李佳林 任笠坤 冉勛 夏紹萱 周昱彤 黃鑫 韓民
摘要:目的探討改良7Fr胰管塑料支架用于膽道內(nèi)引流的臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值。方法收集2021年4月—2022年6月在貴州醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院肝膽外科行內(nèi)鏡逆行胰膽管造影(ERCP)取石后行膽道引流的121例膽總管結(jié)石患者的臨床資料,根據(jù)術(shù)后膽道引流方式分為改良支架組(n=59)和鼻膽引流組(n=60),其中改良支架組采用改良7Fr胰管塑料支架引流,鼻膽引流組采用鼻膽管引流,回顧性分析兩組患者臨床資料,觀察改良支架組中支架自行脫落情況,比較兩組臨床療效、患者術(shù)后舒適度及術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率。符合正態(tài)分布的計(jì)量資料兩組間比較采用成組t檢驗(yàn);非正態(tài)分布的計(jì)量資料兩組間比較采用Mann-Whitney U檢驗(yàn);計(jì)數(shù)資料兩組間比較采用χ2檢驗(yàn)。結(jié)果兩組結(jié)石清除率為100%。兩組患者術(shù)后住院天數(shù)、總住院天數(shù)比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t值分別為-3.997、2.317,P值均<0.05)。兩組患者術(shù)后血清TBil、DBil、ALP、AST及GGT均較術(shù)前明顯下降(P值均<0.05)。兩組患者TBil、DBil、ALP、ALT、AST、GGT術(shù)前及術(shù)后比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P值均>0.05)。改良支架組與鼻膽引流組術(shù)后-術(shù)前生化指標(biāo)差值比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P值均>0.05)。兩組術(shù)后24 h內(nèi)舒適度評(píng)分、術(shù)后首次進(jìn)食、進(jìn)飲時(shí)間比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t值分別為2.001、3.579、4.604,P值均<0.05)。兩組并發(fā)癥比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P值均>0.05)。改良支架組支架自行脫落率為83.05%,未發(fā)生支架阻塞、移位、斷裂、穿孔及感染并發(fā)癥。結(jié)論ERCP取凈膽總管結(jié)石后,應(yīng)用改良7Fr胰管塑料支架行膽道內(nèi)引流與鼻膽管引流效果相當(dāng),可縮短患者術(shù)后住院時(shí)長、提升患者術(shù)后舒適度,加速患者康復(fù),且支架自行脫落率高,臨床應(yīng)用安全、有效。
關(guān)鍵詞:胰膽管造影術(shù),? 內(nèi)窺鏡逆行;? 引流術(shù);? 支架
Safety and efficacy of modified pancreatic duct stent in biliary drainage after complete bile duct stone removal by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
LI Jialin REN Likun RAN Xun XIA Shaoxuan ZHOU Yutong HUANG Xin HAN Min(1. College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; 2. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China)
Corresponding author:HAN Min, 409582096@qq.com? (ORCID: 0000-0001-7218-5276)
Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical application value of modified 7Fr pancreatic duct plastic stent in biliary drainage. MethodsClinical data were collected from 121 patients with choledocholithiasis who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) lithotomy and biliary drainage in Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, from April 2021 to June 2022, and according to the method for postoperative biliary drainage, they were divided into modified stent group with 59 patients and nasobiliary drainage group with 60 patients. The patients in the modified stent group received drainage with the modified 7Fr pancreatic duct plastic stent, and those in the nasobiliary drainage group received nasobiliary drainage. A retrospective analysis was performed for their clinical data, and stent dislodgement was observed for the modified stent group. The two groups were compared in terms of clinical outcome, postoperative comfort, and postoperative complications. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. ResultsBoth groups achieved a stone clearance rate of 100%. There were significant differences between the two groups in the length of postoperative hospital stay and the total length of hospital stay (t=-3.997 and 2.317, both P<0.05). After treatment, both groups had significant reductions in total bilirubin (TBil), direct bilirubin (DBil), indirect bilirubin (IBil), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (all P<0.05), and there were no significant differences between the two groups in the changes in TBil, DBil, IBil, ALP, alanine aminotransferase, and AST after treatment (all P>0.05). Also, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in the changes in biochemical parameters after treatment (all P>0.05). There were significant differences between the two groups in comfort score within 24 hours after surgery and the time to first eating and drinking after surgery (t=2.001, 3.579, and 4.604, all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in complications between the two groups (all P>0.05). In the modified stent group, the rate of spontaneous stent dislodgement was 83.05%, and there were no complications such as stent occlusion, displacement, rupture, perforation, and infection. ConclusionAfter complete bile duct stone removal by ERCP, biliary drainage using the modified 7Fr pancreatic duct plastic stent has a similar effect to nasobiliary drainage and can shorten the length of postoperative hospital stay, improve postoperative comfort, and accelerate postoperative recovery, with a relatively high spontaneous dislodgement rate. Therefore, it is safe and effective in clinical practice.
