溫 倩 呂 林 張麗陽(yáng) 廖秀冬 羅緒剛
(中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院北京畜牧獸醫(yī)研究所,礦物元素營(yíng)養(yǎng)研究室,北京100193)
飼糧添加不同水平維生素D3對(duì)肉仔雞生長(zhǎng)性能和骨磷代謝利用的影響
溫 倩 呂 林 張麗陽(yáng) 廖秀冬*羅緒剛*
(中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院北京畜牧獸醫(yī)研究所,礦物元素營(yíng)養(yǎng)研究室,北京100193)
本試驗(yàn)旨在研究飼糧中添加不同水平維生素D3(VD3)對(duì)肉仔雞生長(zhǎng)性能及骨磷代謝利用的影響。試驗(yàn)選用480只1日齡艾拔益加肉公雛,采用2×4雙因子完全隨機(jī)設(shè)計(jì),設(shè)2個(gè)飼糧非植酸磷水平[0.45%和0.23%(實(shí)測(cè)值為0.44%和0.21%)]與4個(gè)VD3添加水平(0、1 000、2 000和4 000 IU/kg),共8個(gè)組,每組6個(gè)重復(fù),每個(gè)重復(fù)10只雞。試驗(yàn)期21 d。結(jié)果表明,與0.21%非植酸磷水平相比,0.44%非植酸磷水平顯著提高肉仔雞平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)、脛骨灰分含量和脛骨灰分磷含量(P<0.05),顯著降低料重比(F/G)和脛骨灰分磷絕對(duì)沉積率(P<0.05);與不添加VD3相比,飼糧中添加VD3顯著提高肉仔雞ADG、15~21和1~21日齡ADFI、脛骨灰分含量和脛骨灰分磷絕對(duì)沉積率(P<0.05),顯著降低1~21日齡肉仔雞F/G(P<0.05);0.21%非植酸磷水平下,與不添加VD3相比,飼糧中添加VD3顯著降低肉仔雞死亡率(P<0.05),顯著提高21日齡肉仔雞脛骨灰分磷重量(P<0.05),添加2 000 IU/kg VD3顯著提高14日齡肉仔雞脛骨灰分磷重量(P<0.05);0.44%非植酸磷水平下,與不添加VD3相比,飼糧中添加VD3顯著提高肉仔雞脛骨灰分磷重量(P<0.05)。以上結(jié)果表明,飼糧中添加VD3可提高肉仔雞的生長(zhǎng)性能并降低死亡率,促進(jìn)磷在骨骼中的代謝利用。
VD3;磷;脛骨磷代謝利用;肉仔雞
磷是維持動(dòng)物健康生長(zhǎng)不可缺少的礦物元素,參與體內(nèi)諸多代謝,如核酸代謝、能量代謝、脂質(zhì)代謝以及酶的催化作用等。磷對(duì)骨骼礦化、維持肌肉正常功能與細(xì)胞膜完整性、細(xì)胞信號(hào)傳導(dǎo)以及體液酸堿平衡,也具有重要作用[1]?,F(xiàn)代育成的肉雞生長(zhǎng)速度快,對(duì)磷的需要量更高[2]。肉雞飼糧中磷缺乏會(huì)導(dǎo)致肉雞骨骼發(fā)育不良、生長(zhǎng)性能下降和死亡率增加等[3]。玉米、豆粕等常規(guī)飼料中磷含量較低,且多為不可消化吸收的植酸磷,這導(dǎo)致肉雞飼糧中約70%的非植酸磷需通過(guò)無(wú)機(jī)礦物質(zhì)磷源添加,其成本僅次于能量、蛋白質(zhì)居第3位[4]。而且,大量未被消化的磷可隨糞便排出體外,引起水體富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化,因而導(dǎo)致環(huán)境磷污染日益嚴(yán)重[5-7]。因此,加強(qiáng)肉雞磷的吸收和代謝利用規(guī)律研究,對(duì)于節(jié)約飼料資源、降低養(yǎng)殖成本及減少磷排放帶來(lái)的環(huán)境污染等均具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)指導(dǎo)意義。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),維生素D3(VD3)可促進(jìn)肉仔雞腸道磷的吸收。如早期研究發(fā)現(xiàn),結(jié)扎雞不同腸段灌注VD3可促進(jìn)腸道磷的吸收[8];隨后研究者采用雞胚十二指腸培養(yǎng)法也得到了類似的結(jié)果[9-10]。目前研究多集中于VD3對(duì)肉仔雞骨骼發(fā)育的影響等方面。研究表明,飼糧中添加VD3或VD3類似物可提高肉仔雞脛骨長(zhǎng)度、骨密度和灰分含量,降低腿病發(fā)生率及腿病嚴(yán)重程度[11-14]。