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      擬穴青蟹致病性副溶血弧菌分離鑒定及藥敏試驗(yàn)

      2020-02-22 11:20陳小龍程長(zhǎng)洪鄧益琴馬紅玲蘇友祿馮娟郭志勛
      關(guān)鍵詞:分離鑒定藥敏試驗(yàn)致病性

      陳小龍 程長(zhǎng)洪 鄧益琴 馬紅玲 蘇友祿 馮娟 郭志勛

      摘要:【目的】確定引起擬穴青蟹發(fā)病死亡的病原菌,并了解其致病性及藥敏特性,為該病的臨床診斷及科學(xué)防控提供理論依據(jù),同時(shí)為保障擬穴青蟹養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的健康發(fā)展打下基礎(chǔ)?!痉椒ā坎捎贸R?guī)細(xì)菌分離純化方法從患病擬穴青蟹的病料組織中分離優(yōu)勢(shì)菌株,通過形態(tài)特征觀察、生理生化特性鑒定及16S rDNA序列分析進(jìn)行分類學(xué)鑒定,并進(jìn)行人工感染試驗(yàn)、組織病理學(xué)觀察及藥敏特性分析?!窘Y(jié)果】從患病擬穴青蟹肝胰腺中分離得到1株優(yōu)勢(shì)菌株(編號(hào)NS1SP18),菌株NS1SP18感染擬穴青蟹48 h的半數(shù)致死劑量(LD50)為3.18×104 CFU/g,感染發(fā)病擬穴青蟹呈現(xiàn)出多體液、偶有黑鰓及肝胰腺暗黃等癥狀,與自然發(fā)病擬穴青蟹的癥狀相似。綜合菌株NS1SP18的形態(tài)特征、生理生化特性及16S rDNA序列分析結(jié)果,可鑒定為副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahemolyticus)?;疾M穴青蟹的肝胰腺細(xì)胞發(fā)生變性;心肌纖維腫大,細(xì)胞壞死,有血淋巴浸潤(rùn);網(wǎng)狀鰓腔結(jié)構(gòu)消失,脫落細(xì)胞阻塞鰓腔;肌纖維形變、斷裂,局部壞死。菌株NS1SP18對(duì)氟苯尼考、恩諾沙星、四環(huán)素、多四環(huán)素、諾氟沙星、復(fù)方新諾明和慶大霉素等7種抗生素敏感,對(duì)麥迪霉素、萬古霉素和阿莫西林已產(chǎn)生耐藥性;對(duì)訶子、烏梅、蘇木和八角茴香等4味中藥極敏,對(duì)地榆、女貞子、山楂、五倍子、黃連、半枝蓮、赤芍和救必應(yīng)等8味中藥高敏,對(duì)應(yīng)的最小抑菌濃度(MIC)為7.81~31.25 mg/mL,最小殺菌濃度(MBC)為15.62~125.00 mg/mL?!窘Y(jié)論】從患病擬穴青蟹分離獲得的副溶血弧菌具有較強(qiáng)致病性,能造成嚴(yán)重的組織損傷而導(dǎo)致擬穴青蟹發(fā)病死亡。在擬穴青蟹養(yǎng)殖生產(chǎn)中,可適度選用氟苯尼考和恩諾沙星等抗生素抑制副溶血弧菌病暴發(fā)流行,或以訶子、烏梅、蘇木和八角茴香等中藥進(jìn)行副溶血弧菌病防治。

      關(guān)鍵詞: 擬穴青蟹;副溶血弧菌;分離鑒定;致病性;組織病理變化;藥敏試驗(yàn)

      中圖分類號(hào): S945.6 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼: A 文章編號(hào):2095-1191(2020)11-2846-10

      Isolation,identification and drug sensitivity of pathogenic Vibrio parahemolyticus of mud crab(Scylla paramamosain)