Key words:Cholangiopancreatography,? Endoscopic Retrograde;? Drainage;? Stents
內(nèi)鏡逆行胰膽管造影(ERCP)已成為治療膽總管結(jié)石的主要方法,經(jīng)ERCP取凈結(jié)石后,為預(yù)防相關(guān)并發(fā)癥,常規(guī)膽道引流方式有經(jīng)內(nèi)鏡鼻膽管引流術(shù)(endoscopic nasobiliary drainage,ENBD)及內(nèi)鏡下膽道支架引流術(shù)(endoscopic rerograde biliary drainage,ERBD)[1-3]。用于膽道引流的普通支架較少有自發(fā)脫落特性,指南[4]建議3 ~ 6個(gè)月后取出,但二次取出增加治療過程費(fèi)用及心理負(fù)擔(dān),甚至增加并發(fā)癥發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。成婧等[5]研究報(bào)道,放置胰管塑料支架行膽道內(nèi)引流,引流效果顯著。He等[6]研究報(bào)道,應(yīng)用改良胰管支架用于預(yù)防ERCP術(shù)后胰腺炎(post-ERCP pancreatitis,PEP)發(fā)生,14天自行脫落率為84.21%。本院膽總管結(jié)石患者經(jīng)ERCP取凈結(jié)石后,應(yīng)用去除側(cè)翼錨定結(jié)構(gòu)的改良7Fr胰管塑料支架行膽道內(nèi)引流,療效滿意,現(xiàn)分析報(bào)道如下。
1資料與方法
1.1研究對(duì)象回顧性分析2021年7月—2022年6月于貴州醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院肝膽外科接受ERCP取石治療的121例膽總管結(jié)石患者的臨床資料。
1.2納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(1)經(jīng)腹部B超,上腹部CT、MRI或MRCP證實(shí)膽總管原發(fā)或繼發(fā)結(jié)石;(2)接受ERCP且行膽總管取石術(shù);(3)術(shù)后采用改良胰管塑料支架或鼻膽引流管引流;(4)年齡>18歲;(5)術(shù)后經(jīng)腹部B超,上腹部CT、MRI或MRCP復(fù)查未見結(jié)石征象。
1.3排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(1)合并急、慢性胰腺炎或既往胰腺炎病史;(2)合并膽胰腫瘤;(3)上消化道狹窄;(4)既往上消化道重建病史;(5)對(duì)造影劑過敏;(6)合并嚴(yán)重心肺腎功能不全;(7)失訪臨床資料不全。
1.4方法
1.4.1操作器械日本Olympus公司TJF260V電子十二指腸鏡,南京微創(chuàng)公司0.035英寸(0.889 mm)黃斑馬導(dǎo)絲、和諧夾,美國BostonScientific公司乳頭括約肌切開刀、鼻膽引流管,胰管塑料支架(7Fr、5 cm,COOK公司),球囊擴(kuò)張器(BostonScientific公司),取石網(wǎng)籃(COOK公司)。
1.4.2操作步驟常規(guī)靜脈麻醉,經(jīng)口腔插入十二指腸鏡,進(jìn)鏡巡至十二指腸降段尋到乳頭,導(dǎo)絲引導(dǎo)下經(jīng)乳頭插管,注入20%碘佛醇造影劑,C臂透視,觀察膽總管結(jié)石情況,術(shù)中根據(jù)結(jié)石位置、大小及膽管直徑情況,行內(nèi)鏡下乳頭括約肌切開術(shù)(endoscopic sphincterotomy,EST)、內(nèi)鏡下球囊擴(kuò)張術(shù)(endoscopic papillary balloon dilation,EPBD),采用球囊或網(wǎng)籃取石清理膽道后,再次造影證實(shí)無結(jié)石殘留后循導(dǎo)絲膽管內(nèi)置入改良胰管塑料支架(7Fr、5 cm,COOK公司),鼻膽引流組經(jīng)導(dǎo)絲引導(dǎo)下鼻膽管插入膽總管,鼻膽管尖端置入左右肝管開口處,見膽汁流出并再次C臂透視證實(shí)支架或鼻膽引流管固定在位,檢查乳頭及視野所見無活動(dòng)性出血,退鏡結(jié)束手術(shù)。術(shù)后予抗感染、抑酸、抑酶及補(bǔ)液等支持治療(圖1、2)。
