蔣建平

感知 素養(yǎng)解讀

體育運動和娛樂成了人們日常生活，乃至政治、經(jīng)濟活動中不可或缺的一部分。2020年的高考試卷關注體育運動，倡導健康運動理念。

課標中“娛樂與運動”主題涉及的主要內容有：（1）Movies and theater;（2）Music and dance（folk music and dance， popular music and classical music）;（3）Team games（football， basketball， volleyball， etc.）;（4）Games of two or four（table tennis， tennis， golf， etc.）;（5）Racing（running， swimming， horse racing， etc.）;（6）International sports events（Olympic Games， World Cup， Football League， etc.）;（7）Spectators and fans;（8）Physical exercises。

“娛樂與運動”主題書面表達體裁較為靈活，一般為記敘文、說明文、議論文、通知、演講稿等。常用的時態(tài)有一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時等。

關于“娛樂與運動”主題的寫作常有以下幾個命題角度：

1. 介紹某種娛樂與體育運動項目或影視

節(jié)目;

2. 寫信申請要成為2022年北京冬季奧運會的志愿者;

3. 假如你是志愿者，請向外國人介紹2022年北京冬奧會的吉祥物和會徽;

4. 介紹乒乓球（table tennis）或體操（gymnastics）的起源、競賽方式、項目、比賽規(guī)則等;

5. 介紹中國的民族樂器二胡的起源、發(fā)展歷史、材質等;

6. 請就“音樂對青少年的成長的影響”發(fā)表看法;

7. 請就“明星的志愿行為”發(fā)表看法。

探究 語庫構建

語境串記

Focus on the Olympic spirit of participation

Everybody loves a winner. Across the world， countries greet their Olympic gold medalists with joy and acclaim. In Singapore， Joseph Schooling， the city?states first ever gold medalist， has become a national hero and 1.____________（greet） with a standing ovation in parliament. In the US， the extraordinary gymnast， Simone Biles， 2.____________ has won four gold medals in Rio， has become the face of the Games. Meanwhile， the British were astonished and delighted to find Team GB， 3.____________ （head） into the last weekend of the Olympics， in second place in the medal table.

Yet amid all this 4.____________（celebrate） of triumph and victory， it is important to remember the words of Pierre de Coubertin， the 5.____________（found） of the modern Olympics， who said， “The most

important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning 6. ____________taking part.”

The truth is that any athlete who has made it to the Olympics—let alone 7.____________ Olympic final—has achieved something remarkable. Simply to be 8.____________（qualify） for the Games requires enormous levels of dedication and effort. That， in turn， makes it even 9.____________（hard） to accept defeat with good grace. Those athletes who remain true to the spirit of Coubertin， despite all these 10.____________（pressure）， are just as inspirational as the winners of gold medals.

聚焦“重在參與”的奧運精神

人人都愛勝利者。世界各地的國家都以喜悅和歡呼聲迎接他們的奧運冠軍。在新加坡，這個城邦有史以來第一位奧運金牌得主約瑟林成了民族英雄，在議會受到了集體起立鼓掌歡迎。在美國，這個出類拔萃的體操運動員——里約奧運會4塊金牌得主西蒙·拜爾斯，成了奧運會的象征。與此同時，英國人驚訝、欣喜地發(fā)現(xiàn)，到了奧運會的最后一個周末，英國代表隊在奧運金牌榜上竟然排名第二。

不過，在慶祝成功與勝利之際，重要的是記住現(xiàn)代奧運會創(chuàng)始人皮埃爾·德·顧拜旦曾經(jīng)說的話：“奧林匹克運動會最重要的不是取勝，而是參與?！?/p>

事實上，任何一個參加奧運會的運動員——更不用說進入奧運會決賽的運動員——都已經(jīng)取得了令人矚目的成績。單單取得奧運會參賽資格，便需要巨大的投入和努力。因此，以良好的風度接受失敗更顯難能可貴。那些在壓力之下仍然堅持顧拜旦精神的運動員，和金牌得主一樣鼓舞人心。

素材積累

一、閱讀詞匯整合（明其義）

【核心單詞】

1. conduct v. 指揮;引導;帶領

conductor n. 指揮

2. admit v. 承認;準許（入場、入學、入會）

admission n. 準許加入

3. perform v. 表演

performance n. 演出;表演

performer n. 演員;表演者

4. direct v. 導演;指揮

director n. 導演;指揮者

5. act v. 扮演 n. （戲劇的）一幕

actor n. 男演員

actress n. 女演員

6. compete v. 競爭;參加比賽

competitor n. 競爭者;對手

competition n. 比賽;競爭

7. amused adj. 逗樂的

amusing adj. 有樂趣的;逗人笑的

8. entertain v. 招待;使快樂;使感興趣

entertaining adj. 有趣的;使人愉快的

entertainment n. 娛樂

9. stage 舞臺;戲劇

10. interval 幕間休息

11. audience 聽眾;觀眾

12. interpret 演繹

13. concert 音樂會

14. live 現(xiàn)場直播的

15. pretend 裝扮

16. character 角色;性格;特征

17. clap 鼓掌

【高頻短語】

1. stand for 代表

2. put on 上演

3. give up 放棄

4. burst into 突然爆發(fā)