      CHEN Xiao-long1,2, CHENG Chang-hong2, DENG Yi-qin2, MA Hong-ling2,

      SU You-lu3, FENG Juan2, GUO Zhi-xun2*

      (1Shanghai Ocean University/Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education/National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education/National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai ?201306, China; 2Tropical Fisheries Research and Development Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Development and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou ?510300, China; 3Guangdong Water Environment and Aquatic Product Safety Engineering Technology Research Center/College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou ?510225, China)

      Abstract: 【Objective】Identified a pathogenic strain that caused the death of Scylla paramamosain and clarified its pathogenicity and drug sensitivity in order to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical diagnosis and scientific prevention and control of Scylla paramamosain disease, and lay a foundation for the healthy development of the S. paramamosain breeding industry. 【Method】The dominant strain was isolated from naturally infected S. paramamosain by conventional bacterial isolation and purification methods. Then, it was identified by the morphological observation, biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. In addition, artificial infection test, histopathological observation and drug sensitivity analysis were performed. 【Result】A dominant strain(numbered as NS1SP18) was isolated from the hepatopancreas of di-seased S. paramamosain. The median lethal dose(LD50) of strain NS1SP18 infected with S. paramamosain for 48 h was 3.18×104 CFU/g. The artificial infected S. paramamosain showed symptoms of multi-body fluid, occasional black gills, dark yellow hepatopancreas, which were similar to the naturally infected S. paramamosain. According to the morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, it was identified as Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The diseased crabs showed degenerated hepatocytes, swelled myocardial muscle fibers and necrotic cells, and infiltrated hemolymph. Additionally, the structure of the reticular gill cavity were disappeared, and the exfoliated cells blocked the gill cavity; muscle fiber filaments were deformed, broken, and localized necrosis. The NS1SP18 was sensitive to florfenicol, enrofloxacin, tetracycline, doxycycline, norfloxacin, cotrimoxazole, and gentamicin, and resistant to midecamycin, vancomycin, and amoxicillin. Further, the NS1SP18 was extremely sensitive to four kinds of Chinese herbal medicines, including Terminalia chebula,F(xiàn)ructus mume,Caesalpinia sappan linn,and Illi-cium verum, and highly sensitive to eight kinds of Chinese herbal medicines, including Sanguisorba officinalis, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Crataegus pinnatifida, Rhus chinensis, Coptis chinensis, Scutellaria barbat, Radix paeoniae rubra, Ilicis rotundae cortex. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) was 7.81-31.25 mg/mL, and the(minimum bactericidal concentration) MBC was 15.62-125.00 mg/mL. 【Conclusion】The V. parahaemolyticus strain NS1SP18 isolated from diseased crabs is highly pathogenic which causes serious tissue damage and leads to the deathof S. paramamosain. In the breeding of S. paramamosain,antibiotics such as florfenicol and enrofloxacin can be used to suppress the outbreak of V. parahaemolyticus, or Chinese herbal medicines such as T. chebula,F(xiàn). Ligustri Lucidi,C. sappan linn,and I. verum can be used for V. parahaemolyticus disease prevention.

      Key words: Scylla paramamosain; Vibrio parahemolyticu; isolation and identification; pathogenicity; histopathological changes; drug sensitivity test

      Foundation item: Special Project of National Shrimp and Crab Industry Technology System Construction(CARS-48); Guangdong Marine Fishery Science and Technology Promotion Special Project(A201701B01); General Project of Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(2019A1515011548)