本實(shí)驗(yàn)室前期采用原位結(jié)扎灌注十二指腸技術(shù),發(fā)現(xiàn)適宜水平的1,25-二羥基維生素D3[1,25-(OH)2D3]通過(guò)上調(diào)肉仔雞十二指腸鈉磷協(xié)同轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)載體Ⅱb型(NaP-Ⅱb)mRNA表達(dá)水平而提高了無(wú)機(jī)磷的吸收[15]。VD3是否可通過(guò)促進(jìn)腸道磷吸收再進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)磷在骨骼中的代謝利用還需進(jìn)一步研究。因此,本試驗(yàn)在飼糧中添加不同水平的VD3,研究其對(duì)肉仔雞生長(zhǎng)性能和脛骨磷代謝利用相關(guān)指標(biāo)的影響,為調(diào)控肉仔雞骨磷代謝利用提供理論基礎(chǔ)和試驗(yàn)依據(jù)。
1.1試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)與處理
采用2×4雙因子完全隨機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)。試驗(yàn)設(shè)2個(gè)飼糧非植酸磷水平:1個(gè)為NRC(1994)[16]1~3周齡階段肉仔雞飼糧0.45%非植酸磷水平(非植酸磷實(shí)測(cè)值為0.44%),1個(gè)為上述非植酸磷水平1/2的0.23%非植酸磷水平(非植酸磷實(shí)測(cè)值0.21%);4個(gè)VD3添加水平為0、1 000、2 000和4 000 IU/kg,共8個(gè)組。
1.2動(dòng)物與飼糧
從華都肉雞公司購(gòu)買480只商品代1日齡愛(ài)拔益加(AA)肉公雛,根據(jù)上述試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)與處理按體重隨機(jī)分為8個(gè)組,每組60只雞,分別飼養(yǎng)于6個(gè)不銹鋼鍍塑籠中,每個(gè)重復(fù)籠10只雞。試驗(yàn)期21 d。參照NRC(1994)[16]配制肉仔雞1~21日齡玉米-豆粕型基礎(chǔ)飼糧,其組成及營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平見表1,并按上述處理設(shè)置分別在基礎(chǔ)飼糧中添加不同水平的VD3來(lái)配制8種飼糧。飼糧以磷酸氫鈣形式添加無(wú)機(jī)磷至上述非植酸磷水平,并參考Waldroup等[17]、Yan等[18]用洗凈的建筑沙(未檢測(cè)到磷)調(diào)整飼糧中石粉和磷酸氫鈣的用量。由于鈣含量顯著影響磷的吸收利用,為消除飼糧中鈣含量對(duì)磷吸收和代謝利用的影響,各組飼糧中鈣含量保持一致(均為1%)。飼糧以粉料喂給。
每日觀察記錄雞舍環(huán)境溫濕度以及雞只健康狀況、發(fā)病和死亡情況。分別于14和21日齡22:00時(shí),以重復(fù)籠為單元結(jié)料,禁食,但自由飲水,次日(15和22日齡)08:00時(shí),以重復(fù)籠為單元稱雞空腹重,并統(tǒng)計(jì)各重復(fù)籠雞只的耗料量,計(jì)算平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)、料重比(F/G)和死亡率。試驗(yàn)雞按《AA肉仔雞飼養(yǎng)管理手冊(cè)》進(jìn)行飼養(yǎng)管理和免疫接種。雞只自由采食及飲用自來(lái)水,24 h恒定光照。
表1 1~21日齡肉仔雞基礎(chǔ)飼糧組成及營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平(飼喂基礎(chǔ))
續(xù)表1項(xiàng)目Items飼糧非植酸磷水平Dietarynon-phytatephosphoruslevels/%0.450.23蛋氨酸Met0.620.62蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸Met+Cys0.920.92鈣Ca1.020.99非植酸磷Non-phytatephosphorus0.440.21
1)飼料級(jí) Feed grade。
2)洗凈的建筑沙,用于調(diào)整各組飼糧中的石粉和磷酸氫鈣用量。Washed building sand, which was used to adjust amounts of CaCO3and CaHPO4in each treatment diet.