1.5觀察指標(biāo)與隨訪兩組患者術(shù)后24 h內(nèi)均完成視覺模擬疼痛評(píng)分(VAS評(píng)分,1~10分)以評(píng)估患者術(shù)后舒適度[7],評(píng)分越低者術(shù)后舒適化程度越高。記錄兩組患者結(jié)石清除情況、術(shù)后惡心嘔吐情況、首次進(jìn)食進(jìn)飲時(shí)間、并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況,同時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)術(shù)后24 h TBil、DBil、ALT、AST、ALP及GGT變化水平。采用腹部X線、超聲或CT隨訪觀察改良支架組患者術(shù)后1、2、4、8、12周支架脫落情況。若術(shù)后大于3個(gè)月支架仍未脫落者,經(jīng)十二指腸鏡取出。
1.6相關(guān)定義(1)PEP:修訂版亞特蘭大國際共識(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[8]PEP定義為下列3項(xiàng)中≥2項(xiàng):胰腺炎引起的持續(xù)上腹部疼痛;術(shù)后24 h淀粉酶或脂肪酶較正常值上限升高3倍以上;CT影像學(xué)檢查急性胰腺炎特征性表現(xiàn),如胰腺腫大、壞死、胰周積液。重癥PEP:以患者經(jīng)腹部CT掃描[9]提示存在胰腺周圍滲液以及胸腹腔積液,需進(jìn)行經(jīng)皮穿刺引流術(shù)或手術(shù)治療;(2)高淀粉酶血癥:術(shù)24 h血淀粉酶水平升高至3倍正常值上限,且未出現(xiàn)發(fā)熱、腹痛等癥狀。(3)出血:術(shù)后出現(xiàn)黑便、嘔血癥狀,或鼻膽引流管中可見新鮮血液流出,并出現(xiàn)血壓下降,需進(jìn)行二次內(nèi)鏡下止血;(4)膽管炎:術(shù)后72 h出現(xiàn)體溫升高(>38 ℃),白細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)升高,伴有腹痛癥狀,并排除其他部位感染[10]。
1.7統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法采用 SPSS 26.0軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。符合正態(tài)分布的計(jì)量資料采用x±s表示,兩組間比較采用成組t檢驗(yàn);非正態(tài)分布的計(jì)量資料用M(P25~P75)表示,兩組間比較采用Mann-Whitney U檢驗(yàn);計(jì)數(shù)資料兩組間比較采用χ2檢驗(yàn)。P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2結(jié)果
2.1一般資料121例患者中2例失訪,最終119例患者納入本研究,根據(jù)術(shù)后膽道引流方式分為改良支架組(n=59)和鼻膽引流組(n=60)。兩組患者術(shù)后住院天數(shù)、總住院天數(shù)比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P值均<0.05)(表1)。
2.2術(shù)前及術(shù)后24 h生化指標(biāo)組內(nèi)比較情況兩組患者術(shù)后血清TBil、DBil、ALP、ALT、AST及GGT均較術(shù)前明顯下降(P值均<0.05)(表2)。
