張子奇
海螺,淺海螺類,喜食貝類,生活在貝類生長的海域。漁民釣海螺,用長繩拴一大串網(wǎng)兜,內(nèi)裝貝類做誘餌,隔夜,便有海螺吸附上去,提上來就是收成。
在淺海潛水收獲海螺,要認(rèn)準(zhǔn)兩點(diǎn):一是生長海蠣子的地方。海螺根部駐扎在礁石上,開囗向上,用強(qiáng)有力的肌肉包住海蠣子呼吸處,讓海蠣子窒息死亡,然后吸食它們的體液。二是有眾多面蛤的水下砂石區(qū)。海螺可以蠕動(dòng)著鉆進(jìn)泥沙,把潛伏的面蛤捉住,抱在懷里用同樣的方法吃掉。
每年的麥黃季節(jié),海螺聚集在一起交配產(chǎn)卵,此時(shí)下海,三五成群纏綿親吻在一起的海螺經(jīng)常見到,俗稱“海螺床”。但大規(guī)模的海螺床卻很少,我趕海三十年,只收獲過兩次百枚海螺床,海底黑壓壓的一片,個(gè)頭基本一致。忙不迭地扎猛下去,雙手捧,滿滿的,連續(xù)十來次,一網(wǎng)打盡,當(dāng)即就收獲達(dá)二十斤!
有一次在蓬萊閣下面,腳踝那么深的水,我卻幸運(yùn)地遇到一個(gè)海螺床。密密麻麻一大堆,坐下來,一個(gè)一個(gè)地?fù)?,一個(gè)一個(gè)地?cái)?shù),直數(shù)到55個(gè)!同伴嫉妒得要命,我卻開心大笑。
了解了海螺的生活習(xí)性,到新的海域,首先要做的就是觀察,看此海域是否適合海蠣子和面蛤的生長,再找海螺,才會(huì)有所收獲。去年趕海,我經(jīng)常和四五個(gè)朋友一起。由于他們對(duì)海螺的生活習(xí)性掌握不足,在海底無的放矢,收獲總是寥寥無幾。而我收獲的海螺經(jīng)常是他們眾人的總和。還有,潛入水中眼光要敏銳,因?yàn)楹B莸纳眢w和它生活的海域顏色相近,不仔細(xì)看難以發(fā)現(xiàn)。曾經(jīng)有一次我晚上趕海,走過了一片地方,回頭再看,發(fā)現(xiàn)居然錯(cuò)過了四個(gè)海螺。
海螺,最常見的吃法是水煮或鍋蒸。有客人時(shí),根據(jù)人數(shù),選大的海螺,一人一個(gè),滿滿一盤子上桌,特有檔次。用牙簽或筷子挑出肉來,蘸著姜汁,直接送入口中,大口咀嚼,鮮美無比。也可以砸碎海螺——讓海螺“嘴巴”朝下,排隊(duì)擺放在室外水泥地上,拿起蒜墩,用力,“叭叭叭”地挨個(gè)敲完,然后把所有的肉扒出來。最后,可別忘記收拾干凈敲碎的海螺殼和內(nèi)臟,六七個(gè)一份兒入冰箱冷凍。需要時(shí),一份就能包一次餃子餛飩或者炒一盤菜。包著吃,提前拿出海螺肉,稍作融化后,切成丁,配肉丁韭菜末,口味絕佳。炒菜,可以把海螺肉切成連著的片兒,熱水一焯,熘黃瓜,再配上胡蘿卜片兒和木耳,黑白紅綠,僅這色相,也足以讓人垂涎三尺。
海螺天生有跟蹤海蠣子的習(xí)性。礁石上附著生長小的海蠣子,而嗅覺靈敏的母海螺,早已將海螺卵送到這里,孵化的小海螺陪著海蠣子一起生活。我到了這個(gè)地方,豈能放過它們?雖然個(gè)頭小于核桃,但也依次收獲回家,有一大盆!這就產(chǎn)生了海螺的另一種吃法,鮮辣海螺:把小海螺洗凈,放入鍋中,倒水,沒過海螺,所加的佐料可是有講究的,味極鮮、辣椒、花椒、大料、蔥姜和鹽,開鍋五分鐘后,關(guān)火帶著湯倒入盆里。有客人,即舀上一盤子,用牙簽挑,辣鮮味,是絕佳的下酒菜。
吃完的海螺大殼,洗凈,打上清漆,可放在博古架上,作為裝飾品;個(gè)頭中等的海螺殼擺放在花盆里,美化的同時(shí),可以防止水分蒸發(fā);而個(gè)頭小的海螺殼則可以用線穿起來做成孩子的小飾品。
如果可以選擇來生,我還要選擇和大海相依,和海螺為伴!
The conch, a neritic snail feeding on shellfish, lives in the sea area where shellfish grows. When fishermen fish conches, they tie a long string of tuck nets to long ropes and put shellfish inside as baits. Overnight, conches will attach themselves to them. When the tuck nets are lifted, the conches will be harvested.
Two places should be spotted when you harvest conches in neritic regions. One place is where oysters grow. Residing on rocks with their bottoms tied to them and openings upward, conches envelop the beathing organs of oysters with their powerful muscles and suffocate them before sucking their body fluid. The other place is the underwater sandy area where numerous clams stay. Conches can inch into sands, catch lurking clams, and embrace them before eating them.
Conches gather, mate and spawn when wheats get yellow every year. When you dive into the sea, you will frequently catch small groups of conches clinging together and kissing each other, which are commonly called the “bed of conches.” However, the bed of conches is rarely seen in large scales.