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      “全球最佳”背后的文化基石

      2017-12-09 19:42:43戚永曄
      文化交流 2017年12期
      關(guān)鍵詞:蔡志忠西溪音樂節(jié)

      戚永曄

      一封聯(lián)合國世界旅游組織(UNWTO)的正式函件,近日越過遼闊的太平洋,飛到杭州市旅游委員會的信箱里。函件帶來的,是一個讓人振奮的好消息:杭州入選全球15個旅游最佳實踐樣本城市。入選的理由是旅游對城市產(chǎn)生的積極而卓越的社會文化影響。

      翻開中華大辭典,對“旅游”一詞的闡述很有意思:“‘旅是為了實現(xiàn)某一目的而在空間上的行進(jìn)過程;‘游是外出觀光、娛樂?!?/p>

      所以,一個優(yōu)秀的旅游目的地,必須有著讓人進(jìn)行“空間行進(jìn)”的充分理由。而游客,作為這個“空間行進(jìn)”的主體,無疑是旅游中最核心的要素。在杭州獲評“全球最佳”的時刻,讓我們來看看“游客”眼里的杭州吧。

      外籍“游客”:喜歡杭州人的友好

      見到來自南非的理查,是在2017西博會市民休閑節(jié)暨國際旅游節(jié)的現(xiàn)場。10月27日,來自國內(nèi)外20個民俗表演團(tuán)齊聚杭州西城廣場,美國街舞、南非鼓樂、巴西桑巴舞輪番登場,苗族舞蹈、樂坊歌舞、雜技表演共同打造了一場視聽盛宴,拉開了每年一度的西博會市民休閑節(jié)的序幕。

      而理查,正是當(dāng)天表演中的南非鼓樂手。對自己的族舞,理查顯得很有自信:“我們的族舞包含著很多傳統(tǒng)文化,而族舞的靈魂就是非洲鼓,因為即興演奏也是非洲音樂的特色,而節(jié)奏是其主導(dǎo)者。我的家鄉(xiāng)有很多優(yōu)秀的鼓手,他們不但要全盤掌握每次演出音樂、舞蹈的功能,也要掌握觀眾和音樂的情緒。優(yōu)秀的鼓手是受全族人愛戴和尊敬的?!?/p>

      實際上,今年已經(jīng)是理查第七次來杭州表演了,從第一屆市民休閑節(jié)開始,他每年10月都會來到杭州:“在這里表演感覺很棒,因為杭州很漂亮,杭州市民也很熱情?!?/p>

      所以,在理查的眼里,杭州已經(jīng)不止是一個工作目的地,更是一個獨特的旅游勝地。工作之外,他總會留出兩三天時間,在西湖邊、在西溪濕地走走,用生硬的中文和杭州朋友們攀談。他還喜歡杭州的酒吧:“我的好幾個朋友都常年在杭州的酒吧里唱歌,杭州的觀眾聽音樂都很認(rèn)真,跳起舞的時候也很放得開,而且杭州的酒吧都裝飾得很有味道,能體現(xiàn)這座城市的文化基因?!崩聿檎f。

      事實上,像理查這樣,因工作來到杭州,最后變成杭州的“游客”和粉絲的人還真不少。根據(jù)杭州市旅游委員會提供的數(shù)據(jù),2016年全年,杭州接待外籍入境游客量高達(dá)358萬人次,比上年增幅約為5%,創(chuàng)下歷史新高。這對于一座900多萬人口的城市來說,平均三個不到的市民就接待了一位外賓——這確實是讓人驚訝的。共同入榜的日本著名旅游城市札幌,外籍游客的數(shù)量僅為99.4萬人次,優(yōu)勢不言而喻。

      而這些白皮膚、黃皮膚、黑皮膚的外賓,在感知了杭州的文化底蘊之后,又把這里的美、這里的秀、這里的真?zhèn)鞑ソo更多親朋好友和社交網(wǎng)站的信息中。這種全球范圍內(nèi)口口相傳的美譽,也是杭州贏得“全球最佳”美譽的重要原因。

      青年“游客”:喜歡杭州的休閑

      “80后”東北姑娘禹佳則是另一種杭州“游客”。認(rèn)識她是在杭州又一著名的文化演出品牌——西湖音樂節(jié)上。在外人看來,禹佳就是個女孩兒,在音樂節(jié)的人群中蹦跶、唱歌、嬉笑,臉上寫滿了這個年齡讓人艷羨的青春、活力、熱情。