2.3兩組間術(shù)前及術(shù)后24 h生化指標(biāo)組間比較兩組患者TBil、DBil、ALP、ALT、AST、GGT術(shù)前及術(shù)后比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P值均>0.05)(表2)。
2.4兩組間術(shù)后-術(shù)前生化指標(biāo)差值比較改良支架組與鼻膽引流組術(shù)后-術(shù)前生化指標(biāo)差值比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P值均>0.05)(表3)。
2.5兩組間術(shù)后情況比較兩組術(shù)后24 h內(nèi)舒適度評(píng)分(VAS評(píng)分)、術(shù)后首次進(jìn)食、進(jìn)飲時(shí)間比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P值均<0.05)(表4)。
2.6兩組患者術(shù)后并發(fā)癥比較兩組患者發(fā)生PEP、高淀粉酶血癥、出血的情況比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P值均>0.05)(表5)。兩組均無膽管炎、穿孔、死亡和30 d再入院的患者。
2.7改良支架組患者支架脫落情況改良支架組59患者中50例完成復(fù)查,未發(fā)生阻塞、移位、斷裂、穿孔及感染等支架相關(guān)并發(fā)癥,其中某患者脫落前后復(fù)查腹部立位平片對(duì)比如圖3所示。第1周脫落3例,第2周脫落14例,第4周脫落23例,第8周脫落6例,第12周脫落3例。1例患者術(shù)后第12周門診復(fù)查,腹部立位平片提示支架未自行脫落,再次經(jīng)內(nèi)鏡取出,無不良事件發(fā)生。9例患者未復(fù)查腹部X片、B超或CT,電話隨訪患者本人或家屬無特殊不適。支架脫落率為83.05%(49/59)。
3討論
ERCP取石后常規(guī)膽道引流方式有ENBD及ERBD,兩種引流方式效果相當(dāng)[11-13]。ENBD為外引流,會(huì)導(dǎo)致患者術(shù)后鼻咽部不適、膽汁及水電解質(zhì)體外丟失,拔管時(shí)可引起惡心、嗆咳刺激不適,降低患者術(shù)后舒適度,外接引流袋影響美觀。對(duì)于不耐受者,有自行拔管、脫管等可能[14]。ERBD為內(nèi)引流,無膽汁及水電解質(zhì)流失,更符合人體生理學(xué)特點(diǎn)。普通膽道塑料支架較少有自發(fā)脫落特點(diǎn),長期留置會(huì)因細(xì)菌被膜覆蓋或膽泥形成引發(fā)膽道梗阻[15],甚至移位致腸穿孔[16]、膽管穿孔可能,且長期留置可引起膽管炎發(fā)生。因此,歐洲婦科內(nèi)鏡學(xué)會(huì)[17]建議3~6個(gè)月需再次取出。應(yīng)用胰管支架能有效預(yù)防PEP發(fā)生[18-19],但胰管支架用于膽道內(nèi)引流預(yù)防ERCP相關(guān)并發(fā)癥的臨床研究報(bào)道較少。成婧等[5]研究報(bào)道應(yīng)用5Fr胰管支架用于ERCP取凈膽總管結(jié)石后膽道引流,支架自行脫落率為86.00%,多數(shù)患者無需二次行ERCP將支架取出,降低了患者的手術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、心理及經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。He等[6]多中心隨機(jī)對(duì)照研究比較應(yīng)用改良5Fr胰管支架與普通胰管支架用于PEP預(yù)防,改良胰管支架2周自行脫落率為84.21%,且未增加PEP或其他并發(fā)癥發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