      0 引言

      【研究意義】擬穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)俗稱青蟹,隸屬于梭子蟹科(Portunidae)青蟹屬(Scy-lla),是我國(guó)東南沿海地區(qū)主要的養(yǎng)殖品種之一(Ye et al.,2011)。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),2018年我國(guó)青蟹產(chǎn)量達(dá)15.77萬t,其產(chǎn)值超過200億元(農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部漁業(yè)漁政管理局等,2019)。隨著養(yǎng)殖規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大,擬穴青蟹養(yǎng)殖環(huán)境持續(xù)惡化,各種疾病頻繁發(fā)生(毛芝娟和卓華龍,2001;丁朋曉,2007;彭銀輝等,2012;張迪等,2013;劉順等,2014),其中弧菌(Vibrio)是引起海水蟹細(xì)菌性疾病的主要病原菌之一(陳華,2007;Weng et al.,2010;彭慧婧等,2012;周俊芳等,2014)。因此,加強(qiáng)擬穴青蟹弧菌病原研究,對(duì)確保其產(chǎn)業(yè)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展具有重要意義?!厩叭搜芯窟M(jìn)展】弧菌是海水養(yǎng)殖環(huán)境中的常見優(yōu)勢(shì)細(xì)菌類群,其中副溶血弧菌(V. parahemolyticus)是水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖過程中最常見的條件性致病菌(李毅財(cái)?shù)龋?012;畢水蓮等,2017)。副溶血弧菌隸屬于弧菌科(Vibrionaceae)弧菌屬(Vibrio),為革蘭氏陰性短桿菌(Mohamad et al.,2019),于1950年在調(diào)查食物中毒事件中首次發(fā)現(xiàn),1963年正式命名為副溶血弧菌(Shinoda,2011)。Letchumanan等(2015)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)副溶血弧菌可引發(fā)人體流行性腸胃炎。此后,副溶血弧菌在水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖業(yè)中暴發(fā)流行。Dong等(2016)對(duì)從湖北某養(yǎng)殖區(qū)患病克氏原螯蝦(Procambarus clarkii)體內(nèi)分離獲得副溶血弧菌,并進(jìn)行多位點(diǎn)序列分型和毒力基因篩選;郝景偉等(2019)利用分子生物學(xué)檢測(cè)方法對(duì)山東某養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)患病的三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)進(jìn)行病原檢測(cè),結(jié)果顯示樣品擴(kuò)增序列與致病副溶血弧菌質(zhì)粒pirAvp毒力基因片段具有99%的相似性;劉杰等(2019)從廣西凡納濱對(duì)蝦(Litopenaeus vannamei)體內(nèi)分離出67株副溶血弧菌,與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)副溶血弧菌的相似度均在98.8%以上。此外,有研究證實(shí)副溶血弧菌對(duì)水生生物具有較強(qiáng)的致病性(閻斌倫等,2010;Soto-Rodriguez et al.,2015)。閻斌倫等(2010)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),以3×107 CFU/mL副溶血弧菌JGX080708-1菌株浸泡或注射三疣梭子蟹,其死亡率均達(dá)100%;Soto-Rodrigue等(2015)研究證實(shí),以8.10×106 CFU/mL副溶血弧菌M09-04菌株感染凡納濱對(duì)蝦21 h可全部致死;賈丹(2017)研究表明,副溶血弧菌對(duì)凡納濱對(duì)蝦具有較強(qiáng)的致病性,浸泡感染的半數(shù)致死劑量(LD50)為7.96×103 CFU/mL;黃倞等(2019)研究證實(shí),副溶血弧菌感染凡納濱對(duì)蝦48 h的LD50為1.73×103~1.32×105 CFU/mL;李妍等(2019)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),副溶血弧菌人工感染斑馬魚的LD50約為5.00×105 CFU/尾,使用劑量達(dá)5.00×107 CFU/尾時(shí)其死亡率達(dá)100%。【本研究切入點(diǎn)】副溶血弧菌作為水生生物致病菌已有較多研究報(bào)道(Abdel-Aziz et al.,2013;Liu et al.,2017;郝景偉等,2019),但在廣東地區(qū)鮮見副溶血弧菌感染擬穴青蟹發(fā)病的相關(guān)報(bào)道。2018年廣東省廣州市南沙某養(yǎng)殖區(qū)的擬穴青蟹突然發(fā)病,其臨床癥狀主要表現(xiàn)為反應(yīng)遲鈍、活動(dòng)乏力、步足關(guān)節(jié)處肌肉呈乳白色,剖檢可見多體液、肝胰腺暗黃及偶有黑鰓等病理變化。因此,急需明確其發(fā)病原因并采取有效的防治措施,以確保廣東省擬穴青蟹養(yǎng)殖業(yè)健康發(fā)展?!緮M解決的關(guān)鍵問題】對(duì)患病擬穴青蟹進(jìn)行病原菌分離鑒定,通過人工感染、組織病理學(xué)分析和藥敏試驗(yàn)確定其致病性及藥敏特性,為該病的臨床診斷及科學(xué)防控提供理論依據(jù),同時(shí)為保障擬穴青蟹養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的健康發(fā)展打下基礎(chǔ)。

