李文娟 梅家平 楊勇
[摘要] 目的 探究NF-κBIA基因多態(tài)性與新生兒細(xì)菌性腦膜炎易感性的關(guān)系。 方法 選取2016年3月~2019年3月南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬深圳婦幼保健院新生兒科收治的新生兒211例,其中新生兒腦膜炎患者67例為病例組,正常新生兒69名為對(duì)照組,非腦膜炎炎性發(fā)熱新生兒75例為發(fā)熱組。采用Sanger法測(cè)序,通過(guò)PCR擴(kuò)增,對(duì)NF-κBIA基因的2個(gè)SNP位點(diǎn)(rs3138053、rs2233406)進(jìn)行基因分型。觀察NF-κBIA基因多態(tài)性與新生兒細(xì)菌性腦膜炎的易感相關(guān)性。 結(jié)果 三組新生兒rs3138053、rs2233406位點(diǎn)的期望值和觀察值吻合度良好,均符合哈迪溫伯格平衡(P > 0.05)。rs3138053位點(diǎn)的基因型頻率與新生兒細(xì)菌型腦膜炎易感性存在相關(guān)性(P < 0.05)。 結(jié)論 NF-κBIA基因多態(tài)性與新生兒細(xì)菌性腦膜炎易感性相關(guān)。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 新生兒細(xì)菌性腦膜炎;NF-κBIA基因;單核苷酸多態(tài)性;基因型
[中圖分類號(hào)] R742.6? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1673-7210(2020)02(c)-0019-04
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the relationship between NF-κBIA gene polymorphism and neonatal bacterial meningitis susceptibility. Methods From March 2016 to March 2019, 211 cases admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University. Among them, 67 cases of neonatal meningitis were in the case group, 69 normal neonates were in the control group, and 75 cases with non-meningitis inflammatory febrile neonates were in the fever group. Two SNP sites (rs3138053 and rs2233406) of NF-κBIA gene were genotyped by PCR amplification using Sanger sequencing. The genotype sequencing results of different sites and the susceptibility analysis of neonates bacterial meningitis were observed. Results rs3138053 and rs2233406 were in good agreement with the expected value and the observed value in three groups, which were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). rs3138053 was correlated with the susceptibility of neonatal bacterial meningitis (P < 0.05). Conclusion NF-κBIA gene polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to neonatal bacterial meningitis.
[Key words] Neonatal bacterial meningitis; NF-κBIA gene; Single nucleotide polymorphism; Genotype
新生兒腦膜炎是一種以感染引起的腦膜炎癥為特征的疾病,通常發(fā)生在生命的前28 d。新生兒細(xì)菌性腦膜炎(neonatal bacterial meningitis,NBM)的發(fā)病率為(0.25~1)/1000活產(chǎn)嬰兒,其中大約25%的新生兒患有菌血癥[1],其病死率和后遺癥發(fā)生率高[2]。核因子-κB(NF-κB)是新近研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的一組經(jīng)典炎癥信號(hào)通路中與炎性反應(yīng)相關(guān)的基因,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)NF-κB基因的表達(dá)與細(xì)菌性腦膜炎的發(fā)生關(guān)系密切, 由NF-κBIA編碼的IkBa是NF-κB活性的重要抑制劑[3-4]。單核苷酸多態(tài)性(SNP)是人類遺傳學(xué)變異中最常見(jiàn)的一種。目前尚沒(méi)有NF-κBIA基因多態(tài)性與新生兒細(xì)菌性腦膜炎相關(guān)研究,本研究旨在探討新生兒NF-κBIA基因多態(tài)性與新生兒細(xì)菌性腦膜炎易感性的關(guān)系。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