3)為每千克飼糧提供 Provided the following for per kilogram of diets:VA 12 000 IU,VE 24 IU,VK33 mg,VB13 mg,VB29.6 mg,VB63 mg,VB120.018 mg,泛酸鈣 calcium pantothenate 15 mg,煙酸 niacin 39 mg,葉酸 folic acid 1.5 mg,生物素 biotin 0.15 mg,氯化膽堿 choline 700 mg,Zn (as zinc sulfate) 60 mg,Cu (as copper sulfate) 8 mg,Mn (as manganese sulfate monohydrate) 110 mg,F(xiàn)e (as ferrous sulfate) 60 mg,I (as potassium iodide) 0.35 mg,Se (as sodium selenite) 0.15 mg,金霉素 chlorotetracycline 50 mg。
4)粗蛋白質(zhì)、鈣和非植酸磷為3個(gè)平行測(cè)定結(jié)果的平均值,其余均為計(jì)算值。Values of CP, Ca and non-phytate phosphorus were means of triplicate determinations, while the other nutrient levels were calculated values.
1.3樣品采集與制備
于飼糧配制前采集玉米、豆粕飼料原料樣品,分析粗蛋白質(zhì)、鈣、總磷和非植酸磷含量,使配制的飼糧中上述關(guān)鍵營(yíng)養(yǎng)素含量與飼糧配方值盡可能接近,并在配制各組飼糧時(shí)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)采集樣品,四分法縮小樣品量后粉碎過(guò)200目篩,置于自封袋中低溫干燥保存,以備分析飼糧粗蛋白質(zhì)、鈣、總磷和非植酸磷含量。于15和22日齡,從每個(gè)重復(fù)籠選取接近平均體重的3只雞屠宰,取右側(cè)脛骨于自封袋中,-20 ℃凍存,以備分析脛骨灰分含量、脛骨灰分磷含量和脛骨灰分磷重量以及磷的絕對(duì)沉積率。每個(gè)重復(fù)籠3只雞的脛骨樣品合并為1個(gè)分析樣本。
1.4樣品分析
1.4.1 飼料原料和飼糧樣品分析
樣品經(jīng)濃硝酸和高氯酸濕法消化后,用IRIS Intrepid Ⅱ等離子體發(fā)射光譜儀(TE,美國(guó))測(cè)定飼料原料和飼糧中鈣含量[19];飼料原料和飼糧中粗蛋白質(zhì)含量按AOAC(1990)[20]中所述方法測(cè)定;飼糧中總磷含量根據(jù)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(GB/T 6437—2002)[21]采用鉬黃分光光度法測(cè)定;飼糧中植酸磷含量采用三氯化鐵沉淀法測(cè)定[22-24],飼糧總磷含量減去植酸磷含量即得到非植酸磷含量。
1.4.2 脛骨指標(biāo)測(cè)定
用馬弗爐灰化法[25]測(cè)定脛骨灰分含量;脛骨灰樣品經(jīng)濃硝酸和高氯酸濕法消化后,根據(jù)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(GB/T 6437—2002)[21]采用鉬黃分光光度法測(cè)定脛骨灰分磷含量,根據(jù)脛骨灰分重量和脛骨灰分磷含量計(jì)算脛骨灰分磷重量,用脛骨灰分磷重量比雞只進(jìn)食磷量即得脛骨灰分磷絕對(duì)沉積率。
1.5數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析
采用SAS 9.2系統(tǒng)中的一般線性模型(GLM)程序?qū)λ脭?shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行2×4雙因子方差分析,方差分析顯著者,用LSD法比較各平均數(shù)間的差異顯著性。肉雞死亡率(百分?jǐn)?shù)數(shù)據(jù))經(jīng)反正弦轉(zhuǎn)換后進(jìn)行方差分析。每個(gè)重復(fù)籠作為1個(gè)試驗(yàn)單元。以P<0.05作為各項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù)差異顯著性檢驗(yàn)水平。