5. take the lead 領先;一馬當先

6. hold ones breath 屏住呼吸

7. build up ones body 增強某人的體質

【主題整合】

音樂類型

1. rap 說唱音樂

2. blues 布魯斯音樂

3. rock 搖滾音樂

4. folk 民間音樂

5. jazz 爵士樂

6. country music 鄉(xiāng)村音樂

7. popular/pop 通俗的;流行的（音樂）

8. classical 古典的（音樂）

9. symphony 交響樂;交響曲

10. opera 歌劇

影視類型

1. documentary 紀錄片

2. action movie 動作片

3. cartoon 卡通片;動畫片

4. comedy 喜劇

5. tragedy 悲劇

6. horror 恐怖片

7. thriller 驚險電影

8. detective film 偵探電影

運動項目

1. marathon 馬拉松

2. boxing 拳擊

3. rugby 橄欖球

4. badminton 羽毛球

5. baseball 棒球

6. wrestling 摔跤

7. skiing 滑雪

8. skating 滑冰

9. shooting 射擊

10. diving 跳水

11. gymnastics 體操

體育比賽

1. judge 裁判

2. referee 裁判員

3. athlete 運動員

4. race 競爭;賽跑

5. tournament 錦標賽

6. league 聯(lián)賽;聯(lián)盟

7. defend 防守

8. victory 勝利

9. defeat/beat 擊敗;戰(zhàn)勝

10. prize 獎品;獎金

11. medal 獎牌;獎章

12. cheer 歡呼;喝彩

13. break the record 打破紀錄

14. end in a tie 不分勝負;打成平局

二、寫作詞匯運用（悉其用）

根據(jù)漢語提示或用所給單詞的正確形式完成句子。

1. Researchers acknowledge that certain ty?pes of music can aid________________________? （relax） by lowering heart rates and blood pressure.

2.________________________? （除了） improving crea?tivity， learning music cultivates many skills that will continue to be useful to your children throughout their lives.

3. Learning a musical instrument will help your children develop concentration， patience and perseverance， which will help them later in life________________________ （面對困難與挑戰(zhàn)）.

4. The________________________ （encourage） of a teacher and the enthusiasm of parents will certainly build up a childs sense of pride and confidence.

5. There are many benefits of taking physical exercise. Firstly， physical exercise can help to protect us from disease and________________________ （增強體質）. Secondly， it can also make us relaxed and happy.

6. Enjoying artistic gymnastics requires si?lence and mobile phones are not allowed in shooting centers， because the noises you make will certainly________________________ （分散運動員注意力）， which will cause them to fail in the game.

7. Recently our school held a basketball game between teachers and students to improve the relationship between us. It________________________

（結果證明） to be an unforgettable experience.

8. As an athlete， if I were________________________

（annoy） by the audiences， I would be unhappy and upset.

9. I might even play badly and finally lost the game. Besides， I would ________________________（投訴） to the referee about the noises.

10. Athletes from our school team have won many gold medals of table tennis contests in recent years and the coaching team is also very

________________________ （專業(yè)的）.

三、核心句型表達（精于表）

根據(jù)要求翻譯下列句子。

1. 我因為驚訝于他們嫻熟的球技，所以下定決心要變得和他們一樣厲害。

譯法一：（含原因狀語從句）

________________________________________________________________________

譯法二：（過去分詞作原因狀語）

________________________________________________________________________

2. 他們不僅違反了觀眾行為準則，而且他們的不良行為也會導致運動員在比賽中失敗。

譯法一：（用not only...but also句型）

________________________________________________________________________

譯法二：（倒裝句）

________________________________________________________________________

3. 我已成功入選第十四屆全運會志愿者，這次全運會計劃在八月底舉辦。

譯法一：（并列句）

________________________________________________________________________

譯法二：（含非限制性定語從句）

________________________________________________________________________

4. 毋庸置疑，早睡早起對我們的健康很有益處。

譯法一：（用It goes without saying that...句型）

________________________________________________________________________

譯法二：（用There is no doubt that...句型）

________________________________________________________________________

實踐 主題測評

知識維度診斷評價

Ⅰ. 單句填空

1. The picture shows that five rings ________________________（link） together to represent the sporting friendship of all people.

2. The flame of the Olympic Games________________________ （symbol） the continuity between the ancient and modern games.

3. The Olympic Games are an international sports festival________________________ （hold） every four years.

4. Hes going to talk about________________________ is the right person you can find to produce your music.

5. Her joy in winning a bronze medal demonstrated that there are ways to win worldwide respect that do not________________________ （necessary） involve winning a gold.

6. That demonstration of how to cope with________________________ （disappoint） was an example not just to other athletes， but to all those who strive to achieve a goal， in any field， and fall just short.

7. Tokyo 2020 organizers released a new Olympic logo________________________ （feature） traditional Japanese designs on Monday， seven months after they were forced to drop the original one over accusations of copying.

8.________________________? （compose） of three varieties of rectangular shapes， the design represents different countries， cultures and ways of thinking.

9. This is a good chance for anyone________________________ wants to learn how to do comedy.

10. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best?selling CD， with James Pickering

________________________ the piano.

Ⅱ. 單句改錯

1. Were bringing you a exciting evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands.

________________________

2. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy， and practices many different ways of make people laugh.________________________

3. Students interested in working for the Athletic Department should contact with the Athletic Coordinator at their respective （各自的） campuses.________________________

4. This camp， that will open in the Summer Palace on July 20th， offers us teenagers a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture.________________________

5. Students in this position will be keeping lively statistics during basketball games.

Ⅲ. 情境寫作

以“以德樹人， 文化圓夢”為主題的第十四屆校園藝術節(jié)晚會于今日閉幕。請給你校的校報Campus Today寫一篇短文，報道晚會的情況。短文的要點如下：

1. 晚會概況;

2. 節(jié)目簡介;

3. 對演出的評價。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右;

2. 可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯：以德樹人，文化圓夢 virtuous campus， cultural dreams

（主題語境十三：素養(yǎng)維度發(fā)展評價，見第51～52頁）