采用病例-對(duì)照研究方法,收集2016年3月~2019年3月南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬深圳婦幼保健院(以下簡(jiǎn)稱“我院”)新生兒科住院的足月新生兒,其中腦膜炎新生兒67例為病例組,正常新生兒69名為對(duì)照組,非腦膜炎炎性發(fā)熱[5]新生兒75例為發(fā)熱組。對(duì)照組,男27例,女42例;孕齡37~41周,平均(39.1±1.2)周;出生體重2900~3900 g,平均(3333.2±437.9)g。發(fā)熱組,男32例,女43例;孕齡37~41周,平均(38.8±1.6)周;出生體重2900~3900 g,平均(3324.3±547.1)g。病例組男26例,女41例;孕齡37~41周,平均(38.7±1.6)周;出生體重2900~3900 g,平均(3243.5±678.1)g。三組一般資料比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P > 0.05),具有可比性。本研究經(jīng)我院醫(yī)學(xué)倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn),參與研究患兒家屬均簽署知情同意。
納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):符合第5版《實(shí)用新生兒學(xué)》[6]新生兒細(xì)菌性腦膜炎的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),患兒納入病例組。因“發(fā)熱”入院,經(jīng)檢查為細(xì)菌性炎癥但非腦膜炎的患兒納入發(fā)熱組。因各種原因(包括家長(zhǎng)因素)入院,經(jīng)臨床及實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查無(wú)病理情況的患兒納入正常組。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①新生兒窒息或缺血缺氧性腦病等神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病;②遺傳代謝性疾病者;③免疫缺陷病者;④內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)疾病者;⑤先天性心臟病。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 標(biāo)本采集及模板DNA提取? 采取受試者靜脈血1 mL,乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)抗凝,全血基因組DNA提取試劑盒[上海生工生物科技有限公司(以下簡(jiǎn)稱“生工生物”),批號(hào):B518253]抽提DNA。
1.2.2 SNP位點(diǎn)的選取? 根據(jù)NCBI網(wǎng)站Genebank數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)已公布的NF-κBIA基因序列,選取2個(gè)已知炎癥相關(guān)的SNP位點(diǎn)即rs3138053、rs2233406。
1.2.3 引物設(shè)計(jì)與合成? 采用primer 5.0軟件結(jié)合文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行引物設(shè)計(jì)。聚合酶鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)(PCR)引物設(shè)計(jì)完成后,交由生工生物合成引物。PCR引物及擴(kuò)增片段長(zhǎng)度見(jiàn)表1。
表1? ?PCR引物及擴(kuò)增片段長(zhǎng)度
1.2.4 PCR? 以cDNA為模板,使用熒光定量試劑盒(美國(guó)ABCAM公司,批號(hào):ab460332)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR反應(yīng);PCR產(chǎn)物純化回收試劑盒(生工生物,批號(hào):B518141)回收PCR產(chǎn)物。構(gòu)成20 μL標(biāo)準(zhǔn)反應(yīng)體系,特定條件下上機(jī)電泳,result group中尋找結(jié)果,并用sequence analysis軟件進(jìn)行分析。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
采用SPSS 21.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件及Haploview 4.2軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析,基因型頻率采用基因計(jì)數(shù)法計(jì)算,等位基因頻率分布用百分率(%)表示,組間頻率比較采用χ2檢驗(yàn);以P < 0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。利用哈迪-溫伯格遺傳平衡定律檢驗(yàn)病例組、發(fā)熱組及對(duì)照組是否具有群體代表性,P > 0.05為基因型頻的總體分布符合平衡定律。