      但與她交流后,我才知道她的另一個身份——西湖風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)花港管理處——也就是音樂節(jié)所在的太子灣公園場地“東家”的工作人員。

      2008年,禹佳剛剛大學(xué)畢業(yè),進(jìn)入了與杭州旅游最息息相關(guān)的景區(qū)管委會工作?!傲粼诤贾莸睦碛珊芎唵危@里很美,四年的大學(xué)生活還沒過夠,所以就選擇了在這里工作。”而她工作第一年,就遇上了西湖音樂節(jié)這個她最喜歡的音樂節(jié)慶。

      每年,禹佳都因為“工作之便”,把五月的一個周末“投入”西湖音樂節(jié)現(xiàn)場。在青山綠水間、在音樂為構(gòu)架的社會空間里,禹佳與年輕人一起,為那些充滿激情的音樂吶喊、為生活在杭州而“歡呼”。

      “每次老家的朋友們來杭州旅游,我都會主動給他們做向?qū)А庇砑颜f,朋友們都覺得她生活在杭州“太幸福”。而她自己,雖然因為工作忙,回家的機會不多,常常會想家,但是在杭州“作為一個幸福的游客”,其實挺不賴的。

      事實上,如禹佳一般,因為喜歡杭州的生活環(huán)境而留在杭州的年輕人還有很多。阿里巴巴、網(wǎng)易等活躍的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)企業(yè)也許是吸引他們的一個要素,但更多的,是杭州深厚的“休閑味道”——杭州的“最幸福感城市”“休閑美食之都”稱號并非浪得虛名,風(fēng)景秀麗、宜居宜游,是杭州公認(rèn)的印象。

      名人“游客”:喜歡杭州的情調(diào)

      杭州的“游客”群中還有很多是名人。名聞遐邇的漫畫家蔡志忠就是其中的一位,他一年12次飛杭州,每個月必去西溪濕地報到一次。他說,他隨時有“老死在杭州”的打算。

      見到蔡志忠是在他西溪濕地的工作室里,聽說杭州獲得“全球最佳”旅游實踐樣本城市的消息時,蔡志忠顯得一點都不驚訝。他指著工作室外的“一曲溪流一曲煙”說:“你看,這樣的地方,誰不愛來旅游?”

      蔡志忠的工作室掩映在西溪的煙樹碧水中,別墅內(nèi)部的裝修風(fēng)格現(xiàn)代簡約,偌大的客廳儼然成了他的個人作品陳列室,四周墻壁的書架上擺滿了書籍。最吸引人的要數(shù)臨水的露天陽臺了,坐在這里,完全融進(jìn)了西溪幽靜美麗的濕地景致中,蔡志忠最喜歡在這里和客人品茶、喝咖啡、漫談人生。

      蔡志忠與杭州、與西溪的緣分,從十幾年前就開始了。作為著名的漫畫家,他參與了杭州中國國際動漫節(jié)的全程。2011年西溪花朝節(jié)開幕式上,蔡志忠專門為西溪濕地創(chuàng)作了“西溪與紅樓夢”漫畫,以生動簡潔的線條呈現(xiàn)紅樓夢與西溪文化的淵源;2012年12月,由蔡志忠工作室和騰訊網(wǎng)合作的騰訊原創(chuàng)動漫基地在西溪創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)園舉行掛牌儀式,之后,蔡志忠還為“星漫獎”的獲獎作者開辦了首屆動漫培訓(xùn)學(xué)院,地點就在他的西溪工作室;2013年5月,“你是我的蔡”蔡志忠從業(yè)50周年紀(jì)念媒體見面會在他的西溪工作室舉行,蔡志忠“學(xué)生必讀國學(xué)漫畫”系列圖書也在本次活動中隆重推出;2013年5月28日,蔡志忠作客西溪“講書茶會”,和書友一起品茶,并分享了自己的人生感悟……endprint

      而他本人,從一開始的“工作順便在杭州玩”,慢慢變成了“偶爾來杭州度假”,又變成了“每年定期常駐杭州”;他的身份,也從游客、度假客變成了半個杭州人。

      蔡志忠并非“長居杭州”的名人個例,今天,在濕地公園東北角的西溪創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)園,共入駐了余華、麥家、賴聲川、楊瀾、潘公凱等18位名人,他們在此寓居卜筑、詩畫歌詠,與西溪的風(fēng)光美景相映成趣。

