“貧困”是最大的“問題”

秋千影

子曰：邦有道，貧且賤焉，恥也;邦無(wú)道，富且貴焉，恥也。In a country well governed， poverty is something to be ashamed of. In a country badly governed， wealth is something to be ashamed of.

曼德拉則說：As long as poverty， injustice and gross inequality persist in our world， none of us can truly rest.只要世界上存在貧困、不公以及不均，我們所有人都無(wú)法安寧。

無(wú)論是“邦有道”時(shí)的貧賤之恥，還是貧困導(dǎo)致的惴惴不安，都說明貧困是個(gè)大問題。或正因此，我們國(guó)家十分重視扶貧工作，政治文件中也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)與“貧困”緊密相關(guān)的表述。今天，我們一起看看用英文該如何傳遞此類意思。

1. 扶貧 poverty relief、poverty alleviation

2. 赤貧 abject poverty

3. 對(duì)扶貧開發(fā)工作高度重視 attach great importance to development-oriented poverty alleviation

4. 貧困地區(qū) impoverished area、poverty-stricken area（相信讀者自己可以找出“深度貧困地區(qū)”的英文）

5. 貧困人口 poverty-stricken individuals

6. 農(nóng)村貧困人口 the rural poor

7. 消除貧困 eradicate/eliminate poverty

8. 實(shí)現(xiàn)共同富裕 achieve common prosperity

9. 脫貧 shake off poverty、break away from poverty

10. 脫貧致富 break away from poverty and achieve prosperity

11. 幫助脫貧 raise/lift sb out of poverty、reduce poverty

12. 困難群眾 people living in deprivation

13. 打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn) win the battle against poverty

14. 脫貧攻堅(jiān)已經(jīng)到了啃硬骨頭、攻堅(jiān)拔寨的沖刺階段。Chinas battle against poverty has entered the toughest stage.

15. 把脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)當(dāng)作頭等大事 take the fight against poverty as the top priority

16. 精準(zhǔn)扶貧 take targeted measures for poverty relief、targeted poverty alleviation

17. 按照精準(zhǔn)扶貧的要求研究對(duì)策 study the problems and work out appropriate methods in accordance with the requirements of targeted poverty alleviation

18. 增加專項(xiàng)扶貧資金 increase special funds for poverty relief

19. 虛報(bào)冒領(lǐng)扶貧資金 falsely claim poverty relief funds

除了最常見的poverty一詞，還可以使用以下詞匯表示貧窮狀態(tài)：destitution、privation、deprivation、impoverishment、pauperism、hand-to-mouth existence，例如：

1. live in extreme destitution 極端貧困;一無(wú)所有

2. suffer privation 遭受貧困

3. suffer the deprivations of war 經(jīng)歷戰(zhàn)時(shí)的物品匱乏

4. Political instability resulted in impoverishment and famine. 政治動(dòng)蕩導(dǎo)致貧困和饑荒。

5. descend into pauperism 貧困潦倒

6. live in a hand-to-mouth existence 勉強(qiáng)糊口;過著緊巴巴的日子

7. He was left completely destitute. 他淪落到一貧如洗的地步。

貧困問題在我國(guó)不少地區(qū)依然嚴(yán)峻，但愿這些豐富的英文表達(dá)能幫助翻譯愛好者解決詞匯貧乏問題，準(zhǔn)確描述我國(guó)的現(xiàn)狀，清晰闡釋我國(guó)的扶貧政策，讓老外看到我們精準(zhǔn)扶貧、共同致富的國(guó)家意志。