目前沒有指南明確規(guī)定ERCP取石后應(yīng)放置何種引流方式。Lee等[7]研究認(rèn)為經(jīng)ERCP取石治療后無需放置鼻膽引流管。但為預(yù)防相關(guān)并發(fā)癥,多數(shù)術(shù)者選擇留置鼻膽管引流。本研究中改良支架組結(jié)石清除率為100%,結(jié)石取凈后應(yīng)用改良7Fr胰管塑料支架行膽道內(nèi)引流,術(shù)后膽紅素明顯下降,與鼻膽引流組比較,療效同樣顯著,與Kawashima等[20]報(bào)道一致。改良支架組療效同樣顯著的原因:(1)膽管結(jié)石完全清除,解除梗阻,膽道通暢性恢復(fù);(2)改良胰管支架與鼻膽管直徑大小一致,可有效引流,同時(shí)也避免支架過早脫落而導(dǎo)致引流失敗的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
在并發(fā)癥方面,改良支架組發(fā)生PEP 1例,經(jīng)積極保守治療后好轉(zhuǎn)。兩組患者均有高淀粉酶血癥發(fā)生,其發(fā)生率與相關(guān)研究[21-22]報(bào)道一致。高淀粉酶血癥與PEP的主要發(fā)生機(jī)制相似,與手術(shù)器械對(duì)乳頭及胰管機(jī)械性損傷、外界細(xì)菌移位或逆行感染產(chǎn)生炎性損傷、注入造影劑對(duì)胰管及其內(nèi)容物造成流體及化學(xué)性動(dòng)力損傷、各種術(shù)源性刺激激活胰酶原、水解胰腺組織產(chǎn)生酶學(xué)損傷、術(shù)中熱力性損傷有關(guān)[23]。也有研究[24]報(bào)道,與膽道支架及鼻膽管置入有關(guān),而Cotton等[25]多因素分析認(rèn)為,膽道支架及鼻膽管置入與高淀粉酶血癥發(fā)生并無直接關(guān)系。本研究中兩組患者行ERCP取石前聯(lián)合行EST,部分聯(lián)合行EPBD,可能系術(shù)中插管、乳頭擴(kuò)張持續(xù)性機(jī)械性刺激及熱力損傷導(dǎo)致乳頭水腫引起胰管內(nèi)壓力增高、胰腺實(shí)質(zhì)損傷有關(guān)。兩組高淀粉酶血癥患者經(jīng)積極保守治療后痊愈出院,均未進(jìn)一步發(fā)展為PEP。出血是ERCP術(shù)后最嚴(yán)重的并發(fā)癥之一,有研究[26]報(bào)道其發(fā)生率為0.3%~2.0%,其主要原因?yàn)镋ST。對(duì)術(shù)后出血者,可再次內(nèi)鏡下止血或介入、手術(shù)方法止血。鼻膽引流組有3例發(fā)生出血,術(shù)中出血者均予噴灑腎上腺素及止血夾夾閉處理,術(shù)后出血者再次內(nèi)鏡檢查后乳頭周圍未見活動(dòng)性出血,積極保守治療后痊愈。
Bajbouj等[27]指出長期留置支架會(huì)引起支架移位、堵塞、膽管炎及穿孔等并發(fā)癥可能。研究[28-29]表明,因支架堵塞發(fā)生支架相關(guān)膽管炎發(fā)病率為3.5%~40%。Pisello等[30]研究指出長期膽道支架引流引起支架相關(guān)膽管炎病死率可達(dá)6.7%。改良支架組1例患者術(shù)后第12周支架未自行脫落,為避免長期留置支架相關(guān)并發(fā)癥發(fā)生,再次經(jīng)十二指腸鏡取出。Sofuni等[31]多中心隨機(jī)對(duì)照研究認(rèn)為,應(yīng)用可自行脫落胰管支架能有效預(yù)防PEP,相關(guān)并發(fā)癥發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)低。但Nishiwaki等[32]報(bào)道,為預(yù)防PEP而留置自行脫落胰管支架可引起腹膜后穿孔。在本研究中改良支架組未發(fā)生支架移位、堵塞、斷裂、感染、穿孔等并發(fā)癥,可能是因改良7Fr胰管支架腸腔端的單豬尾結(jié)構(gòu)能有效防止支架近端移位、減少腸腔黏膜壓迫,避免膽道及十二指腸穿孔發(fā)生。經(jīng)人工改良去除膽管端側(cè)翼結(jié)構(gòu)能增加自發(fā)脫落可能[33]、降低人為干預(yù)率、足時(shí)有效引流同時(shí)避免長期留置支架引發(fā)膽管堵塞、損傷及膽管炎。對(duì)隨訪時(shí)間>3個(gè)月未自行脫落者,及時(shí)二次內(nèi)鏡取出可避免支架相關(guān)并發(fā)癥發(fā)生。
