黎秀銀 張素芬 黎亦和
【摘要】 目的:探討改良電極固定法在新生兒長程錄像腦電圖監(jiān)測中的護(hù)理效果。方法:選取2016年4月-2018年5月本院新生兒科收治的行長程錄像腦電圖監(jiān)測新生兒168例,按照隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為觀察組和對照組,每組各84例,對照組采用傳統(tǒng)電極固定方式,觀察組采用本院自行改良的電極固定方式,比較兩組患兒電極安裝、拆卸時間,使用過程中電極脫落、移位、電極線折損數(shù)、頭皮損傷例數(shù)。結(jié)果:兩組在電極安裝、拆卸時間方面比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05);觀察組使用過程中電極脫落、移位、電極線折損數(shù)、頭皮損傷例數(shù)均低于對照組,差異均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:改良電極固定方式能夠有效減少使用過程中電極脫落、移位、電極線損傷例數(shù),對患兒頭皮損傷也有一定保護(hù)作用,值得業(yè)內(nèi)借鑒。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 腦電圖監(jiān)測; 長程錄像; 電極固定; 新生兒
【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the effect of improved electrode fixation in the monitoring of neonatal long-term video EEG.Method:A total of 168 neonates monitored by neonatal long-term video EEG in the neonatal department of our hospital from April 2016 to May 2018 were selected.They were divided in the observation group and the control group according to the random number table,84 cases in each group.The control group was given the traditional electrode fixation method,the observation group was given the self-improved electrode fixation method of our hospital.The electrode installation,disassembly time,the number of electrode drop,displacement,electrode line breakage and scalp injury during use of two groups were compared.Result:There were no significant differences in electrode installation and disassembly time between the two groups(P>0.05).The number of electrode shedding,displacement,electrode line breakage and scalp injury of two groups of the observation group were lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The improved electrode fixation method can effectively reduce the number of electrode detachment,displacement and electrode line damage during use,it also has a certain protective effect on scalp injury in children.It is worthy of reference in the industry.
【Key words】 EEG monitoring; Long-term video recording; Electrode fixation; Neonatal
First-authors address:Dongguan Peoples Hospital,Dongguan 523800,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2019.10.042
近年來長程錄像腦電圖監(jiān)測(VEEG)在新生兒缺血缺氧性腦病的早期判斷和預(yù)后評估方面得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用[1]。國內(nèi)許多研究表明,這種長程腦電圖監(jiān)測對新生兒早期缺血缺氧性腦病具有很好的預(yù)測價值,且在動態(tài)評估治療效果方面也有很好的提示作用[2-3]。VEEG的監(jiān)測需要用電極連接新生兒頭皮與VEEG放大裝置連接在一起,但是由于新生兒皮膚發(fā)育不完善,若位置固定不正確、固定不科學(xué)以及使用過程中由于新生兒活動造成電極線折損等情況均為影響腦電圖的正常判讀,且電極的異常放電也會造成患兒皮膚損傷[4]。傳統(tǒng)的固定方式是火棉膠固定電極,操作過程費時費力,且對新生兒皮膚具有刺激性作用,對于配合度差、皮膚嬌嫩的新生兒來說實施難度較大。本院總結(jié)以往經(jīng)驗形成了一種改良電極固定方式,并觀察其與傳統(tǒng)方式的優(yōu)缺點,為新生兒護(hù)理提供一定借鑒,現(xiàn)報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料 選取2016年4月-2018年5月本院收治的行長程錄像腦電圖監(jiān)測新生兒168例,納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):出生天數(shù)為1~28 d,體重2 100~4 400 g;窒息復(fù)蘇后、顱內(nèi)出血、顱內(nèi)感染、抽搐、有意識改變、膽紅素腦病、影像學(xué)提示腦發(fā)育異常、早產(chǎn)兒等,懷疑合并腦損傷者均行整幅整合腦電圖檢查;排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):存在脫水癥狀的新生兒,其他不適合納入本研究的情況。按照隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為觀察組和對照組,每組各84例,本研究經(jīng)醫(yī)院倫理委員會批準(zhǔn)。