鐘悅升，榮宏偉，張朝升

(廣州大學(xué)土木工程學(xué)院，廣州 510006)

污泥回流比對(duì)雙污泥BCR反硝化除磷效果的影響

鐘悅升， 榮宏偉*， 張朝升

(廣州大學(xué)土木工程學(xué)院，廣州 510006)

雙污泥工藝； 反硝化除磷菌； 脫氮除磷； 污泥回流比

1 試驗(yàn)材料與方法

1.1 試驗(yàn)裝置

試驗(yàn)裝置主要包括了厭氧釋磷池、生物膜好氧硝化池、缺氧反硝化池以及后曝氣池，其體積分別為5.4、4.7、6.3 L，同時(shí)還設(shè)有中沉池(與生物膜好氧硝化池合建)和終沉池(與后曝氣池合建)，其體積分別為91.6、78.5 L (圖1). 厭氧釋磷池、缺氧反硝化池以及后曝氣池都分別設(shè)置了機(jī)械攪拌器，從而保證泥水能夠混合均勻. 生物膜好氧硝化池的掛膜采用的是組合填料膜片，同時(shí)采用粘砂塊微孔曝氣頭來進(jìn)行曝氣，使得好氧硝化生物膜附著在上面來進(jìn)行硝化作用. 工藝進(jìn)水流量及曝氣量由轉(zhuǎn)子流量計(jì)調(diào)節(jié)，超越污泥流量和回流污泥流量則分別用2臺(tái)隔膜計(jì)量泵控制.

1.2 試驗(yàn)用水

1:進(jìn)水;2:厭氧釋磷反應(yīng)池;3:生物膜好氧硝化池;4:中沉池;5:釋磷污泥;6:硝化液;7:缺氧反硝化池;8:后曝氣池;9:終沉池;10:回流污泥;11:出水;12:剩余污泥;13:曝氣頭;14:提升攪拌器;15:污泥循環(huán)泵;16:空氣壓縮機(jī)

圖1 雙污泥BCR反硝化除磷試驗(yàn)裝置

1.3 試驗(yàn)污泥

本次實(shí)驗(yàn)的接種污泥為廣州市某污水處理廠二沉池的污泥，并在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中利用SBBR反應(yīng)器培養(yǎng)馴化好氧硝化生物膜，以及通過SBR反應(yīng)器對(duì)污泥進(jìn)行反硝化除磷馴化，使活性污泥具有穩(wěn)定而高效的脫氮除磷效果.

1.4 檢測(cè)項(xiàng)目及方法

1.5 工藝運(yùn)行條件

水力停留時(shí)間約為8 h，流量約為2.05 L/h. 生物膜硝化池溶解氧約為4.0 mg/L，后曝氣池溶解氧約為2.0 mg/L. 當(dāng)分別把回流污泥和超越污泥的回流比控制在R為0.6、0.4、0.2時(shí)，厭氧釋磷池、缺氧反硝化池和后曝氣池內(nèi)污泥質(zhì)量濃度基本相等，分別約為4 000～5 000、2 500～3 500、1 000～2 000 mg/L.

2 結(jié)果與討論

2.1 污泥回流比對(duì)BCR工藝CODCr去除效果的影響

CODCr的去除率隨污泥回流比降低而下降(圖2). 當(dāng)污泥回流比R分別控制為0.6、0.4和0.2時(shí)，BCR系統(tǒng)的CODCr去除率均值分別為89.98%、89.48%和82.38%，相對(duì)應(yīng)的出水的CODCr質(zhì)量濃度均值分別為21.50、23.11、37.67 mg/L. 在污泥回流比為0.2時(shí)，由于厭氧釋磷池和缺氧反硝化池中的污泥質(zhì)量濃度偏低，降低了污泥對(duì)碳源的利用效率，使工藝的CODCr的去除效果有所下降. 由于厭氧釋磷池與好氧生物膜硝化池的合建，厭氧釋磷池出水的CODCr被好氧生物膜硝化池稀釋并去除，改善了雙污泥工藝中由于CODCr進(jìn)入缺氧區(qū)而帶來的不利影響.