本研究中改良支架組術(shù)后舒適度高于鼻膽引流組,可能是因?yàn)椴捎酶牧家裙苤Ъ苄心懙纼?nèi)引流后,減少帶管、拔管帶來的鼻咽部刺激?!陡文懸韧饪菩g(shù)后加速康復(fù)專家共識(shí)(2015版)》[34]認(rèn)為減少應(yīng)激是加速康復(fù)外科理念的核心原則,是加速患者術(shù)后康復(fù)的基礎(chǔ)。改良支架組術(shù)后首次進(jìn)飲、進(jìn)食時(shí)間早于對(duì)照組,術(shù)后早期經(jīng)口進(jìn)食、進(jìn)飲符合加速康復(fù)外科理念[35],可促進(jìn)胃腸功能恢復(fù)、減輕腸道應(yīng)激、減少液體負(fù)荷。加速患者康復(fù)不是單純追求縮短住院時(shí)長,本研究中兩組患者經(jīng)評(píng)估達(dá)出院標(biāo)準(zhǔn),改良支架組術(shù)后住院時(shí)間短于鼻膽管引流組。
改良支架組中膽道引流支架多數(shù)自行脫落,自行脫落率為83.05%,但有9例患者未復(fù)查,自行脫落率可能高于文獻(xiàn)[5-6]報(bào)道水平。改良支架自行脫落分析可能與下列因素有關(guān):(1)EST破壞乳頭括約肌功能;(2)胰管支架側(cè)翼錨定結(jié)構(gòu)在置入膽道前經(jīng)人工改良去除;(3)單豬尾結(jié)構(gòu)置于十二指腸腔內(nèi)增大與食物、流體運(yùn)動(dòng)摩擦面積;(4)改良胰管支架具有多發(fā)側(cè)孔,膽汁隨側(cè)孔引出降低支架與膽管內(nèi)壁的摩擦系數(shù);(5)十二指腸自身蠕動(dòng)因素;(6)多數(shù)患者合并膽總管擴(kuò)張。
綜上所述,膽管結(jié)石患者經(jīng)ERCP取盡結(jié)石后,應(yīng)用去除側(cè)翼錨定結(jié)構(gòu)改良的7Fr胰管塑料支架行膽道內(nèi)引流與鼻膽管引流療效相當(dāng),且能提升患者術(shù)后舒適度、加速患者術(shù)后康復(fù),且自行脫落率高,臨床應(yīng)用具有安全性及有效性。需指出的是,此研究為單中心回顧性研究,樣本量較少,存在選擇偏倚,仍有一定局限性,還需多中心、大樣本前瞻性隨機(jī)對(duì)照研究驗(yàn)證。
倫理學(xué)聲明:本研究方案經(jīng)由貴州醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院倫理委員會(huì)審批,批號(hào):2023倫審第344號(hào)。ERCP前均獲得每位患者及家屬的書面知情同意。利益沖突聲明:本文不存在任何利益沖突。作者貢獻(xiàn)聲明:李佳林負(fù)責(zé)課題設(shè)計(jì),資料分析,撰寫論文;任笠坤、冉勛、夏紹萱、周昱彤、黃鑫參與核查數(shù)據(jù),修改論文;韓民負(fù)責(zé)擬定寫作思路,指導(dǎo)撰寫文章并最后定稿。
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收稿日期:2022-12-12;錄用日期:2023-02-07
本文編輯:林姣
引證本文:LI JL, REN LK, RAN X, et al. Safety and efficacy of modified pancreatic duct stent in biliary drainage after complete bile duct stone removal by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography[J]. J Clin Hepatol, 2023, 39(8): 1911-1918.