2016年高考英語(yǔ)四川卷閱讀理解題解析

林潤(rùn)浩

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Basketball Statistician Help Wanted

The Athletic Department is looking for students to help assist staff during the Fall 2016， Winter 2016-17 and Spring 2017 semesters. Students in this position will be keeping live statistics during basketball games. Students must meet all of the following requirements：

※Good computer skills

※Available evenings and weekends

※Knowing basketball rules and statistics

Students interested in working for the Athletic Department should contact the Athletic Coordinator at their respective（各自的） campuses.

※TP/SS Athletic Coordinator， Michael Simone， 240-567-1308

※Rockville Athletic Coordinator， Jorge Zuniga， 240-567-7589

※Springfield Athletic coordinator， Gary Miller， 240-567-2273

※Germantown Athletic Coordinator， Gauri Chavan， 240-567-6915

21. When will the job start？

A. In May 2016 B. In May 2017

C. In September 2016 D. In September 2017

22. Who is more likely to get the job？

A. Sam， English major， member of the college basketball team.

B. Judy， IT staff with night classes， childrens basketball team coach.

C. Ted， computer major， basketball fan， free on evenings and weekends.

D. Molly， part-time programmer， high school basketball player， new mother.

23. Whom should you contact if you want to apply for the job in Rockville？

A. Michael B. Jorge C. Gauri D. Gary

B

If you could have one superpower， what would it be？

Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds， see through walls， or have superhuman strength may sound silly， but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life.

Every day in our work， we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.

They have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess： the power to make a difference in the lives of others.

Were not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor. Your lives are busy enough doing homework， playing sports， making friends， seeking after your dreams. But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself. Find an issue you are interested in and learn more. Volunteer or， if you can， contribute a little money to a cause. Whatever you do， dont be a bystander. Get involved. You may have the opportunity to make your biggest difference when youre older. But why not start now？

Our own experience working together on health， development， and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most rewarding parts of our lives. It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.

24. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to？

A. Your life style. B. Your life value.

C. Your trouble in life. D. Your life experience.

25. Why does the author say they are inspired every day？

A. They possess different kinds of superpowers.

B. They have got the power to change the world.

C. Some people around them are making the world better.

D. There are many powerful people in their life and work.

26. What does the author stress in Paragraph 5？

A. Learning more and contributing more to a cause.

B. Rising above self and acting to help others.

C. Working hard to get a bigger opportunity.

D. Trying your best to help the poor.

27. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？

A. The author believes the lives of the poorest will get better.

B. Much more progress will be made in the near future.

C. The work on health is the most valuable experience.

D. Peoples efforts have been materially rewarded.

C

In the depths of the French Guianese rainforest， there still remain unusual groups of indigenous （土著的） people. Surprisingly， these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs. And yet， people in this area are in fact French citizens because it has been a colony （殖民地） of the French Republic since 1946. In theory， they should live by the French law. However， their remote locations mean that the French law is often ignored or unknown， thus making them into an interesting area of“l(fā)awlessness”in the world.

The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the effects of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin. Gin spent five months in early 2015 exploring the most remote corners of this area， which sits on the edge of the Amazon rainforest， with half its population of only 250，000 living in its capital， Cayenne.

“I have a special love for the French Guianese people. I have worked there on and off for almost ten years，” says Gin. “Ive been able to keep firm friendships with them. Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment. I dont see it as a lawless land. But rather I see it as an area of freedom.”

“I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon the uncivilized life，”continues Gin.“I prefer to work in black and white， which allows me to show different specific worlds more clearly.”

His black-and-white pictures present a world almost lost in time. These pictures show people seemingly pushed into a world that they were unprepared for. These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic， which brings with it not only necessary state welfare， but also alcoholism， betrayal and even suicide.

