黨東平++何西亞
閱讀能力是最重要的語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐能力之一,高中階段是學(xué)生閱讀理解力形成和發(fā)展的重要階段,閱讀理解也是考試中的一個(gè)重要考查內(nèi)容,且在高考中占了較大比重,足以說(shuō)明閱讀的重要性,所以人們常說(shuō)“得閱讀者得高考”。閱讀理解能力的提高,需在掌握一定的詞匯的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合解題技巧和策略,在平時(shí)訓(xùn)練中不斷鞏固強(qiáng)化,形成自己的解題思路,并在閱讀中擴(kuò)大詞匯量,日積月累,便會(huì)取得事半功倍的效果。該類題目是高考中的難點(diǎn)之一,也是區(qū)分度較大的題目。
技法點(diǎn)撥·突破高考
解題策略
1.文章標(biāo)題類
利用主題段來(lái)概括標(biāo)題。標(biāo)題段一般在文章的第一段或最后一段,一般來(lái)說(shuō)第一段經(jīng)常提出文章的主題或最后一段總結(jié)文章的主題。
[2015·課標(biāo)卷Ⅱ,B]... You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.
28.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Is Your House Making You Fat?
B.Ways of Serving Dinner
C.Effects of Self-Consciousness
D.Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?
本題考查文章主旨大意。通過(guò)第一段最后一句說(shuō)明下文要介紹幾種通過(guò)改變屋內(nèi)環(huán)境與設(shè)施進(jìn)行飲食調(diào)節(jié)的方法,據(jù)此可迅速鎖定正確答案。
2.概括文章大意類
辨認(rèn)主題句。主題句具有簡(jiǎn)潔性、概括性的特點(diǎn),文章的主題通常是每段主題句的綜合,對(duì)相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行分析、推斷和歸納,從而概括出主旨大意。
[2015·天津卷,B]Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way ...
45.What does the passage mainly present?
A.A new design idea of household robots.
B.Marketing strategies for social robots.
C.Information on household robots.
D.An introduction to social robots.
本題考查文章主旨大意。文章主要介紹了社交類機(jī)器人。第一段為主題段,social robots為文章中心詞。不難選出A。
[2015·四川卷,C]...The emotional, physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never?ending, but children are also sources of great joy and happiness. Investing in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well spent.
40.What is stressed in the last paragraph?
A.Mothers importance shows in family all year long.
B.The sacrifices mothers make are huge but worthwhile.
C.Mothers devotion to children can hardly be calculated.
D.Investing time in parenting would bring a financial return.
本題考查段落大意。由選段中的“never-ending, sources of great joy and happiness,money well spent”可知,母親所做的犧牲很大但非常值得。
干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)
以偏概全。選項(xiàng)信息只是某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)或具體事實(shí),只表述主題中的一個(gè)側(cè)面信息;偷梁換柱,張冠李戴;過(guò)度引申。選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容相關(guān),太泛,過(guò)于籠統(tǒng);無(wú)中生有。
在做此類題的時(shí)候要注意干擾項(xiàng),也要注意正確選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn),標(biāo)題通常簡(jiǎn)潔、突出、新穎。標(biāo)題是文章的點(diǎn)睛之筆,所以它還要具有醒目的特點(diǎn),能吸引讀者。
參考文獻(xiàn):
[1]詹先君.2008年高考英語(yǔ)寫作命題理路的瑜與瑕[J].教學(xué)與管理,2009(4).
[2]唐新秋.高考英語(yǔ)寫作失誤分析及其對(duì)策[J].當(dāng)代教育論壇(學(xué)科教育研究),2007(1).
編輯 郭小琴