牛曉桂 高貴霞 李化娉 苗銀芳 王梅林
【摘要】 目的:研究反饋-前饋控制方法在降低嬰兒下肢靜脈留置針致血栓性淺靜脈炎中的應用效果。方法:選擇2019年4-9月某院兒科住院嬰兒316例作為研究對象,根據(jù)時間順序分為對照組和觀察組,對照組149例給予留置針常規(guī)護理,觀察組167例采用反饋-前饋控制措施進行護理,記錄兩組血栓性淺靜脈炎發(fā)生率、留置針留置時間、家屬滿意度并進行比較。結果:觀察組留置針留置時間長于對照組,血栓性淺靜脈炎發(fā)生率低于對照組,差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05);觀察組家屬總滿意度(95.21%)高于對照組(87.92%),差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05)。結論:運用反饋-前饋控制可以有效降低嬰兒血栓性淺靜脈炎發(fā)生率,延長留置針留置時間,提高患兒家屬滿意度。
【關鍵詞】 反饋控制 前饋控制 血栓性淺靜脈炎 嬰兒 下肢靜脈 靜脈留置針
doi:10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2020.17.040 文獻標識碼 B 文章編號 1674-6805(2020)17-00-03
Study on Feedback-feedforward Control of Thrombotic Superficial Phlebitis Induced by Indwelling Needle in Veins of Lower Extremity in Infants/NIU Xiaogui, GAO Guixia, LI Huaping, MIAO Yinfang, WANG Meilin. //Chinese and Foreign Medical Research, 2020, 18(17): -98
[Abstract] Objective: To study the effect of feedback-feedforward control in reducing thrombotic superficial phlebitis induced by venous indwelling needles in infant lower limbs. Method: A total of 316 pediatric infants in a hospital from April to September 2019 were selected as study subjects, according to the time sequence, they were divided into the control group and the observation group, 149 patients in the control group were given routine nursing care of indwelling needle, 167 patients in the observation group were given nursing care with feedback-feedforward control measures. The incidence of superficial thrombotic phlebitis, the time of indwelling needle and the satisfaction of family members were recorded and compared between the two groups. Result: The duration of indwelling needle indwelling in the observation group was longer than that in the control group, and the incidence of superficial thrombophlebitis in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The total satisfaction of family members in the observation group (95.21%) was higher than that in the control group (87.92%), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Feedback-feedforward control can effectively reduce the incidence of thrombotic superficial phlebitis in infants, prolong the indwelling time,and improve the satisfaction of the families.
[Key words] Feedback control Feedforward control Thrombotic superficial phlebitis Infants Veins of lower extremity Venous indwelling needle
First-authors address: Binzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Binzhou 256603, China
外周靜脈留置針是兒科靜脈輸液治療的主要方式,能夠減少反復穿刺給患兒帶來的痛苦,有利于臨床用藥及緊急搶救,已廣泛應用于臨床[1]。2016版INS實踐標準指出,兒童穿刺部位首先考慮手部、前臂及腋窩以下的上臂部位靜脈,不走路時可選用下肢靜脈[2]。臨床工作中,因為疾病或患兒自身因素,常常不可避免地選擇下肢靜脈穿刺。血栓性淺靜脈炎是嬰兒留置針輸液的常見并發(fā)癥[3],下肢靜脈穿刺相對于其他部位,發(fā)生血栓性淺靜脈炎和其他并發(fā)癥的機會更高,護理中應該提供更多的措施,以保證護理安全。反饋控制又稱“事后控制”,是一種作用發(fā)生在行動之后最常用的傳統(tǒng)控制方法,其目的是力求改進未來行動的質量[4-5]。前饋控制又稱“超前控制”,指在管理工作開始前,對所產(chǎn)生的后果進行預測,并采取預防措施,使可能出現(xiàn)的偏差在事前得到避免,是一種預防性的控制方式[6]。筆者運用反饋-前饋復合控制的方法,分析其在下肢靜脈留置針致嬰兒血栓性淺靜脈炎中的應用效果,現(xiàn)報告如下。
綜上所述,通過反饋-前饋控制措施,能有效降低血栓性淺靜脈炎發(fā)生率,延長靜脈留置針使用時間,從而減輕患兒痛苦,提高家屬滿意度。該措施簡單易行,適合在兒科輸液治療中全面推廣。
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(收稿日期:2020-02-13) (本文編輯:馬竹君)