雷少鳴 程娜 何劍
【摘 要】 目的:分析術(shù)中護(hù)理干預(yù)對(duì)側(cè)臥位長(zhǎng)時(shí)間手術(shù)患者急性壓瘡形成的影響。方法:選取本院收治的60例側(cè)臥位長(zhǎng)時(shí)間手術(shù)患者開展研究,選取時(shí)間為2018年6月至2019年11月。根據(jù)數(shù)字表法,對(duì)60例患者進(jìn)行分組。對(duì)照組(30例)開展常規(guī)護(hù)理干預(yù),研究組(30例)開展術(shù)中護(hù)理干預(yù),分別對(duì)比兩組患者的壓瘡面積、急性壓瘡發(fā)生率,以及術(shù)后舒適度。結(jié)果:研究組壓瘡面積、急性壓瘡發(fā)生率、術(shù)后舒適度等各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均顯著優(yōu)于對(duì)照組,組間差異顯著(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:對(duì)側(cè)臥位長(zhǎng)時(shí)間手術(shù)患者實(shí)施術(shù)中護(hù)理干預(yù),有助于獲得確切的應(yīng)用效果,既能縮小患者的壓瘡面積,降低急性壓瘡的發(fā)生率,又能提升術(shù)后舒適度,改善患者的生活質(zhì)量,值得在臨床中應(yīng)用。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 術(shù)中護(hù)理干預(yù);側(cè)臥位長(zhǎng)時(shí)間手術(shù)患者;急性壓瘡;影響因素
[Abstract] Objective:To analyze the influence of intraoperative nursing intervention on the formation of acute pressure ulcers in patients undergoing lateral decubitus surgery for a long time. Methods: A total of 60 patients admitted to our hospital for long-term operation in the lateral position were selected for the study from June 2018 to November 2019.According to the number table method, 60 patients were grouped. The control group (30 cases) carried out routine nursing intervention, and the study group (30 cases) carried out intraoperative nursing intervention, respectively comparing the area of pressure ulcers, incidence of acute pressure ulcers, and postoperative comfort of patients in the two groups. Results: The area of pressure ulcers in the study group, the incidence of acute pressure ulcers, postoperative comfort and other indicators were significantly superior to the control group, with significant differences between groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Intraoperative nursing intervention for patients with long-term lateral decubitus surgery is conducive to obtain the exact application effect, which can not only reduce the area of pressure ulcers in patients, reduce the incidence of acute pressure ulcers, but also enhance postoperative comfort, improve the quality of life of patients, it is worthy of application.
[Key words]Intraoperative nursing intervention; Patients in lateral position for a long time; Acute pressure sore; Influencing factors
在外科手術(shù)中,側(cè)臥位是一種比較常見的手術(shù)體位。手術(shù)時(shí),由于患者需要長(zhǎng)時(shí)間保持側(cè)臥狀態(tài),其身體重心會(huì)發(fā)生自然改變,因此,在麻醉藥物和長(zhǎng)時(shí)間壓迫等因素的影響下,部分患者會(huì)形成急性壓瘡。急性壓瘡形成后,不僅會(huì)延緩患者預(yù)后,而且會(huì)降低其生活質(zhì)量。據(jù)相關(guān)研究數(shù)據(jù)顯示,側(cè)臥位長(zhǎng)時(shí)間手術(shù)患者發(fā)生急性壓瘡的幾率約為58%,為了控制壓瘡的發(fā)生,應(yīng)在術(shù)中給予患者積極、合理的護(hù)理干預(yù)措施[1]?;诖耍窘M課題將60例側(cè)臥位長(zhǎng)時(shí)間手術(shù)患者作為研究樣本(樣本選取時(shí)間為2018年6月至2019年11月),經(jīng)分組討論,現(xiàn)將術(shù)中護(hù)理干預(yù)對(duì)側(cè)臥位長(zhǎng)時(shí)間手術(shù)患者急性壓瘡形成的影響作如下總結(jié)。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
將本院2018年6月至2019年11月收治的側(cè)臥位長(zhǎng)時(shí)間手術(shù)患者(共計(jì)60例)作為研究對(duì)象。按照數(shù)字表法,將其分為研究組和對(duì)照組,每組30例。研究組有女性患者11例,男性患者19例,年齡20~75歲,平均年齡為(49.82±14.05)歲,體質(zhì)量46~81kg,平均體質(zhì)量為(61.08±7.42)kg,側(cè)臥類型:13例右側(cè)臥位,17例左側(cè)臥位。對(duì)照組有女性患者13例,男性患者17例,年齡21~75歲,平均年齡為(50.13±13.87)歲,體質(zhì)量44~81kg,平均體質(zhì)量為(60.94±7.35)kg,側(cè)臥類型:12例右側(cè)臥位,18例左側(cè)臥位。在體質(zhì)量、年齡、性別等方面對(duì)比兩組患者樣本的基礎(chǔ)資料,其差異不具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。