陳慈明
下面請(qǐng)同學(xué)們看一篇高考作文題:
假定你是李華,在校報(bào)英語專欄看到了學(xué)“英語文化節(jié)”的一則招募啟事。請(qǐng)閱讀啟事,并根據(jù)寫作要點(diǎn)和寫作要求寫一封應(yīng)征郵件。
Our annual volunteers English Festival, which will be held on June 15-17, 2015, is now looking for 20 student volunteers to provide service for Talent Show, Speech Contest, and English Debate. If you are interested, please send an application email at your earliest convenience to Ms. Chen at chenlaoshi@aef.com.
寫作要點(diǎn):1. 表達(dá)寫信意圖;
2. 陳述應(yīng)征目的;
3. 說明應(yīng)征條件(性格、能力等)。
寫作要求:1. 郵件詞數(shù)不少于100;
2. 開頭和結(jié)尾部分已寫好,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù);
3. 可根據(jù)情況增加細(xì)節(jié),使行文連貫;
4. 不能使用真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱。
Dear Ms. Chen,
Im Li Hua, a student from Class 2, Grade 3.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
要寫好該篇作文,我們應(yīng)分以下三步來完成:
步驟一 理清思路
首先從整體來看,我們可以看出題中包含以下信息:
1. 體裁:書信;
2. 話題:申請(qǐng)成為志愿者;
3. 時(shí)態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);
4. 人稱:第一人稱。
其次,了解寫作細(xì)節(jié)。本篇包含三個(gè)寫作要點(diǎn):
1. 表達(dá)寫信意圖(應(yīng)征做志愿者);
2. 陳述應(yīng)征原因;
3. 說明應(yīng)征條件(介紹自己的性格、能力等)。首先要讀懂志愿者招聘的相關(guān)內(nèi)容,如時(shí)間、服務(wù)項(xiàng)目(如才藝秀、演講賽或英語辯論等)所需要的才能,這樣才能針對(duì)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行陳述。
第2、3個(gè)要點(diǎn)屬于開放性內(nèi)容,但擴(kuò)展部分一定要符合招聘要求,如要點(diǎn)2而可以包含提高自己的組織能力、交際能力和自信心等;要點(diǎn)3可以包括自己能和同學(xué)友好相處、精通英語、幫助老師成功組織過一些英語活動(dòng)等。這樣可以使要點(diǎn)內(nèi)容更加詳實(shí)。我們不妨從三個(gè)方面做相應(yīng)拓展:
1. 個(gè)性特點(diǎn):活潑開朗;樂于助人等;
2. 應(yīng)征目的:提高能力,培養(yǎng)信心;
3. 個(gè)人經(jīng)歷:曾參加全國英語大賽并獲一等獎(jiǎng)等。
步驟二 遣詞造句
1. 詞匯應(yīng)豐富貼切
(1)在提出申請(qǐng)或應(yīng)聘時(shí),應(yīng)適時(shí)展現(xiàn)的良好性格和品行不不可或缺,我們不妨考慮在平時(shí)積累一些這樣的形容詞,這樣在構(gòu)思作文時(shí)便可以根據(jù)申請(qǐng)信的類型快速準(zhǔn)備恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語。諸如:
optimistic樂觀的,creative有創(chuàng)造力的,outgoing外向,ambitious有上進(jìn)心的,motivated積極的,talented有天分的,warm-hearted熱心的,modest謙虛的,responsible有責(zé)任心的,capable有能力的,reliable靠得住的,caring關(guān)心人的,confident自信的,efficient做事有效率的,energetic精力充沛的,thoughtful考慮周到的,qualified合格的。
(2)書寫申請(qǐng)信時(shí),適當(dāng)使用幾個(gè)副詞,可以起到加強(qiáng)語氣,使閱卷老師眼前一亮的神奇作用,這里推薦兩種寫作中常用的副詞。
程度副詞:completely/entirely/absolutely,highly,deeply,exactly,greatly,extremely ...。
句子副詞:actually,frankly,more importantly,obviously/evidently,undoubtedly,personally ...。
2. 句式應(yīng)地道、多樣
本道作文題中,我們可以從個(gè)性特點(diǎn)、應(yīng)征目的、個(gè)人經(jīng)歷等三個(gè)方面來構(gòu)造句子,同學(xué)們看看能否使用不同句式來完成以下幾個(gè)句子:
我叫李華,今年十八歲,是一名活潑開朗,樂于助人的高三學(xué)生。
Im Li Hua,aged 18. Outgoing and helpful, I am a senior student in Grade Three.
我申請(qǐng)?jiān)摴ぷ鞯哪康氖翘岣咦约簩W(xué)習(xí)英語的能力,培養(yǎng)自己學(xué)好英語的信心。
Keen to build up my confidence in learning English fairly well and improve my capacity of using English, I sincerely apply for this post.