      1 材料與方法

      1. 1 試驗(yàn)材料

      患病擬穴青蟹于2018年8月采自廣東省廣州市南沙養(yǎng)殖區(qū);健康擬穴青蟹購(gòu)自廣東江門五邑平家海鮮批發(fā)市場(chǎng),平均體重約50.0 g/只,經(jīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室暫養(yǎng)7 d后選擇健康、無損傷、活力強(qiáng)的個(gè)體用于人工感染試驗(yàn)。采集患病和健康擬穴青蟹的肝胰腺、心臟、鰓組織及肌肉,以4%多聚甲醛固定液固定24 h后更換為70%乙醇長(zhǎng)期保存。MH瓊脂培養(yǎng)基、硫代硫酸鹽檸檬酸鹽膽鹽蔗糖瓊脂(TCBS)培養(yǎng)基、營(yíng)養(yǎng)肉湯(NB)培養(yǎng)基、革蘭氏染色試劑盒及弧菌科細(xì)菌生化鑒定試劑盒購(gòu)自廣東環(huán)凱生物科技有限公司;細(xì)菌基因組DNA提取試劑盒、DL2000 Plue DNA Marker和2×Taq Master Mix購(gòu)自TaKaRa公司;西藥藥敏紙片購(gòu)自杭州天和微生物試劑有限公司;中藥購(gòu)自珠海斗門信康大藥房。

      1. 2 病原菌分離與純化

      對(duì)患病擬穴青蟹進(jìn)行寄生蟲鏡檢及青蟹呼腸孤病毒(MCRV)和青蟹雙順反子病毒(MCDV)檢測(cè)均呈陰性。在超凈臺(tái)上以無菌接種環(huán)蘸取患病擬穴青蟹肝胰腺樣品,涂布于MH瓊脂培養(yǎng)基和TCBS培養(yǎng)基上,28 ℃恒溫培養(yǎng)24 h。觀察計(jì)數(shù)后,挑取優(yōu)勢(shì)單菌落進(jìn)行純化培養(yǎng);對(duì)純化菌株進(jìn)行革蘭氏染色,并以甘油保種,置于-80 ℃冰箱保存?zhèn)溆谩?/p>

      1. 3 人工感染試驗(yàn)

      將健康擬穴青蟹隨機(jī)分成7組(6個(gè)感染組和1個(gè)對(duì)照組),每組3個(gè)平行,每個(gè)平行10只擬穴青蟹。以肌肉注射方式進(jìn)行人工感染,菌懸液濃度分別為2×104、2×105、2×106、2×107、2×108和2×109 CFU/mL,即感染濃度分別為4×102、4×103、4×104、4×105、4×106和4×107 CFU/g,試驗(yàn)組分別注射100 μL不同濃度的菌懸液,對(duì)照組注射等量的無菌生理鹽水。每天記錄各組擬穴青蟹的發(fā)病及死亡情況,并對(duì)瀕死擬穴青蟹進(jìn)行剖檢和病原菌再次分離鑒定;使用SPSS 19.0計(jì)算病原菌對(duì)擬穴青蟹的LD50。