28. Why does the author feel surprised about the indigenous people in French Guiana？

A. They seldom follow the French law.

B. They often ignore the Guianese law.

C. They are separated from the modern world.

D. They are both Guianese and French citizens.

29. Gin introduced the special world of the indigenous Guianese as _________.

A. a tour guide B. a geographer

C. a film director D. a photographer

30. What is Gins attitude towards the lives of the indigenous Guianese？

A. Cautious. B. Doubtful.

C. Uninterested. D. Appreciative.

31. What does the underlined word“it”in the last paragraph refer to？

A. The modern French lifestyle.

B. The self-supporting hunting.

C. The uncivilized hunting.

D. The French Republic.

D

A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good nights sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off—if it is milked from a cow at night.

Researchers have discovered that“night milk”contains more melatonin（褪黑激素）， which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.

The study， by researchers from Seoul， South Korea， involved mice being fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.

Those given night milk， which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin， were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime， according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.

Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.

While the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now， taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.

Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content， which helps people to relax.

Milk is also sugar-free and additive-free with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening. The more fat you take in before bedtime， the greater burden you will put on your body at night.

32. According to the text， the mice fed with daytime milk_______.

A. started sleep more easily B. were more anxious

C. were less active D. woke up later

33. Which of the following is true of melatonin according to the text？

A. Its been tested on mice for ten times.

B. It can make people more energetic.

C. It exists in milk in great amount.

D. Its used in sleeping drugs.

34. What can be a suitable title for the text？

A. Night Milk and Sleep B. Fat， Sugar and Health

C. An Experiment on Mice D. Milk Drinking and Health

35. How does the author support the theme of the text？

A. By giving examples.

B. By stating arguments.

C. By explaining statistical data.

D. By providing research results.

答案與解析

（A）本文是招聘廣告，屬于應(yīng)用文閱讀篇章。本文的目的是要在該校學(xué)生中招聘一批籃球比賽數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)員。文章分別介紹了該職位的詳細(xì)要求和聯(lián)系方式。

21. C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干問(wèn)的是工作開始的時(shí)間，根據(jù)文本內(nèi)容可找到答案信息點(diǎn)在第一段的第一句，F(xiàn)all意為秋季，眾所周知秋季開學(xué)的時(shí)間應(yīng)該為每年的9月份。故選C項(xiàng)。

22. C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干中的most likely可知題目問(wèn)的是最合適的人選。文章第二部分介紹職位的詳細(xì)要求可知該職位必須滿足所有的要求，根據(jù)第二部分的信息于選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行對(duì)比，不難得出Ted分別滿足電腦知識(shí)，籃球興趣及晚上和周末可工作全部條件，是最合適的人選，而其他人僅滿足部分條件，故選C項(xiàng)。

23. B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干中的Whom should you contact可知答案信息點(diǎn)就在廣告的最后一部分，即聯(lián)系方式里，再由題干里的地點(diǎn)in Rockville，結(jié)合最后一部分的第二點(diǎn)可知Jorge是Rockville這個(gè)地方的聯(lián)系人，故選B。

（B）本文是作者通過(guò)“你擁有超能力后會(huì)做什么？”這樣的一個(gè)問(wèn)題引入，論述了人們應(yīng)該通過(guò)自己的日常行為，樹立正確高尚的人生價(jià)值觀，以此去更好的改變世界，改善生活。

24. B 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章開始提到的Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds， see through walls， or have superhuman strength may sound silly， but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life. 夢(mèng)想著是否你想讀懂心思，看穿墻，或有超能的力量，這些可能聽起來(lái)是愚蠢的，可知but前面談?wù)摰氖侨藗兊膲?mèng)想，也就是觀念，而but說(shuō)明后面的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該跟前面的內(nèi)容形成對(duì)照，but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life. 但是它實(shí)際上是在你的生活中真正重要的核心，這個(gè)“核心”對(duì)照but前面的內(nèi)容，也應(yīng)該是一種觀念。故選B。