      而杭州作為“全球最佳”,除了人文風(fēng)情、休閑特色之外,留居此地的名人大師們讓優(yōu)秀文化藝術(shù)力量源源不斷地匯聚杭州,使這里成為中國的“人才高地”和“藝術(shù)高地”。

      如聯(lián)合國世界旅游組織(UNWTO)對杭州的評價:“杭州始終堅持‘游客至上、以人為本、面向國際的城市旅游發(fā)展理念?!边@十二字發(fā)展理念,深刻體現(xiàn)出了杭州作為旅游勝地的內(nèi)在文化基石。

      A letter from United Nation World Tourism Organization to Hangzhou Tourism Commission announced that Hangzhou was elected as one of the 15 top-performing tourism cities in 2017. The UNWTO released the list of 15 cities on October 15. The other award winners include Antwerp, Berlin, Buenos Aires, Bogota, Beijing, Cape Town, Copenhagen, Linz, Marrakech, Seoul, Sapporo, Turin, Tianjin and Tokyo.

      Richard

      I met Richard from South Africa at an event venue during the 2017 West Lake Leisure Festival and International Tourism Festival on 27 October. Over 20 folk art troupes performed at Xicheng Square. He was a drummer for the dance his troupe performed. In fact, it was his seventh visit to the city. The troupe from South Africa has favored the annual festival in October over the last 7 years.

      “It is great to perform here. Hangzhou is beautiful and people here are warm-hearted and friendly,” commented the drummer. For him, the city is more than a destination of a work tour. It is an ideal tourism destination for him to unwind himself. He chooses to stay in the city for two or three days after the work is over, sightseeing around and chatting with locals in his not so good Chinese. He also loves bars in the city. “Some singer friends of mine work in bars in Hangzhou all the year round. Local people listen attentively and dance wildly, my friends told me. The bars in the city are fine decorated, representing the citys cultural genes,” commented Richard.

      There are many foreigners like Richard. They come to Hangzhou to work and fall in love with the city and do a lot of sightseeing around. Data from Hangzhou Tourism Commission indicates that the city received 3.58 million inbound tourists from overseas in 2016, up 5% year on year. Hangzhou has established its reputation as a great tourism destination over years. More and more tourists are coming from overseas. They like what they see and experience here. The reputation keeps spreading.endprint

      Yu Jia

      I met Yu Jia at West Lake Music Festival. She was of many girls singing and waving and chanting and laughing among the audience. She works as an employee at the lakeside Prince Bay Park. Upon her graduation from college in 2008, she got herself employed at Hangzhou Scenic Zone Administration. “I chose to stay in Hangzhou simply because the four college years were far from enough for me,” she explained. It was in the first year as an employee at Prince Bay that she found West Lake Music Festival. Since then, she has dedicated a weekend in May to the festival at Prince Bay. For her relatives, she is just a happy tourist staying all the year round in a great tourist destination. She takes them around on sightseeing tours whenever they come to visit her.

      Again, there are many such so called tourists as Yu Jia in Hangzhou. They take to the beauty of the city and stay to be tourists forever in the city. Ask those working at Alibaba, for example, and you will know. The biggest attraction of the city is more than the natural beauty. It is a scenic and historical and cultural city where nature and man are one and life goes at a leisurely pace.

      Tsai Chih Chung

      Of the celebrities who love Hangzhou, Taiwan-based cartoonist Tsai Chih Chung is typical. He comes to Hangzhou 12 times a year, to work at his art studio at Xixi National Wetland. The 69-year-old says he is ready to die here happily. I visited him at his studio nestled in the scenic wetland. After learning about Hangzhou picked as one of the top-performing tourism cities, he commented that he wasnt surprised at all. He pointed to the scene out of the large window, asking rhetorically “who wouldnt want to travel all the way to view such sights.”

      The villa studio is decorated in a minimalist style. The sitting room serves as a library with bookshelves on four walls. His cartoon-styled books are on display. His bonding with Hangzhou started more than a decade ago. As a famed cartoonist, he has attended all the China International Cartoon & Animation Festival since the inception of the festival in Hangzhou 2005. He has shifted part of his workload to the studio in Hangzhou. At first, he just enjoyed flying in and working and having some fun occasionally. Then his visits became longer vacations in Hangzhou. Eventually he has come to work a regular workload in Hangzhou.

      There are many celebrities like him in Hangzhou. The wetland is also home to studios for celebrities such as novelists Yu Hua and Mai Jia, theater director Stan Lai, television producer Yang Lan and artist Pan Gongkai.endprint

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