李偉宏

[摘要]:在看了《教師閱讀教育論文60篇》以后，筆者又反思了自己最近一次的作文教學，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己以前的作文課教學方法并未使學生的寫作能力得到提高，所以，筆者進行了一次教學方法的改革。

[關(guān)鍵詞]:作文 教學方法 體會 反思

在看了《教師閱讀教育論文60篇》以后，筆者又反思了自己最近一次的作文教學。本月20日是每周一次的作文課，以前筆者總是為了節(jié)省時間，讓同學們回家完成作文內(nèi)容，結(jié)果自然是同學之間有相互借鑒的，有翻找資料和書籍查寫的，套用一些現(xiàn)成的話語，未能達到提高學生寫作能力的目的，所以，筆者決定“改革”一次——利用上課20分鐘時間（按高考標準）完成一篇作文，內(nèi)容是My school life。

一、教學定位的思考

我們高二英語Module2的幾篇閱讀內(nèi)容分別是Highlights of My senior year, After-school activities, My schooldays.所以，針對課堂的教學內(nèi)容和學生的生活實際，筆者給學生確立了題目My school life,要求分3段寫。第一部要求寫目前學校的情況及課外活動，第二部分主要寫your ideal school包括your favorite activities and explain the reason。第三部分主要寫your highlights at school.作為高二學生，他們的認識能力比初中階段有進一步的發(fā)展。形成獲取信息，處理信息，分析問題和解決問題的能力。因此，培養(yǎng)提高學生的語言輸出能力就特別重要。他們的學習也應(yīng)由死記硬背轉(zhuǎn)向理解型，應(yīng)用型，學會把語言學習與現(xiàn)實生活聯(lián)系起來，不再認為英語課堂學習很枯燥，同時傳達學生一種積極向上的樂觀的生活態(tài)度。

二、動態(tài)生成問題的思考

1.在批改的過程中，筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)多數(shù)同學能學會學以至用，把我們平時復(fù)述課文中的句子運用到作文中去。但讓我出乎意料的是，有些學生的語言輸出能力幾乎為零。這也讓我不禁反思我在閱讀教學中的語言輸入問題，尤其是對這些“問題”同學的教學，應(yīng)多給予他們一些關(guān)注，從一點一滴做起，哪怕是一點點進步也應(yīng)給予他們肯定、鼓勵和表揚，所以，我欣然的在他們的作文本上寫上：Its really better than before. congratulations.課后還有幾個同學竟然主動問我如何改正文章中的錯句，他們欣喜的同時，我也感到了一絲的欣慰。

2.學生在作文中提到了對學校regulations的一些個人見解，文中是這樣寫的：But our school regulations are strict. Being punctual for classes was essential. Still there are so many silly rules for us to follow, which irritate or upset me. We have lots of homework to do and have limited time to relax ourselves. So I would like to see a new shorter timetable introduced in the future.對于學生這樣的個人見解，作為老師的我也很同情他們，但是在情感教育方面，還是應(yīng)該給學生以正確的引導(dǎo)，讓學生以一種積極的（positive）心態(tài)來學習，參加學校的各項活動，遵守學校的各項規(guī)章制度，充分做好迎接挑戰(zhàn)的準備。

三、教學設(shè)計的思考

筆者是根據(jù)學生的實際情況和課時的安排，將完整的一節(jié)作文課分為兩節(jié)課各占一部分，即第一節(jié)課的后20多分鐘用來學生寫作，第二節(jié)課的前20分鐘用來作文講評（因為我要在批改學生的作文后，才能做作文講評）。步驟如下：

1.學生寫作（提出寫作要求，人稱/事態(tài)/段落/內(nèi)容/速度/詞組/句式等）。

2.學生出現(xiàn)錯誤的單詞拼寫、詞匯和句子，教師整理后，全班改錯。

3.典型錯句，寫在黑板上，全班集體找錯。

4.全班4人一組，互評互改他人作文（之前我已批過，對于有符號的主要改正）課堂上激發(fā)了學生學習的興趣，尤其是有了典型的例子之后，學生的熱情空前高漲，他們在利用已有的教學資源的基礎(chǔ)上，在體驗中互相借鑒，取長補短，合作學習，互幫互助。

5.全班欣賞好詞佳句（課前使用多媒體做好課件）。

欣賞的句子（學生作文中選的）：

(1)I have fun studying all kinds of subjects.

(2)Believe it or not, I think my school will have a beautiful playground and a basketball court.

(3)We are keen on the after-class activities.

(4)I like my school life. I think many years later when I find myself recalling the life, I will be happy.

(5)This is the first time that I have written my school life.

(6)Because it not only encourages me how to face the life, but also it teaches me how to share feelings and ideas with each other.

(7)Though it maybe not come true, I wish it could.

(8)At school the highlight is the sports meeting. Everyone made contributions to their class. And we shared much delicious food.

(9)I have a lot of things to do and a lot of problems to solve. So I have little time to play with each other.

(10)We have lots of homework and have limited time to relax ourselves. So I would like to see a new shorter timetable introduced in the future.

(11)The school life is very meaningful. In other words the school had better offered the students more chances to know the society with a heated competition.

(12)It offers us some places where we can play.

(13)But our school regulations are strict. Being punctual for classes was essential. But there are also so many silly rules for us to follow which irritate or upset me.

6.選出幾篇好的作文，全班欣賞（課前做好課件，學生打分——按高考作文評分的標準，比較與老師打的分值是否相符，并由學生評出理由）。

學生的一篇作文，全班欣賞：

Compared with the life in the film, my school life seems very simple. Many days is just like a day. I'm bored with biology. Everyone believes that the school will be more beautiful in the future. Me too.

My ideal school should have many after-class activities to help students develop their social skills, Which are very important. By taking part in the activities, students can show their own abilities and get on well with others. As a student in 21th century social skills are very essential.

The highlight of the year was the Christmas party. That day everyone dressed up and presented themselves.

All in all, no matter what the school life seems, I think it will be more colourful.

通過多種形式的激發(fā)和培養(yǎng)，優(yōu)化課堂教學過程和教學方法，不僅僅能拓展課本教學內(nèi)容，完成教學目標，而且能極大的提高學生學習的熱情，這是我的感悟。

四、教學效果的思考

課后，針對作文講評，筆者詢問了部分同學?？傮w上，多數(shù)同學認為這節(jié)課收獲較多。學生表示，尤其是好的作文與自己的作文比較，感覺自己語言貧乏，字組句式“用時方恨少”，以后要多進行語言輸入。

量的積累是質(zhì)變的前提，這一點筆者也同意。但是筆者個人感到不滿意的是，沒有足夠的時間讓學生模仿或背誦好的語句與片段。另外，學生在互批互改的過程中，交流的時間不多，交流不充分，不能保證每位同學都有展示和收益的機會。作文課的批改量很大，教師必須在講評課之前，掌握第一手材料，然后分類歸納，后續(xù)工作量極大，對老師的確是一個“挑戰(zhàn)”。