2.1飼糧添加不同水平VD3對(duì)肉仔雞生長(zhǎng)性能及死亡率的影響
由表2可見,非植酸磷水平對(duì)各階段肉仔雞的ADG和F/G及15~21和1~21日齡肉仔雞的ADFI均有顯著影響(P<0.05)。VD3水平對(duì)各階段肉仔雞的ADG及15~21和1~21日齡肉仔雞的ADFI和F/G均有顯著影響(P<0.05),對(duì)1~14日齡肉仔雞的F/G無(wú)顯著影響(P>0.05)。非植酸磷水平和VD3水平互作對(duì)1~14日齡肉仔雞的ADFI和各階段肉仔雞死亡率均有顯著影響(P<0.05)。與0.21%非植酸磷水平比,0.44%非植酸磷水平顯著提高各階段肉仔雞的ADG及15~21和1~21日齡肉仔雞的ADFI(P<0.05),顯著降低各階段肉仔雞的F/G(P<0.05)。與不添加VD3相比,飼糧添加VD3顯著提高各階段肉仔雞的ADG以及15~21和1~21日齡肉仔雞的ADFI(P<0.05),顯著降低1~21日齡肉仔雞的F/G(P<0.05),其中添加4 000 IU/kg VD3顯著降低15~21日齡肉仔雞的F/G(P<0.05)。0.44%非植酸磷水平下,添加4 000 IU/kg VD3組肉仔雞1~14日齡ADFI顯著高于其他組(P>0.05);0.21%非植酸磷水平下,添加4 000 IU/kg VD3組肉仔雞1~14日齡ADFI顯著低于添加2 000 IU/kg VD3組(P<0.05),與添加0和1 000 IU/kg VD3組無(wú)顯著性差異(P>0.05)。0.44%非植酸磷水平下,VD3對(duì)肉仔雞死亡率無(wú)顯著影響(P>0.05);0.21%非植酸磷水平下,與不添加VD3組相比,添加VD3組肉仔雞死亡率顯著降低(P<0.05)。
2.2飼糧添加不同水平VD3對(duì)肉仔雞脛骨磷代謝利用的影響
由表3和表4可見,非植酸磷水平對(duì)14日齡和21日齡肉仔雞脛骨灰分含量、脛骨灰分磷含量和脛骨灰分磷絕對(duì)沉積率均有顯著影響(P<0.05),VD3水平對(duì)14和21日齡肉仔雞脛骨灰分含量和脛骨灰分磷絕對(duì)沉積率有顯著影響(P<0.05),對(duì)脛骨灰分磷含量沒(méi)有顯著影響(P>0.05),非植酸磷水平和VD3水平互作對(duì)14和21日齡肉仔雞脛骨灰分磷重量有顯著影響(P<0.05)。0.44%非植酸磷水平組脛骨灰分含量和脛骨灰分磷含量顯著高于0.21%非植酸磷水平組(P<0.05),脛骨灰分磷絕對(duì)沉積率顯著低于0.21%非植酸磷水平組(P<0.05)。與不添加VD3組相比,添加VD3組脛骨灰分含量和脛骨灰分磷絕對(duì)沉積率均顯著升高(P<0.05)。0.44%非植酸磷水平下,添加VD3組14日齡肉仔雞脛骨灰分磷重量顯著高于未添加組(P<0.05);0.21%非植酸磷水平下,添加2 000 IU/kg VD3組14日齡肉仔雞脛骨灰分磷重量顯著高于未添加組(P<0.05),3個(gè)添加VD3組之間無(wú)顯著差異(P>0.05);添加VD3組21日齡肉仔雞脛骨灰分磷重量顯著高于未添加組(P<0.05)。
劉松柏[25]報(bào)道,飼糧非植酸磷水平對(duì)肉仔雞ADG、ADFI、F/G和死亡率均有顯著影響,且隨著飼糧非植酸磷水平的提高,ADG和ADFI增加,F(xiàn)/G降低;胡義信[26]也報(bào)道了類似的結(jié)果。上述
研究報(bào)道與本試驗(yàn)結(jié)果一致,說(shuō)明肉仔雞飼糧中缺乏非植酸磷可顯著影響肉仔雞生長(zhǎng)性能,并增加死亡率。Biehl等[27]研究發(fā)現(xiàn),低磷飼糧中添加VD3可降低肉仔雞F/G;Edwards[28]研究表明,添加1 100和4 400 IU/kg VD3可降低肉仔雞F/G;Fritts等[13]報(bào)道,與添加125 IU/kg VD3組相比,飼糧中添加1 000、2 000和4 000 IU/kg VD3顯著提高21日齡肉仔雞ADG。上述研究報(bào)道與本試驗(yàn)結(jié)果一致,說(shuō)明飼糧中添加VD3可提高肉仔雞生長(zhǎng)性能。本研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)在0.21%非植酸磷水平下,飼糧中添加VD3可降低肉仔雞死亡率,這些可能與VD3促進(jìn)了小腸磷的吸收和骨骼磷的代謝利用有關(guān),從而緩解雞只由于缺磷而導(dǎo)致的生長(zhǎng)性能下降和死亡。