      1. 4 病原菌鑒定

      將純化培養(yǎng)的菌落接種至MH瓊脂培養(yǎng)基上,28 ℃恒溫培養(yǎng)24 h后,按照弧菌科細(xì)菌生化鑒定試劑盒說明進(jìn)行鑒定。將純化菌株接種到NB液體培養(yǎng)基中,28 ℃下200 r/min恒溫?fù)u床上培養(yǎng)24 h,然后根據(jù)細(xì)菌基因組DNA提取試劑盒說明提取DNA。參照王云新和彭華林(2014)的方法,以細(xì)菌通用引物8F(5'-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3')和1942R(5'-GGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3')擴(kuò)增純化菌株的16S rDNA序列。PCR反應(yīng)體系25.0 μL:2×Taq PCR Master Mix 12.5 μL,10 mmol/L正、反向引物各1.0 μL,DNA模板2.0 μL,無菌ddH2O 8.5 μL。擴(kuò)增程序:94 ℃預(yù)變性3 min;94 ℃ 15 s,55 ℃ 15 s,72 ℃ 1 min,進(jìn)行30個(gè)循環(huán);72 ℃延伸5 min。PCR擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物經(jīng)1.0%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳檢測(cè)后,送至廣州天一輝遠(yuǎn)基因科技有限公司進(jìn)行測(cè)序。將測(cè)序獲得的目的序列與NCBI數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的已知核酸序列進(jìn)行BLAST比對(duì)分析,并采用MEGA 6.0中的鄰接法(Neighbor-joining,NJ)構(gòu)建系統(tǒng)發(fā)育進(jìn)化樹。

      1. 5 組織病理學(xué)觀察

      取出保存好的擬穴青蟹組織樣品,根據(jù)組織學(xué)分析方法制作病理切片(Zhang et al.,2014)。利用TP1020自動(dòng)脫水機(jī)進(jìn)行脫水、透明及浸蠟;然后以ES-500組織包埋機(jī)進(jìn)行石蠟包埋,Leica輪式切片機(jī)進(jìn)行切片,Autostainer XL自動(dòng)染色機(jī)進(jìn)行蘇木精—伊紅(HE)染色;經(jīng)中性樹膠封片后在Olympus BX51顯微鏡下進(jìn)行觀察。

      1. 6 藥敏試驗(yàn)

      1. 6. 1 菌懸液制備 取出甘油凍存的分離菌株,接種至MH瓊脂培養(yǎng)基上,28 ℃恒溫培養(yǎng)箱培養(yǎng)24 h后挑取單菌落接種至3 mL已滅菌的NB培養(yǎng)基中,28 ℃下200 r/min恒溫培養(yǎng)12 h。采用平板菌落計(jì)數(shù)法確定菌懸液濃度,并以無菌生理鹽水將其稀釋至2×107 CFU/mL,備用。

      1. 6. 2 抗生素藥敏試驗(yàn) 根據(jù)美國(guó)臨床實(shí)驗(yàn)室標(biāo)準(zhǔn)委員會(huì)(CLSI)推薦的抗菌藥物敏感性試驗(yàn)執(zhí)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn),采用K-B紙片擴(kuò)散法進(jìn)行藥敏試驗(yàn),并根據(jù)杭州天和微生物試劑有限公司《紙片藥敏試驗(yàn)抑菌圈直徑判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》判定分離菌株對(duì)氟苯尼考等12種抗生素的敏感性。

      1. 6. 3 中藥藥敏試驗(yàn) 將訶子等25味中藥超微粉碎后過80目篩,稱取100 g藥粉,用紗布包裹,浸泡過夜,置于全自動(dòng)煎藥壺中煎煮3次,合并藥液并定容至100.0 mL,濃度為1 g/mL。高壓蒸汽滅菌15 min,4 ℃保存。中藥藥敏試驗(yàn)參照馬緒榮和蘇德模(2000)的方法稍作改動(dòng):取0.1 mL菌懸液均勻涂布在MH瓊脂培養(yǎng)基上,用直徑6 mm的無菌打孔器在培養(yǎng)基上垂直打孔,每孔加入150.0 μL藥液,每味藥設(shè)3個(gè)平行,28 ℃培養(yǎng)24 h,采用十字交叉法測(cè)定抑菌圈。根據(jù)抑菌圈直徑判斷分離菌株對(duì)中藥的敏感性,判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(曹紅峰等,2007):平均抑菌圈直徑≥20 mm為極敏;15 mm≤平均抑菌圈直徑<20 mm為高敏;10 mm≤平均抑菌圈直徑<15 mm為中敏;平均抑菌圈直徑<10 mm為低敏。采用微量二倍稀釋法測(cè)定最小抑菌濃度(MIC)和最小殺菌濃度(MBC)(馬緒榮和蘇德模,2000)。在黑色背景光源下觀察孔內(nèi)細(xì)菌的生長(zhǎng)情況,彌漫性渾濁則有菌生長(zhǎng),澄清透明則細(xì)菌生長(zhǎng)受抑制;無細(xì)菌生長(zhǎng)的各孔中,濃度最低者即為MIC。從無細(xì)菌生長(zhǎng)的各孔中移出20.0 μL液體,均勻涂布在NB培養(yǎng)基上,28 ℃培養(yǎng)24 h,觀察有無菌落生長(zhǎng);無菌落生長(zhǎng)的最低藥物濃度即為MBC。

