Ｕｎｉｔｓ８—１０句子解密

謝　昊

Unit 8

1.Is it someone in your family? 是不是你家里的人？

解讀 (1)it在此句中指人，表示說話時不清楚的對象可以用it代替。例如：

——Who is it? 是哪位？——Its me. 我。

Sorry!I didnt know it was you. 對不起！我不知道是你。

(2)it除上述用法外，還有：

①代替前文提到過的事物。

There is a documentary on TV; it starts at 8:15 p.m.

電視上要播出一部記錄片，晚上8:15開始。

②表示時間、天氣、距離等。

Its rather humid today. 今天挺潮濕。

Its September 10th, Teachers Day. 今天是9月10號，教師節(jié)。

Quite far, its about 2 hours drive. 挺遠(yuǎn)的，開車大約得兩個小時。

③作形式主語或賓語，代替動詞不定式、動名詞或者從句，使原來的這些主語可以放在句子后部，免得句子顯得頭重腳輕。

Its very nice of you to say so. 你這么說真是太感謝你了。

Its time for us to get up. 我們該起床了。

Its no use talking to him about it. 跟他談這事沒用。

Its true that a new kind of microwave oven is on show in the supermarket. 是真的，超市里展出了一款新式的微波爐。

警示 it在一個具體的語言環(huán)境中指代人是暫時的，一旦不清楚的對象弄明白后，就要改用相應(yīng)的人稱代詞。例如：

——Whos singing? 誰在唱歌？

——Its Ma Lili. Shes preparing for a contest.

馬莉莉。她在準(zhǔn)備比賽。

應(yīng)用 指出下列句子中的it屬于下列用法中的哪一種。

A.指代前文提到過的東西 B.指代人

C.表示時間、天氣、距離等 D.作形式主語或賓語

①You cant eat your cake and have it.

②Oh, its you; glad to meet you!

③It was late autumn.

④How much does it cost to send a letter by air?

⑤Its pity that she didnt come to my party.

⑥Is it your sister, Jenny?

⑦I found it difficult to go to sleep.

⑧Its getting dark.

解答

①A ②B ③C ④D ⑤D ⑥B ⑦D ⑧C

2.Dogs are too difficult to take care of. 狗不容易照料好。

解讀 (1)too…to的意思是“太……而不能……”。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為“too+形容詞(副詞)+to+動詞原形”。例如：

Nothing is too difficult (to do) if you put your heart in it.

(諺)世上無難事，只怕有心人。

The elephant is too big to go through the gate.

大象太大了，無法通過這個門。

The next day she got up too late to catch the early bus.

第二天，她起床太晚，沒有趕上早班車。

如果動詞不定式有自己的邏輯主語，須用for sb.，并置于它的前面。例如：

The story was too long for me to understand. 故事太長，我無法理解。

It was raining too hard for them to go on with the match.

雨下得太大了，他們無法繼續(xù)比賽。

(2)take care of照顧，照料

Take care of yourself!保重自己！

警示 ①too…to…句型中的程度副詞too不能被very, quite, so等詞代替。

②下列說法是錯誤的：

She thinks English is too hard to learn it.

因?yàn)橹髡ZEnglish在邏輯上就是learn的賓語，所以必須去掉it。

再如：

The sports shoes are too expensive to buy. (不能在buy后接them)

Please take good care of your school things. 請保管好你的學(xué)習(xí)用品。

I cant go with you. I have a little sister to take care of.

我不能與你一起去，我要照看小妹。

須注意的是：上句句尾的介詞of不能丟掉，因?yàn)樵谶壿嬌蟭o take care of所修飾的詞a little sister就是它的賓語。再如：

Ive no pen to write with. 我沒有鋼筆寫。(不可丟掉with)

The bed is too hard to sleep on.

床太硬了，叫人無法睡。(不可丟掉on)

應(yīng)用 選擇填空。

①There are ____ many new words in each unit to learn; I want to give up.

A. so B. too C. very D. quite

②Im afraid that sweater is too dear ____.

A. to buy B. to buy it C. buying D. buying it

③Young trees should be taken ____ care ____.

A. good, / B. well, / C. good, of D. well, of

④Take care ____ a cold, Li Yang!

A. not to catch B. not catching C. not of D. of no

解答

①B too…to…太……而不能……

②A 主語sweater在邏輯上就是buy的賓語，不須用it。

③C care是名詞，須用形容詞修飾，主語young trees就是take care的賓語，所以不能去掉of。

④A take care not to do sth.當(dāng)心不要……

3.Sometimes I dont have enough time to spend with her.

有時候，我沒有足夠的時間與她共處。

解讀 (1)sometimes有時

Tea is sometimes a kind of drink, sometimes a light meal between lunch and dinner. 茶有時指一種飲品，有時指中、晚餐之間的輕淡的一餐。