脛骨灰分含量是評(píng)價(jià)飼糧磷利用的敏感指標(biāo)[29]。動(dòng)物缺磷會(huì)引起缺磷性骨營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良,表現(xiàn)為骨灰分占脫脂骨總重量的百分比下降[30]。劉松柏[25]報(bào)道,飼糧非植酸磷水平顯著影響肉仔雞脛骨灰分含量,0.43%非植酸磷水平組肉仔雞脛骨灰分含量顯著高于0.23%非植酸磷水平組,這與本試驗(yàn)結(jié)果一致。Biehl等[27]研究發(fā)現(xiàn),飼糧中添加VD3能提高肉仔雞脛骨灰分含量,但VD3添加量加倍不能引起更大的脛骨灰分反應(yīng),這與本試驗(yàn)結(jié)果一致。脛骨灰分中礦物元素含量是衡量動(dòng)物對(duì)礦物元素吸收利用的方法之一[31]。當(dāng)畜禽從飼糧中攝入的磷不足時(shí),磷就會(huì)從骨組織中動(dòng)員出來(lái)以滿足機(jī)體需要,從而導(dǎo)致骨灰分中磷含量降低[32]。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),0.44%非植酸磷水平組肉仔雞脛骨灰分磷含量顯著高于0.21%非植酸磷水平組,這與劉松柏[25]的報(bào)道一致,而VD3水平對(duì)脛骨灰分磷含量沒(méi)有影響,這可能是因?yàn)轱暭Z中一定的鈣水平使得灰分鈣磷比保持相對(duì)恒定的狀態(tài)[33]。由于采食量的差異,動(dòng)物進(jìn)食磷量不同,脛骨灰分磷絕對(duì)沉積率消除了采食量所造成的進(jìn)食磷量差異,更能反映動(dòng)物對(duì)磷的利用效果。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),飼糧中添加VD3能顯著提高肉仔雞脛骨灰分磷的絕對(duì)沉積率。本研究和上述研究共同表明,飼糧添加VD3可促進(jìn)磷在骨骼中的代謝利用,一方面可能是由于VD3提高了肉仔雞腸道磷的吸收,本實(shí)驗(yàn)室前期研究表明了適宜水平的1,25-(OH)2D3可提高原位結(jié)扎肉仔雞十二指腸磷的吸收[11];另一方面可能是由于VD3直接促進(jìn)了磷在肉仔雞骨骼中的代謝利用。
表2 飼糧添加不同水平VD3對(duì)肉仔雞生長(zhǎng)性能及死亡率的影響
續(xù)表2非植酸磷水平Dietarynon-phytatephosphoruslevels/%VD3水平VD3levels/(IU/kg)平均日增重ADG/(g/d)1~14日齡1to14daysofage15~21日齡15to21daysofage1~21日齡1to21daysofage平均日采食量ADFI/(g/d)1~14日齡1to14daysofage15~21日齡15to21daysofage1~21日齡1to21daysofage料重比F/G1~14日齡1to14daysofage15~21日齡15to21daysofage1~21日齡1to21daysofage死亡率Mortality/%1~14日齡1to14daysofage15~21日齡15to21daysofage1~21日齡1to21daysofageP值P-value非植酸磷水平Dietarynon-phytatephosphoruslevel<0.0001<0.0001<0.0001<0.0001<0.0001<0.00010.0006<0.0001<0.0001<0.0001<0.0001<0.0001VD3水平VD3level0.00400.0002<0.00010.50620.00030.00130.07680.04880.00230.0853<0.0001<0.0001非植酸磷水平×VD3水平Dietarynon-phytatephosphoruslevel×VD3level0.06620.74690.66650.00590.78080.33210.14180.44580.09690.0335<0.0001<0.0001
同列數(shù)據(jù)肩標(biāo)無(wú)字母表示差異不顯著(P>0.05),不同小寫字母表示差異顯著(P<0.05)。下表同。
In the same column, values with no letter superscripts mean no significant difference (P>0.05), while with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (P<0.05). The same as below.
