孫婧
形容詞的定義:表示人或物的屬性,狀態(tài)和特征的詞稱為形容詞。通常形容詞用來形容名詞或代詞,在句中作定語或表語是形容詞最主要的特征。在英語中,形容詞有比較級和最高級之分。
一、形容詞的用法
(1)作定語。一般放在所修飾詞的前面。但形容詞修飾something,anything,nothing,everything等復(fù)合不定代詞時,形容詞要后置。
例:There is something wrong with my computer.
(2)作表語。放在be動詞或系動詞的后面。常見的系動詞有:keep, turn, get, become, feel, sound, look, smell, taste, seem。例His advice is valuable.
(3)做賓語補足語。動詞+賓語+形容詞,常見的詞有:keep, make, find, feel, think。
例:You should keep our classroom clean and tidy.
(4)the + 形容詞。表示一類人,做主語時為復(fù)數(shù)。這些形容詞包括: rich/ poor, old/young, deaf/ blind。例:The rich always look down upon the poor.
(5)多個形容詞修飾名詞時,其順序為:
限定詞(冠詞、指示代詞、形容詞性物主代詞、數(shù)詞)——描繪詞(大小,長短,形狀,新舊,長幼,顏色)——出處——材料性質(zhì)——類別——名詞
例: Audrey spent the last few years working closely with UNICEF.
(6)只能作表語的形容詞:afraid;alone;asleep;awake;alive...
例:The old man is still alive.
(7)只能作定語的形容詞:little小的, only唯一的,elder年長的。而由連字符連接起來的復(fù)合形容詞也只能作定語。
例:①an eight-year-old boy ;②My elder brother is studying abroad.
(8)形容詞副詞同形的詞:hard, high, early, late, fast, pretty
例:①The kite flies high.(形容詞);②The kite is high(副詞)
二、形容詞的比較級,最高級
(1)形容詞的原級比較 as+原級+as…和…一樣… 其否定形式為not as(so)… as… 例:Tom is as old as Kate.
(2)倍數(shù)的表示:數(shù)字 + times + as… as例:His box is three times as big as mine.
(3)表示兩者間的比較,形容詞比較級+ than 例:My elder brother is taller than me.
(4)比較級的幾個特殊用法:
①越來越… 比較級+ and + 比較級 或 more and more + 多音節(jié)形容詞
例:a.He is becoming stronger and stronger. b.She is more and more beautiful.
②越…越… the + 比較級… , the + 比較級…
例:a.The harder you study, the better your English will be.
b.The more you read, you more you will get.
③ 兩者之間的比較。the + 比較級 + of …例He is the taller of the two.
④邏輯問題的比較。
a.比較級 + than any other + 名詞單數(shù)(包含在范圍內(nèi)) 例如:The boy is taller than any other student in the class.(此處男孩包含在班級內(nèi))= The boy is taller than the other students in the class.
b.比較級 + any + 名詞單數(shù) (不包含在范圍內(nèi)) 例如:Shanghai is lager than any city in Japan.(此處指上海不包含在日本內(nèi))
⑤可用于修飾比較級的詞: much,many, a lot , even, still, far, any,…
例:Yaoming is much taller than us.