Wu Fan

摘要：Human-oriented design is actually to deal with the form and influence of the relationship between stakeholders and design objects. The human-oriented design concept can be divided into three categories： user-centered， different levels of human needs， and individual social groups.

關鍵詞：Design ?Human-oriented ?Human

All designs are not only limited to specific users， but also affect a series of stakeholders in the process of use. It is a common form of contact generated by the users of the design and their stakeholders sharing common resources.When designing for specific users， reasonable rights of stakeholders should be avoided.A more positive approach is to provide equal treatment for users and stakeholders through design methods and protect the needs of users and the rights and interests of stakeholders. Design for stakeholders is not the subversion of user-centered design philosophy， but on the basis of the more extensive and more profound thinking of people-oriented design.When stakeholders have a relationship with and are influenced by the design through resource sharing， direct contact， energy and information transmission， they also become one of the people responsible for the design. When design faces users and stakeholders at the same time， avoidance of infringement， equal treatment and pursuit of win-win results should be the general principles from the lowest to the highest.

Even if the people - centered range， narrow to design users， is still a broad concept. Human desire for design， human nature and humanity level， the motivation of all human design stems from the desire to unsatisfied;Human-oriented higher level of human nature is directly established on the level of human desire design： emphasizing the human-machine characteristics of design， recognizing and conforming to human nature， conforming and actively promoting human social attributes and developing the human nature of design subjects; There is the way of heaven， there is the way of others， humanity is the principle of human beings， is the world's highest standards of self-cultivation and life， people is the highest level of human-oriented design， the realization of human-oriented design is the irreversible trend of modern design， its premise is the accurate positioning of people.Human desire， humanity and humanity are arranged layer by layer from the lower level to the higher level， forming a pyramid structure. The lower level is the foundation and support of the higher level， while the higher level guides and constrains the lower level. The lower the level， the shallower; The higher the level， the harder it is to achieve. The human-oriented orientation in design must start from the lower level and gradually move to the higher level. The lower level is guided by the higher level， and the lower level must follow the higher level when conflicts occur. That is， people-oriented design should first meet and better meet the needs of people， and then continue to close to the human nature and human social attributes， and ultimately achieve the ultimate concern for all human beings.

One of the tasks of design clearly defined is to bring benefits and freedom to the whole human society， individual and collective.In the process of design， the people in the design are implemented from the vague signifiers to the practical signifiers，The real users of the design are real people.Individuals cannot exist independently of the society， but only in the society can they be independent.Design may continue to play a more active role， such as as part of the mechanism of social appeal expression， interest coordination and conflict mediation， which is worthy of the expectations and efforts of all people who have high hopes on design.The unity and opposition between the individual and the society suggest that the ideal of designing for the benefit of the society can only be realized in the process of benefiting the individual. Design is also responsible for coordinating the relationship between individual interests and social development to achieve harmony and win-win.

Conclusion

As the basis of the human-oriented concept of design and even the humanistic philosophy of design， it is still worth further discussion. Should this include manufacturers， transporters， sellers and recyclers... To sum up， the people-oriented person is not a simple， abstract and rigid concept， but a rich， concrete and changing object. In order to truly achieve "people-oriented" design， we cannot stop questioning and reflection. These questions may never have the final right answer， but it is in this constant questioning and reflection that design is likely to be infinitely close to the people-oriented ideal.

Reference

[1]Zhang boqin，HUMAN NATURE，HUMAN NATURE AND LIFE，1991

[2]Gordon Wyner，TRANSFORMATION OF FUTURE MARKRTING STRATEGIES

[3]Wang shouzhi. HISTORY OF MODERN DESIGN IN THE WORLD. Beijing， China youth publishing house， 2002

[4]Wu rong，PRODUCT DESIGN POSITIONING RESEARCH，2007