2 結(jié)果
2.1 DNA提取及NF-κBIA基因引物電泳結(jié)果
結(jié)果顯示DNA完整無(wú)降解,見(jiàn)圖1。NF-κBIA基因的2個(gè)SNP位點(diǎn)表達(dá)顯著,見(jiàn)圖2。
2.2 基因型測(cè)序結(jié)果
rs3138053位點(diǎn)基因型測(cè)序結(jié)果為AG、AA、GG;rs2233406位點(diǎn)基因型測(cè)序結(jié)果為CT、CC、TT。見(jiàn)圖3~4。
2.3 哈迪-溫伯格平衡檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果
2個(gè)SNP位點(diǎn)在病例組、發(fā)熱組及對(duì)照組中的觀察值和期望值吻合度良好,均符合哈迪-溫伯格平衡定律(P > 0.05)。見(jiàn)表2。
2.4 基因型頻率分布比較結(jié)果
rs3138053位點(diǎn)中三組基因型頻率比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。rs2233406位點(diǎn)中三組基因型比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P > 0.05)。見(jiàn)表3。
3 討論
新生兒細(xì)菌性腦膜炎發(fā)病率日益升高,是導(dǎo)致新生兒出現(xiàn)后遺癥或死亡的主要疾病之一[7]。NF-κB定位于染色體4q24區(qū)域,NF-κB1基因是一種編碼了105 kD大小的蛋白,參與調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)體炎性反應(yīng)、免疫應(yīng)答、氧化應(yīng)激以及細(xì)胞凋亡等多種生理和病理過(guò)程[8-10]。
NF-κB通路的激活是細(xì)菌性腦膜炎發(fā)生的重要特征之一,其在介導(dǎo)大腸桿菌K1菌株(E. coli K1)侵襲人腦微血管內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞及多核中性粒細(xì)胞遷移穿過(guò)血腦屏障中發(fā)揮了重要作用[11-12],NF-κB信號(hào)通路激活,促進(jìn)中性粒細(xì)胞中MRP8/14的釋放,增強(qiáng)肺炎球菌性腦膜炎小鼠炎性反應(yīng)[13]。在細(xì)菌性腦膜炎小鼠模型中,攜帶NF-κB1 ATTG1/ATTG1多態(tài)性位點(diǎn)的小鼠,其神經(jīng)炎癥和神經(jīng)細(xì)胞凋亡減少[14],并藉此抑制E. coli K1的侵襲和中性粒細(xì)胞遷移。NF-κB調(diào)節(jié)實(shí)驗(yàn)性肺炎鏈球菌腦膜炎中的腦源性神經(jīng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)因子(BDNF),可能為肺炎鏈球菌腦膜炎提供潛在的治療靶點(diǎn)[15]。Western blot結(jié)果顯示,細(xì)菌性腦膜炎患者集落刺激因子NF-κB基因多態(tài)性SNP位點(diǎn)rs2233406活性高于無(wú)菌性腦膜炎患者,在癌性腦膜炎中幾乎不被激活[16]。腦膜炎患者腦脊液(CSF)細(xì)胞中NF-κB活化傾向于與白細(xì)胞介素-6濃度相關(guān)[17-19]。NF-κB基因及其單核苷酸多態(tài)性位點(diǎn)的攜帶在細(xì)菌性腦膜炎疾病發(fā)生及演變中發(fā)揮重要作用。近年來(lái)研究顯示[20-24],NF-κBIA基因包含多個(gè)SNP位點(diǎn),如-881 A/G(rs3138053)、-826 C>T(rs2233406)、-297 C/T(rs2233409)、3′UTR A>G(rs696),其差別多態(tài)性基因與類風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎病、潰瘍性結(jié)腸炎、炎癥性腸病、多發(fā)性硬化癥、帕金森病、以及1型糖尿病等許多慢性炎癥性疾病易感性相關(guān)。本研究結(jié)果顯示,NF-κBIA基因SNP位點(diǎn)rs3138053與新生兒細(xì)菌性腦膜炎發(fā)病相關(guān),結(jié)果與Baldwin等[25]研究一致。rs2233406(C/C)在病例組中出現(xiàn)的頻率高于對(duì)照組,提示患兒與健康新生兒可能存在基因多態(tài)性的表達(dá)差異。
綜上所述,NF-κBIA基因多態(tài)性對(duì)新生兒細(xì)菌性腦膜炎可能存在較強(qiáng)相關(guān)性,對(duì)了解新生兒腦膜炎的發(fā)生及疑似患兒的篩檢等方面有積極意義。因此,在探究NF-κBIA基因多態(tài)性與新生兒細(xì)菌型腦膜炎的相關(guān)性時(shí),嚴(yán)格設(shè)計(jì)、進(jìn)一步選擇多中心的大樣本,檢測(cè)覆蓋更多不同基因區(qū)域的SNP是非常必要的。希望這種遺傳異質(zhì)性的揭示,為研究新生兒細(xì)菌性腦膜炎與基因多態(tài)性提供新的遺傳線索。
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(收稿日期:2019-06-17? 本文編輯:劉明玉)
中國(guó)醫(yī)藥導(dǎo)報(bào)2020年6期