宋明明
摘要? ? 鄂爾多斯市人工防雹作業(yè)期主要在每年6—9月,主要作業(yè)區(qū)域在鄂爾多斯市北部沿黃河一帶和南部烏審旗。對防雹作業(yè)效果一直難以有效客觀評判。本文采用物理效果檢驗法對2016年7月3日烏審旗防雹作業(yè)過程進行效果檢驗。選取雷達回波參數(shù)中的回波強度、回波頂高、強回波高度、垂直累計液態(tài)含水量和強回波面積5個雷達回波參數(shù),對比作業(yè)前、后雷達回波參數(shù)的變化,結(jié)合防雹作業(yè)點的用彈量和作業(yè)時機綜合分析防雹作業(yè)效果。結(jié)果表明,作業(yè)后的雷達回波強度下降了8%,強回波高度下降了22%,垂直累計液態(tài)水含量下降了35%,有效抑制了冰雹云的發(fā)展。但之后的2次作業(yè)用彈量偏少,效果不明顯,冰雹云有所增強。
關(guān)鍵詞? ? 物理效果檢驗;冰雹雷達回波參數(shù);內(nèi)蒙古鄂爾多斯
中圖分類號? ? P482? ? ? ? 文獻標識碼? ? A
文章編號? ?1007-5739(2019)22-0145-02? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?開放科學(資源服務(wù))標識碼(OSID)
Abstract? ? The artificial hailstorm prevention in Ordos City mainly takes place from June to September every year,the main operating areas is along the Yellow River and the Uxin Qi in the south of Erdos City. So it is difficult to evaluate the hail prevention effect effectively and objectively. In this paper,the physical effect analysis method was used to analyze the hail prevention effect on July 3,2016. Selected 5 radar parameters including echo intensity,echo peak height,strong echo height,liquid moisture content and strong echo area,by comparing the changes of radar echo parameters before,during and after the operation,the hail prevention effect was analyzed by combining the bomb quantity at the operation point. The results showed that the radar echo intensity decreased by 8%,the height of strong echo decreased by 22%,and the vertical accumulative liquid water content decreased by 35% Which could effectively inhibite the development of hail cloud. But less amount of ammunition was used in the following two operations,the effect was not obvious,the hailstorm cloud was enhanced.
Key words? ? physical effect test;hail radar echo parameters;Erdos Inner Mongolia
1? ? 過程概述
2016年7月3日下午,鄂爾多斯市受短波槽影響,烏審旗境內(nèi)出現(xiàn)冰雹天氣。如圖1所示,7月2日的內(nèi)蒙古人影中心MM5人影模式產(chǎn)品顯示烏審旗云含水量達0.3~0.7 g/kg,3日13:00后,鄂爾多斯市西部地區(qū)有對流云產(chǎn)生并不斷發(fā)展。其中烏審旗防雹作業(yè)點共計作業(yè)23次,發(fā)射37 mm炮彈606發(fā),但部分地區(qū)仍受到不同程度的雹災。據(jù)民政部門的受災統(tǒng)計資料,烏審旗當天降雹最大直徑達2 cm,持續(xù)時間30 min。
2? ? 防雹物理效果檢驗
基于天氣雷達探測的物理檢驗技術(shù)方法[1]:通過對作業(yè)前、后作業(yè)單元和經(jīng)過相對客觀、科學選取的對比單元的雷達回波物理參量的時間序列進行對比分析,得到催化作業(yè)的物理證據(jù),目前主要用于單次作業(yè)過程的效果檢驗。利用鄂爾多斯市人工影響天氣三維決策指揮系統(tǒng),對作業(yè)前、后提取固定的5個雷達回波參數(shù)[2],對比分析作業(yè)前、后的雷達回波參數(shù)變化量,檢驗防雹作業(yè)效果。
2.1? ? 作業(yè)前雹云回波參數(shù)變化