重點(diǎn)單詞
1. organize v. (=organise) 組織;籌備
Ill invite people if you can organize food and drinks.
如果你能備辦飲食,我就負(fù)責(zé)請(qǐng)人。
(1) organize a party/trip 組織聚會(huì)/旅行
(2) organize well/badly 組織周密/不好
(1) organizer/organiser n. 組織者
(2) organized/organised adj. 有條理的;安排有序的
(3) organization/organisation n. 組織;團(tuán)體;機(jī)構(gòu)
2. upset adj. 難過;失望;沮喪
Dont get so upset.
別這么沮喪。
be upset with sb 生某人的氣
She is still upset with me.
她還在生我的氣。
3. advice n. 勸告;建議
advise v. 勸告;建議
advice為不可數(shù)名詞;advise為及物動(dòng)詞,后常跟名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞的-ing形式或賓語從句。advise是advice的動(dòng)詞形式,均意為“勸告;建議”。
Could you please give us some advice?
你可以給我們一些建議嗎?
He advises students about common problems.
他就一些常見的問題給了學(xué)生們建議。
(1) a piece of advice 一條建議
(2) ask sb for advice/ask advice of sb 向某人征求意見
(3) follow sbs advice 接受某人的意見
(4) give sb advice on sth 就某事向某人提建議
(5) take ones advice 聽取某人的建議
(6) advise sb (not) to do sth 建議某人(不)做某事
4. unless conj. 除非;如果不
unless在句中引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,相當(dāng)于if... not。
I wont go to the party unless Tom invites me.
= If Tom doesnt invite me, I wont go to the party.
如果湯姆不邀請(qǐng)我的話,我是不會(huì)去參加那個(gè)聚會(huì)的。
注意:unless引導(dǎo)的從句可放在主句之后,也可以放在主句之前。當(dāng)主句用一般將來時(shí)或是祈使句時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
5. certainly adv. 無疑;肯定;當(dāng)然;行
certainly用于修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí),表示同意所陳述的事或確信某事是真實(shí)的。certainly意為“當(dāng)然”時(shí)是非正式用語,多見于口語;意為“必定”時(shí)是正式用語,口語和書面語均可使用。
certainly在句中的位置:如果有助動(dòng)詞(be,do,have等),一般放于助動(dòng)詞之后;如果表示否定,一般放于助動(dòng)詞之前;也可位于句首或句末,表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。
He has almost certainly blown his chance of touring India this winter.
他幾乎肯定失去了今年冬天去印度旅行的機(jī)會(huì)。
— In any case you remained friends.
— Certainly.
— 無論如何,你們都是好朋友吧。
— 那當(dāng)然。
certain adj. 確實(shí);確定;肯定
辨析:certainly,for certain和of course
certainly作修飾詞時(shí)一般位于be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞之后,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前,表示“確定無疑”;for certain一般放在句末作狀語,表示“肯定地,確定無疑地”;而of course表示通常、顯見或眾所周知的事實(shí),意為“一定,當(dāng)然”,在句中位置比較靈活。
This was almost certainly the high-water mark of her career.
這幾乎肯定是她事業(yè)的巔峰。
Hill had to find out for certain.
希爾得弄個(gè)清楚。
The only honest answer is, of course, yes.
唯一誠實(shí)的回答自然是“是”。
6. angry adj. 發(fā)怒的;生氣的
(1) be/get angry with sb 生某人的氣
My best friend is angry with me.
我最好的朋友在生我的氣。
(2) be/get angry at/about sth 因某事而生氣
He got angry at her answer.
他對(duì)她的答復(fù)很生氣。
(1) angrily adv. 憤怒地;生氣地
(2) anger n. 怒;憤怒
7. careless adj. 粗心的;不小心的
(1) careless在句中可作定語。
A careless driver is a danger to us all.
粗心的司機(jī)對(duì)我們大家都是一種危險(xiǎn)。
(2) careless在句中可作表語。
He used to be careless about his speech.