我曾經(jīng)獲得過多項(xiàng)英語方面的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng),包括全國英語大賽一等獎(jiǎng)。
I have won a considerable number of awards in English, including the first prize in the National Oral English Contest.
我相信自己一定能夠勝任該項(xiàng)工作并作出自己的貢獻(xiàn)。
I firmly believe that I will be adequate to the position and make great contributions, making the school magazine more popular with the students.
此外,不同類型的寫作文體很多時(shí)候有其常用的句式表達(dá),如果能夠熟練掌握,在考試時(shí)便可以快速搭建文章結(jié)構(gòu),使寫出的文章既簡潔,又地道。而我們?cè)谕瓿缮暾?qǐng)信之類的作文時(shí),常常會(huì)涉及到諸如對(duì)申請(qǐng)?jiān)虻恼f明,對(duì)個(gè)人優(yōu)勢的介紹以及結(jié)尾處表達(dá)感謝和請(qǐng)求等。這些內(nèi)容都是有套路的。
步驟三 連句成篇寫出好文章
在完成對(duì)詞語和句式的準(zhǔn)備之后,就應(yīng)該考慮如何寫出一篇完整的文章了。讓我們來看一下這篇習(xí)作:
Dear Ms. Chen,
Im Li Hua, a student from Class 2, Grade 3. Im writing to you to inquire if there would be any position available for me to work as a volunteer to provide service for your considerable program. Targeted at improving my confidence and gradually adapting to the enormous society, I sincerely hope I can be given this precious opportunity.
As for me, outgoing and helpful, Im excellent in English and especially my spoken English is fairly good. Once I won first prize in the National oral English contest, therefore, its out of question to express myself in English freely. Furthermore, I have fruitfully published several articles in English newspapers, which lays a solid foundation for the position Im dreaming of.
If given the opportunity, Ill be surely devoted to the job, making the school magazine more popular with the students. I greatly appreciate any of your favorable consideration of my application.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
該篇習(xí)作中,除注意到使用在文章中使用到應(yīng)征信常用的句式如Im writing to you to inquire if there would be any position available for me ...,I greatly appreciate any of your favorable consideration of my application.外,在語言表達(dá)上也可圈可點(diǎn)。如在詞語上,使用了諸如considerable,precious,outgoing,helpful等形容詞,還使用了fairly,freely,fruitfully,surely,greatly等副詞起到加強(qiáng)語氣,表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈期望的作用。而在短語和句式表達(dá)上,使用了諸如Targeted at improving my confidence ...,making the school magazine more ...等非謂語動(dòng)詞做狀語,it句式,省略用法等,形式多樣而又錯(cuò)落有致,值得借鑒。
再來讓我們看看2012年全國卷的作文題:
假定你是李華,從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上得知一個(gè)國際中學(xué)生組織將在新加坡(Singapore)舉辦夏令營,歡迎各國學(xué)生參加。請(qǐng)些一封電子郵件申請(qǐng)參加。
內(nèi)容主要包括:
1. 自我介紹(包括英語能力);
2. 參加意圖(介紹中國、了解其他國家);
3. 希望獲準(zhǔn)。
注意:
1. 詞數(shù)100左右;
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;
3. 郵件開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好。
Dear Sir or Madam,
Regards,
Li Hua
請(qǐng)同學(xué)們看一篇例文:
Dear Dear Ms. Chen,
Im Li Hua, a student from Class 2, Grade 3. Im writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer.
I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because, by offering my service, I will be able to improve my organizational ability, communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking English in public.
As an outgoing girl, I get along well with my classmates. Besides, I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher. Successfully, I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class, which have been appreciated by both teacher and my classmates.
I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations. I will be grateful if you could give me a kind consideration.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
仔細(xì)觀察,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn),盡管兩道作文題題目形式和內(nèi)容略有差異,但同作為申請(qǐng)信,在作文的寫作思路上有著共同的特點(diǎn)。例如在范文中,使用了如Im writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer. I will be grateful if you could give me a kind consideration.等常用句式,在對(duì)個(gè)人能力介紹上,使用諸如outgoing,confidence,get along well with,have such a good command of等一些通用的詞匯和短語等。
最后,在寫作應(yīng)征書信時(shí),同學(xué)們應(yīng)注意:
1. 語氣要誠摯友好,千萬不要表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)求的意思,諸如must,should等語氣強(qiáng)硬的詞盡量不要出現(xiàn);
2. 對(duì)于申請(qǐng)的內(nèi)容和原因應(yīng)盡量寫清楚;
3. 期望得到回應(yīng)的心情一定要表達(dá)出來,諸如I will be grateful if you could ...一類的句式用在申請(qǐng)信上是再合適不過的。