      2 結(jié)果與分析

      2. 1 病原菌分離情況

      從患病擬穴青蟹肝胰腺中分離得到1株優(yōu)勢(shì)菌株,編號(hào)NS1SP18。菌株NS1SP18在TCBS培養(yǎng)基上的菌落呈圓形、綠色、半透明、表面光滑、邊緣整齊,菌落直徑在3 mm左右;菌株NS1SP18在MH瓊脂培養(yǎng)基上的菌落偏黃、較大。光學(xué)顯微鏡下觀察為革蘭氏陰性菌(圖1-A);掃描電鏡下觀察,菌體呈桿狀結(jié)構(gòu),大小約0.87 μm×2.69 μm(圖1-B)。

      2. 2 人工感染試驗(yàn)結(jié)果

      人工感染試驗(yàn)結(jié)果如圖2所示。當(dāng)菌懸液濃度為4×106 CFU/g時(shí),感染擬穴青蟹48 h的死亡率為100%;菌懸液濃度為4×102 CFU/g時(shí),其死亡率為0。試驗(yàn)期間,對(duì)照組擬穴青蟹無發(fā)病死亡現(xiàn)象。根據(jù)SPSS 19.0計(jì)算,菌株NS1SP18感染擬穴青蟹48 h的LD50為3.18×104 CFU/g。臨床剖檢發(fā)現(xiàn),感染組發(fā)病擬穴青蟹呈現(xiàn)出多體液、偶有黑鰓(圖3-A)、肝胰腺暗黃(圖3-B)等癥狀,與自然發(fā)病擬穴青蟹的癥狀相似(圖3-C)。從感染組發(fā)病擬穴青蟹肝胰腺中再次分離到與菌株NS1SP18生理生化特性一致的菌株。

      2. 3 病原菌鑒定結(jié)果

      由表1可知,菌株NS1SP18的生理生化特性與副溶血弧菌的基本一致,參照《常見細(xì)菌系統(tǒng)鑒定手冊(cè)》《伯杰細(xì)菌鑒定手冊(cè)》及弧菌科細(xì)菌生化鑒定試劑盒說明,初步鑒定為副溶血弧菌。PCR擴(kuò)增獲得菌株NS1SP18的16S rDNA序列片段為1446 bp,目的序列在NCBI數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中進(jìn)行BLAST比對(duì)分析,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)菌株NS1SP18與GenBank已公布副溶血弧菌參考菌株的16S rDNA序列相似性均在99.00%以上(表2)。選取16S rDNA序列相似性較高的弧菌構(gòu)建系統(tǒng)發(fā)育進(jìn)化樹,結(jié)果顯示菌株NS1SP18與副溶血弧菌聚為一支(圖4)。

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      (責(zé)任編輯 蘭宗寶)

      收稿日期:2020-01-16

      基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家蝦蟹產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項(xiàng)(CARS-48);廣東省海洋漁業(yè)科技推廣專項(xiàng)(A201701B01);廣東省自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(2019A1515011548)

      作者簡(jiǎn)介:*為通訊作者,郭志勛(1970-),博士,研究員,主要從事水產(chǎn)病害防治研究工作,E-mail:guozhixun1@163.com。陳小龍(1995-),研究方向?yàn)榍嘈凡『Ψ乐危珽-mail:chenxiaolong361@163.com

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