如何寫好議論文

安徽 朱 君

?典題感知

近日，你們班就“學校每天清晨開展冬季跑操活動”進行了一次討論。請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容，給學校英文報寫一篇短文，并談談你的看法。支持（多數(shù)）：增強體質(zhì)，磨煉意志，放松自我……反對（少數(shù)）：天氣寒冷，學業(yè)繁重……

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右（開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)）；

2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Recently our class had a heated discussion about the Winter Morning Jogging Activity in our school.______________________________________________________________

【佳作賞析1】

Recently our class had a heated discussion about the Winter Morning Jogging Activity in our school. There are different views on this topic.The majority of students①support the proposal for participating in this activity.They believe that the activ?ity can not only build up their body but also train their will②.In addition, it can reduce the pressure from study.However, the minority are against it③.They think the ac?tivity is lacking in excitement.What's worse④,they would rather stay indoors to study continuously because of the heavy homework and cold weather⑤.In my opinion, I am in favor of this activity because it benefits us greatly⑥.We need to be strong and brave in亮點評析①The majority 與下文的the minority 為對應性表達，精準到位。②not only...but also...的使用較好地詮釋了這項活動的益處。③介詞短語against it作表語的運用，簡潔明了地表達了反對者的態(tài)度。④短語What's worse，起到了承上啟下的作用。⑤用介詞短語because of the heavy home?work and cold weather 解釋would rather stay indoors的原因，準確到位。⑥because引導原因狀語從句，表達自然。learning at the same time.________________________________________________________________

【佳句仿寫1】

①在會上，每個人都有不同的觀點。

②我們鼓勵學生全面參與創(chuàng)建文明校園。

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③鍛煉可以增強你的體力。

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④我完全支持同工同酬。

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【佳作賞析2】

Recently our class had a heated discussion about the Winter Morning Jogging Activity in our school. But different people have different points of view.Most of students agree to this activity①.They believe that the activity can help them keep fit and strengthen the will.Besides,through the activity they can ease their pressure.However, others don't agree to it.They think the activity is too boring②.Moreover,亮點評析①agree to 意為“同意”，使用恰當。②賓語從句使用得當。③prefer to為高階表達。④For one thing...For another thing的表達，歸納總結(jié)到位。the weather in winter is too cold,and they prefer to stay in the class?room to finish their heavy homework③.As for me, I completely adopt the proposal.For one thing, it can benefit us greatly.For another thing④, it can help us to over?come any difficulties.

【佳句仿寫2】

①她每天慢跑以保持健康。

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②這些活動的目的是增強你的體質(zhì)。

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③音樂事實上能幫助我們舒緩現(xiàn)實中遇到的壓力。

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④一方面，我堅信閱讀能增長我們的知識。另一方面，當我們感到沮喪時，閱讀幫助我們平靜下來。

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?寫作指導

1.命題分析

本篇寫作素材要求學生根據(jù)所提供的文字提示，就“學校每天清晨開展冬季跑操活動”寫一篇觀點對比型的議論文。通過審題，我們可以確定時態(tài)應為一般現(xiàn)在時，人稱應使用第一、第三人稱。此類文章一般分為三段：第一段提出問題（引論），第二段為不同觀點的對比（本論），第三段說明自己的觀點（結(jié)論）。

2.寫作導圖

?經(jīng)典模板

模板1：觀點對比型

（1）要求論述兩個對立的觀點，并給出自己的看法

Recently,we have had a discussion about__________（主題）.There are two opposite opinions about it.Those who favour the idea think/Some students hold their view for the reason that/Some students agree to the point that___________（支持的理由一）.What is more,__________（理由二）.Moreover,__________（理由三）.

On the other hand, the majority of people believe that.../Those who are against the idea think that.../Others prefer to do...Firstly,__________（反對的理由一）.Secondly/Be?sides,__________（理由二）.Thirdly/Finally,__________（理由三）.

Personally,/From my point of view,/I think__________（我的觀點）.The reason is that__________（原因）.As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me,the former/later is surely a wise choice.

（2）給出一個觀點，要求學生反駁這一觀點

Some people believe that__________（觀點）.For example, they think__________（舉例說明）.And it will bring them__________（為他們帶來的好處/壞處）.

In my opinion, its disadvantages are far more than its advantages/I never think this reason can be the point.For one thing,___________（反對的理由一）.For another thing,__________（反對的理由二）.

From all what I have said, I agree to the thought that__________（我對文章所討論觀點的看法）.

模板2：闡述主題型

The good saying__________（名言或諺語）reminds us that__________（釋義）.In?deed,we can learn many things from it.

First of all,__________（理由一）.For example,__________（舉例說明）.Secondly,__________（理由二）.Another case is that__________（舉例說明）.Furthermore,__________（理由三）.

In my opinion,__________（我的觀點）.In short, whatever you do, please remember the saying__________（名言或諺語）.If you understand it and apply it to your study or work,you'll necessarily benefit a lot from it.

?提分靚句

1.正反觀點類

People had a discussion about...

人們展開了一場關(guān)于……的討論。

Different people have different opinions.

仁者見仁，智者見智。

Some people agree with/are in favour (favor) of/are for/approve of/support the opinion(decision,idea,view...).

有些人同意這種觀點（決定、主意、看法……）。

However/On the contrary, others are opposed to it/are against it/disagree with it/hold the opposite opinion.

然而，其他人不同意這種觀點（持相反的觀點）。

As far as I am concerned/As for me,we should...

我個人認為，我們應該……

2.利弊影響類

In fact,there are both advantages and disadvantages.

事實上，利弊共存。

Generally speaking,its advantages are as follows.First...Besides...

一般來說，它有如下優(yōu)點。第一……，除此之外，……

However, as the old saying goes, every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are also apparent/obvious.

然而，正如一句古老的諺語所說，任何事物都有其兩面性。消極的因素也很明顯。

One of the disadvantages is that...

缺點之一就是……

To make matters worse/What's worse/Even worse/Worse still...

更糟糕的是……

Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects outweigh the negative ones.

通過以上的分析，我認為積極的方面大于消極的方面。

3.數(shù)據(jù)類

I have recently made a survey among...about/on...

最近，我在……中間做了一項關(guān)于……的調(diào)查。

The results are as follows.

結(jié)果如下。

As the chart above shows,...

如上表所示，……

We can see from the graph that...

通過這個圖表，我們可以看到……

As is shown in the chart,the production is higher/lower/rising/falling...

正如圖表所示，產(chǎn)量更高/更低/增加/減少了……

As is described in the chart...

正如圖表描述的……

There are many reasons for this.

關(guān)于這，有很多原因。

In my opinion/From my point of view/As far as I am concerned, we should realize the importance of...

我認為，我們應該意識到……的重要性。

It would be greatly appreciated if our government and social organizations could of?fer...

如果我們的政府和社會組織可以提供……，我們將會非常感激。

?小試身手

最近，你所在的地方正計劃實施快速公交系統(tǒng)和橋梁建設(shè)，你班同學就此展開了激烈的討論。請你根據(jù)同學們不同的觀點，給你校英文報寫一篇短文，并發(fā)表你自己的看法。

贊成觀點1.能夠解決交通問題，方便人們的生活；2.有助于當?shù)芈糜螛I(yè)的快速發(fā)展。反對觀點1.會產(chǎn)生噪聲，打擾居民平靜的生活；2.會時常造成交通堵塞。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。

參考詞匯：快速公交系統(tǒng)BRT 高架橋overpass

Recently the local government has decided to broaden some narrow roads to build BRT,which has caused a heated discussion in my class.__________________________________