉的外觀及感官質(zhì)量關(guān)系密切[3-5]。針對(duì)湖南各濃香型煙區(qū)煙葉化學(xué)成分的分析已有較多的報(bào)道[6-9]，但是把近3年的數(shù)據(jù)作為一個(gè)整體，利用化學(xué)成分進(jìn)行主成分分析得到綜合評(píng)分來(lái)聚類的研究尚未見(jiàn)報(bào)道，本研究通過(guò)主成分分析及聚類綜合評(píng)價(jià)的方法[10-11]對(duì)湖南各個(gè)濃香型產(chǎn)煙縣進(jìn)行分類，以期明確不同類型區(qū)濃香型煙葉的化學(xué)成分特征，為卷煙工業(yè)有限公司收購(gòu)煙葉提供依據(jù)。endprint