圖2 不同回流比下BCR系統(tǒng)對(duì)ρ(COD)Cr的去除效果

Figure 2 COD removal by BCR system under different recycle ratios

圖3 不同回流比下BCR系統(tǒng)對(duì)的去除效果

Figure 3 Ammonia nitrogen removal by BCR system under different recycle ratios

圖4 BCR系統(tǒng)在不同回流比下對(duì)的去除效果

Figure 4 Nitrate nitrogen removal BCR system under different recycle ratios

圖5 BCR系統(tǒng)在不同回流比下對(duì)ρ(TN)的去除效果

Figure 5 TN removal by BCR system under different recycle ratios

2.3 污泥回流比對(duì)總磷去除的影響

圖6 BCR系統(tǒng)在不同回流比下對(duì)ρ(TP)的去除效果

Figure 6 TP removal by BCR system under different recycle ratios

3 結(jié)論

(1)把污泥回流分別控制為0.6、0.4時(shí)，BCR工藝出水中的CODCr、氮和磷都達(dá)到國家《城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GBl8918-2002)一級(jí)A排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn). 在污泥回流比為0.2的條件下，處理效果明顯下降.

(2)只要厭氧釋磷區(qū)和缺氧吸磷區(qū)污泥質(zhì)量濃度不低于2 000 mg/L，則污泥回流比對(duì)去除CODCr、氮和磷的影響都不大. 當(dāng)超越污泥回流比和回流污泥回流比都為0.4時(shí)，雙污泥BCR反硝化除磷工藝的處理效果最好，對(duì)CODCr、磷和總氮處理效果都最好.

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【中文責(zé)編：成文 編輯助理：冷佳奕 英文審校：李海航】

Influence of Sludge Recycle Ratio on Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorous in Two-Sludge BCR Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal Process

ZHONG Yuesheng, RONG Hongwei*, ZHANG Chaosheng

(School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China)

The influence of different sludge ratios from middle sedimentation tank to anoxic reactor (exceeding sludge ratio) and from final sedimentation tank to anaerobic reactor (recycled sludge ratio) on denitrifying phosphorus removal in two-sludge BCR denitrifying phosphorus removal process was investigated using simulated domestic wastewater. Results showed that when the ratios of two kinds of sludge are 0.6, 0.4 and 0.2, the resulting average CODCrremoval rates are 89.98%, 89.48% and 82.38%, total nitrogen removal rates are 79.94%, 80.58% and 65.47%, and phosphorus removal rates are 88.81%, 91.64% and 77.06%, respectively. The effluent COD concentrations are 20.94, 21.67 and 37.66 mg/L, total nitrogen concentrations are 5.72, 5.75 and 10.85 mg/L, and phosphorus concentrations are 0.76, 0.59 and 1.62 mg/L, respectively. Compared to two-sludge A2N process, the problem of high ammonia nitrogen has been improved. When the ratios of two kinds of sludge are 0.4, two-sludge BCR denitrifying phosphorus removal process has the best pollutant removal efficiency. Since the aeration tank and sedimentation tank are integrated, denitrifying dephosphatation with nitrate as electron acceptor occurred under anoxic condition due to contribution of denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria.

two-sludge denitrifying phosphorus removal process; denitrifying phosphorus removing bacteria; phosphorus and nitrogen removal; sludge recycle ratio

2016-02-04 《華南師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版)》網(wǎng)址：http://journal.scnu.edu.cn/n

國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51278133，21477027)；廣東省科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2014a020216049)；廣州市教育系統(tǒng)創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目(13C01)

X703.1

A

1000-5463(2017)04-0057-05

*通訊作者:榮宏偉，教授，Email:rhwcn@139.com.