25. C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Every day in our work， we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world. 可知作者說(shuō)我們受到鼓舞是由于我們遇到的這些人都在做著一些非凡的事情去改善世界，故選C。

26. B 主旨大意題。根據(jù)題干中“stress”可知本題問(wèn)的是第五段的重點(diǎn)，即主旨大意是什么。從第五段中But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself. 譯為“我們確實(shí)認(rèn)為當(dāng)你把你的一些時(shí)間和精力奉獻(xiàn)給別人時(shí)，你就能過(guò)上一個(gè)更加強(qiáng)大的生活。”可知But是作者提出觀點(diǎn)的關(guān)鍵詞，此句應(yīng)為全段的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，故答案選B。而Find an issue you are interested in and learn more. Volunteer or， if you can， contribute a little money to a cause ... 等信息則為支持此觀點(diǎn)的論據(jù)，而非重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。

27. A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.譯為“它已經(jīng)改變了我們的身份地位，在以后的歲月里最窮苦的那些人的生活將會(huì)得到改善?！惫蔬xA。

（C）本文通過(guò)一個(gè)攝影師，向人們展示了法國(guó)的Guianese人不為人知的生活，和現(xiàn)代法國(guó)的生活風(fēng)格給他們帶來(lái)的影響。

28. A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句Surprisingly， these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs. 譯為“令人吃驚的是，這些人主要靠自己的法律和他們的社會(huì)風(fēng)俗生活?！笨芍狝項(xiàng)符合題意。

29. D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段 “I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon the uncivilized life，”可知Gin想通過(guò)一項(xiàng)影視記錄來(lái)展示這里的原始生活，由此推斷他的身份應(yīng)該是一名攝影師，故選D。

30. D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句“I have a special love for the French Guianese people. I have worked there on and off for almost ten years，”我對(duì)法國(guó)Guianese人有一個(gè)特殊的愛。我在那里工作了將近十年了。所以他對(duì)法國(guó)Guianese人是心存感激的，故選D。

31. A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句 ... with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic， which brings with it not only necessary state welfare， but also alcoholism， betrayal and even suicide.，Guianese（這些當(dāng)?shù)鼐用瘳F(xiàn)在不得不要平衡他們的傳統(tǒng)的生活方式與現(xiàn)代法蘭西共和國(guó)提供的生活方式，因?yàn)檫@樣伴隨著現(xiàn)代法蘭西生活，既會(huì)帶來(lái)必要的國(guó)家福利，也會(huì)帶來(lái)酗酒、背叛和自殺等不良風(fēng)氣）可知。it替代the modern French lifestyle， 故選A。

（D）本文是一篇科普類說(shuō)明文，通過(guò)提供科研結(jié)果，說(shuō)明產(chǎn)于夜間的牛奶包含更多的褪黑激素，能幫助人們感到困倦和減少焦慮。

32. B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Those given night milk， which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin， were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime可知喂了產(chǎn)于白天牛奶的老鼠應(yīng)該更焦慮，故B項(xiàng)符合題意。

33. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段melatonin 的特征描述句which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety. 以及第六段taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.可知符合melatonin特性正確的只有D選項(xiàng)，A， C項(xiàng)無(wú)提及，B項(xiàng)與文意相反，應(yīng)排除。

34. A主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段說(shuō)明文主旨句Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin（褪黑激素）， which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety. 研究者已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)晚上牛奶包含更多的褪黑激素，這已經(jīng)被證明能幫助人們感到困倦和減少焦慮。而說(shuō)明文的題目必須體現(xiàn)全文的主旨句，可知A項(xiàng)符合題意。

35. D主旨大意題。此題為篇章結(jié)構(gòu)理解題，屬于主旨大意題類，根據(jù)第三段開頭的The study，以及第七段開頭的Previous studies，不難得知全文說(shuō)明主旨大意作者所采用的方式是展示研究結(jié)果。故答案應(yīng)選 D。

責(zé)任編輯 蔣小青