再連接—城市翻修系列設(shè)計課程教學(xué)報告(35)之北京中關(guān)村口字橋改造設(shè)計

朱文一, 錢漪遠

本課程設(shè)計題目為“再連接—北京中關(guān)村口字橋改造設(shè)計”。2011年建成的中關(guān)村口字形天橋?qū)⒈恢嘘P(guān)村大街以及北四環(huán)路阻隔的中關(guān)村西區(qū)與周邊“連接”起來（圖1）?！霸龠B接”旨在進一步加強中關(guān)村西區(qū)與周邊及更為廣大的街區(qū)之聯(lián)系。課程目標是，通過“再連接”連接周邊地塊，探索基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施與建筑結(jié)合；通過“再連接”創(chuàng)造活力空間，關(guān)注城市生活與設(shè)計結(jié)合；通過“再連接”再現(xiàn)中國硅谷，表達城市文化與意象結(jié)合。課程要求深入調(diào)研中關(guān)村口字天橋現(xiàn)狀，特別是其周邊建筑的使用狀況；要求廣泛學(xué)習(xí)世界范圍內(nèi)人行天橋改造案例；要求學(xué)習(xí)北京市規(guī)劃管理條例等。7名選課研究生分三組，經(jīng)過12周的學(xué)習(xí)，完成了三份設(shè)計課程作業(yè)。

“Unfolding Map”是黃梓軒、王鑫、劉嘉琪的作業(yè)（圖2）。設(shè)計以口字天橋作為中心，外擴原本交通方式單一的天橋，提出“Unfolding Map”的設(shè)計概念，結(jié)合不同層級的廊橋引入了快速車道和慢行步道，并通過點、線、面、體的手法外延至商業(yè)、社區(qū)、學(xué)校、研究機構(gòu)等區(qū)域，提供給城市一個運動交往的復(fù)合型空間。并且結(jié)合信息時代下中關(guān)村的定位，希望人們使用手機通過天橋衍生出集約健身的行為模式，增加相互的線下溝通。

“云創(chuàng)+”是于安然、莫楊晨露的作業(yè)（圖3）。本設(shè)計以“云創(chuàng)”為概念—當前的中國正開啟創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動的發(fā)展模式，中關(guān)村也響應(yīng)國家“雙創(chuàng)”政策的要求，逐步走進“創(chuàng)咖”時代。方案首先按照200m×200m的正交和斜向45度的城市網(wǎng)格點狀布置十字形的城市家具，容納報刊亭、信息點、早餐吧、公交站等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施功能。并且，通過底層架空的八層院落式建筑整合沿中關(guān)村大街分布的各個單獨的現(xiàn)存建筑，容納創(chuàng)咖、商業(yè)、SOHO辦公等云創(chuàng)行為。整合沿街立面的同時，在人視高度形成開敞的城市開放空間。此外，在中關(guān)村口字天橋上方加建斜向45度的廊橋，容納展廊、臨時創(chuàng)客辦公、小型集會等活動場所，營造融入城市的云創(chuàng)氛圍，在口字橋上空形成新的城市圖景。

圖1 / Figure 1中關(guān)村口字形天橋與周邊空間現(xiàn)狀Present situation of Zhongguancun foorbridge and surroundings

“INFO-RETRIEVAL：Layered Blocks”是唐其楨、丁小涵的作業(yè)（圖4）。方案聚焦中關(guān)村這一場所的信息密集性，提出通過“信息外化”復(fù)興街道活力，增加“街區(qū)層級”還原人行尺度的理念。在道路兩側(cè)設(shè)置玻璃展示盒“SHOWCASE”，形成街道—公共建筑—公建與住區(qū)間綠地空間—住區(qū)的多層次街區(qū)邊界。SHOWCASE一方面突出信息外化性，另一方面完整了街道界面，并將城市快速路拆解成多條人行尺度街道。此外，公共圖書館、城市沙龍、發(fā)布中心和觀演舞臺等公共性功能被安置在透明化的公共建筑。原本處于街塊深處的內(nèi)向公共空間被外化于邊界，街道上的行人有機會進入街塊內(nèi)部最頻繁產(chǎn)生事件、信息的場所，使得街塊的“透明性”大幅提升。

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FULL TEXTS TRANSLATED FROM CHINESE

In 2011, a “口-shaped” overpass was completed in Zhongguancun, linking the previously separated West Zhongguancun and its surroundings. “Relink”, which is the theme of this studio, aims to further strengthen the linkages of these areas. It emphasizes creating vitality by combining urban life and design, revitalizing “Chinese Silicon Valley” by merging urban culture and urban image. Deep researches into the current situation around Zhongguancun Overpass, especially the situation of surrounding buildings, was required in the studio. Further, study of overpass renovation cases and Regulations of Beijing Municipality on City Planning are also required. Seven students formed three groups, and completed three design proposals after twelve weeks of study.

“Unfolding Map” is the work of HUANG Zixuan,WANG Xin and LIU Jiaqi. They took the overpass as the center and extended the originally single-functioned overpass. Fast lanes and peaceful walkways are introduced on different levels, providing the city with a highly motive and mixed-use public space. They hoped the space could increase people's communication and chances of physical excercises.

“Yunchuang+” is the work of YU Anran and MOYANG Chenlu. They focused on the fact that China was on the path of innovation-driven development,and the urban space of Zhongguancun should respond to it. They first placed cross-shape urban furniture of basic facilities according to a 200 m ×200 m grid. Further, they integrate the originally dispersed buildings along the street by elevating the ground floor and including creative industries.“INFO-RETRIEVAL: Layered Blocks” is the work of TANG Qizhen and DING Xiaohan. They focused on the high intensity of information in Zhongguancun Area. They proposed to revitalize the district through information externalization. Glass made “Showcases”were placed along streets, forming organized layers from public to private. The transparency along street were largely increased in their proposal than the current situation.

圖2 / Figure 2 Unfolding Map，黃梓軒、王鑫、劉嘉琪Unfolding Map by HUANG Zixuan, WANG Xin, LIU Jiaqi

圖3 / Figure 3云創(chuàng)+，于安然、莫楊晨露Yunchuang+ by YU Anran, MOYANG Chenlu

圖4 / Figure 4 INFO-RETRIEVAL: Layered Blocks，唐其楨、丁小涵INFO-RETRIEVAL: Layered Blocks by TANG Qizhen; DING Xiaohan