他以前說話常大大咧咧的。
(1) be careless about/in 對(duì)……粗心的,對(duì)……漫不經(jīng)心的
(2) be careless of ones health 不愛惜身體
(3) be careless with ones money 隨便花錢
(1) care v. 關(guān)心;擔(dān)心
(2) careful adj. 小心的(與careless互為反義詞)
(3) be careful 小心(可單獨(dú)使用)
(4) be careful of 注意……
(5) be careful with 小心使用……
(6) carefully adv. 小心地;謹(jǐn)慎地
8. mistake n. 錯(cuò)誤;失誤
Her dad said he sometimes made careless mistakes himself.
她的爸爸說他自己有時(shí)也會(huì)犯粗心的錯(cuò)誤。
(1) make a mistake/mistakes 犯錯(cuò)誤
(2) by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地(不是故意做某事)
9. trust v. 相信;信任
If you break your word,he will never trust you again.
如果你不守信,他決不會(huì)再相信你。
Everything went all right, I trust.
但愿一切都進(jìn)展順利。
trust in sb/sth 相信/信任某人/某事
trust n. 信任,信賴;可信賴的人
10. experience n. 經(jīng)驗(yàn);經(jīng)歷
(1) experience意為“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”時(shí),是不可數(shù)名詞。
Experience is the best teacher.
經(jīng)驗(yàn)是最好的老師。
(2) experience意為“經(jīng)歷”時(shí),是可數(shù)名詞。
I had a very interesting experience in Beijing.
我在北京有過一次很有趣的經(jīng)歷。
experience v. 經(jīng)歷(及物動(dòng)詞)
Have you ever experienced failure?
你曾經(jīng)歷過失敗嗎?
11. halfway adj. & adv. 在中途;部分地做(或達(dá)到)
Theyre halfway to finishing the job.
他們離完成這項(xiàng)工作還有一半的進(jìn)程。
She lost her way halfway to the zoo.
她在去動(dòng)物園的路上迷路了。
be halfway to doing sth 完成某事的一半
重點(diǎn)短語
1. keep... to oneself 保守秘密
I have to tell someone. I cant keep it to myself.
我得找人說說,我心里憋不住。
2. in half 分成兩半
Please cut the orange in half.
請(qǐng)把這個(gè)橙子切成兩半。
(1) cut... in half 把……切成兩半
(2) divide... in half 把……分成兩半
活學(xué)活用:
1. Actually I rang you for some ____ (advice).
Could you please ____ (advice) me what to do?
2. Dont be ____ (care) about your work.
I asked her to be more ____ (care) in future.
3. The teacher was angry ____ him because he made faces in class.
A. at B. with
C. in D. about
4. Im going to make a soccer team. Can you help me ____ it?
A. keep B. play
C. organize D. join
用介詞填空。
5. I would never trust ____ what you said to me.
基本語法
if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句
1. if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的位置
if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句既可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后。位于主句前時(shí),從句與主句之間用逗號(hào)隔開;位于主句后時(shí),中間不用任何標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。
If it rains tomorrow, Ill go to school by bus.
= Ill go to school by bus if it rains tomorrow.
如果明天下雨,我就乘公交車去上學(xué)。
2. if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)
主句用一般將來時(shí),if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。
If it is hot, well go swimming.
如果天氣熱,我們就去游泳。
3. if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的省略
如果條件狀語從句由if引導(dǎo),從句的主語與主句的主語一樣,或是it,從句中又有連系動(dòng)詞be,此時(shí)條件狀語從句可以用省略形式。
Ill buy a computer if necessary.
如果有需要的話我會(huì)買一臺(tái)電腦。
4. if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換
(1) 祈使句 + and/or陳述句,該結(jié)構(gòu)中祈使句在意義上實(shí)際相當(dāng)于條件狀語從句,兩者可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換。
Use your head, and youll find a way.
= If you use your head, youll find a way.
Hurry up, or youll be late.
= If you dont hurry up, youll be late.
(2) unless意為“除非;如果不……”,表示否定條件時(shí),相當(dāng)于if...not。
Unless you study hard, you will fail the exam.
= If you dont study hard, you will fail the exam.