表3 飼糧添加不同水平VD3對(duì)14日齡肉仔雞脛骨磷代謝利用的影響
表4 飼糧添加不同水平VD3對(duì)21日齡肉仔雞脛骨磷代謝利用的影響
續(xù)表4非植酸磷水平Dietarynon-phytatephosphoruslevels/%VD3水平VD3levels/(IU/kg)脛骨灰分含量Tibiaashcontent/%脛骨灰分磷重量Ashphosphorousweight/g脛骨灰分磷含量Ashphosphorouscontent/%脛骨灰分磷絕對(duì)沉積率Ashphosphorousabsolutedepositionrate/%0.44038.480.112b15.702.60100044.770.158a16.153.46200044.870.161a15.923.50400044.670.161a15.723.32標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤SEM0.780.0040.280.15非植酸磷水平Dietarynon-phytatephosphoruslevels/%0.2134.14b0.05815.11b4.50a0.4443.20a0.14815.87a3.22b標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤SEM0.390.0020.1410.08VD3水平VD3levels/(IU/kg)035.03b0.07915.273.24b100039.44a0.10915.694.11a200039.82a0.11315.484.08a400040.38a0.11115.514.01a標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤SEM0.550.0030.200.11P值P-value非植酸磷水平Dietarynon-phytatephosphoruslevel<0.0001<0.00010.0005<0.0001VD3水平VD3level<0.0001<0.00010.5487<0.0001非植酸磷水平×VD3水平Dietarynon-phytatephosphoruslevel×VD3level0.10160.00040.79450.9208
① 飼糧添加VD3可提高肉仔雞的生長(zhǎng)性能并降低死亡率。
② 飼糧添加VD3可促進(jìn)磷在肉仔雞骨骼中的代謝利用。
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*Corresponding authors: LIAO Xiudong, research assistant, E-mail: liaoxd56@163.com; LUO Xugang, professor, E-mail: wlysz@263.net
(責(zé)任編輯 田艷明)
Effects of Different Dietary Vitamin D3Levels on Growth Performance and Bone Phosphorus Metabolic Utilization of Broilers
WEN Qian LYU Lin ZHANG Liyang LIAO Xiudong*LUO Xugang*
(Mineral Nutrition Research Division, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China)
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary vitamin D3(VD3) levels on growth performance and bone phosphorus metabolic utilization of broilers. A completely randomized factorial design involved two non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) contents [0.45% and 0.23% (the measured content was 0.44% and 0.21%, respectively)] and four VD3supplemental levels (0, 1 000, 2 000, and 4 000 IU/kg). A total of 480 one-day-old Arbor Acres male broilers were allotted to 8 groups with 6 replicate cages of 10 broilers per cage for each group. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed that the broilers fed diets containing 0.44% NPP had significantly higher average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), tibia ash content and its phosphorus content (P<0.05), while had significantly lower ratio of feed to gain (F/G) and tibia ash phosphorus absolute deposition rate (P<0.05) compared with the broilers fed diets containing 0.21% NPP. Dietary VD3significantly enhanced ADG, ADFI during 15 to 21 days of age and 1 to 21 days of age, tibia ash content and its phosphorus absolute deposition rate of broilers (P<0.05), significantly decreased the F/G of broilers during 1 to 21 days of age (P<0.05) compared to the diet without addition of VD3. When the broilers fed diets containing 0.21% NPP, dietary VD3significantly decreased the mortality of broilers (P<0.05), and significantly promoted tibia ash phosphorous weight of broilers at 21 days of age (P<0.05), while dietary 2 000 IU/kg VD3significantly promoted tibia ash phosphorous weight of broilers at 14 days of age (P<0.05) compared to the diet without addition of VD3. When the broilers fed diets containing 0.44% NPP, dietary VD3significantly enhanced tibia ash phosphorous weight of broilers compared to the diet without addition of VD3(P<0.05). The results indicate that dietary VD3can enhance the growth performance and decrease the mortality and promoted phosphorus metabolic utilization in bone of broilers.[ChineseJournalofAnimalNutrition,2017,29(9):3099-3108]
VD3; phosphorus; tibia phosphorus metabolic utilization; broilers
10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.09.011
2017-03-01
中央級(jí)公益性科研院所基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金(2016ywf-yb-8);國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(31472116);國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(31630073);國(guó)家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系崗位專家專項(xiàng)經(jīng)費(fèi)(CARS-42);中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院科技創(chuàng)新工程專項(xiàng)經(jīng)費(fèi)(ASTIP-IAS08)
溫 倩(1990—),女,重慶梁平人,碩士研究生,從事動(dòng)物營(yíng)養(yǎng)與飼料科學(xué)研究。E-mail: wenqian20@126.com
*通信作者:廖秀冬,助理研究員,E-mail: liaoxd56@163.com;羅緒剛,研究員,博士生導(dǎo)師,E-mail: wlysz@263.net
S831
:A
:1006-267X(2017)09-3099-10
動(dòng)物營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)報(bào)2017年9期