Abstract: There are many new ideas on the revolution roads about rural areas surrounding cities, some of which are difficult to set up, and the others also need examination. Among there ideas, the ideas that Mao Zedong is the main founder and Zhou Enlai is a leading pioneer on the roads of Chinese Revolution is more appropriate.

armed separatist; city centre; rural center; armed struggle

Abstract:Philosophy has a conceptual history from positivism to post-positivism. Vienna Circle elaborated the epistemological dimension of Comte’s ideas, which became a theory about "unity of science". However, because of the contradiction between their privileged logicism and their professed role as "underlaborer", post-positivists, for example, Quine, Kuhn and "Science Studies", challenged several central tenets of positivism: the distinction between theory and observation, the context of discovery and the context of justification, besides, the factual and the normative.

Keywords: positivism; post-positivism; theory and observation; the context of discovery and the context of justification; the fact and the standard

Abstract: Collins’s empirical program of relativism is the expansion of "symmetry principle", trying to leaving a space for nature while he mines social factors of achieving scientific consensus. But he cannot explain how technical products come into being and cannot prove philosophical relativism. So he turned to the methodological relativism, trying to steer clear of philosophical questions, and therefore he suffered criticism from philosophers and scientists. However, methodological relativism still cannot solve "the problem of legitimacy" and "public engagement". He starts to research SEE in the beginning of 21st century, which effectively solve "problem of legitimacy" and "problem of extension" in sociological approach.

Keywords: empirical program of relativism; SEE; problem of legitimacy; problem of extension; public engagement

Abstract: Nowadays, sociology of scientific knowledge, referred as SSK for short, is regarded as one of representative genres of extreme relativism in the field of philosophy of science because of its social constructivism opinion in epistemology. The philosophical basis of the SSK lies in the transformation of "underdetermination" and "observation lades theory" from the traditional philosophy of science in term of Durkheim's viewpoint. However, this transformation can not establish a strong relationship between the society and scientific theory, which leads to the crisis of its theory.

Keywords: sociology of scientific knowledge; data and theory; underdetermination

Abstract: Heidegger thinks that the "disgrace of philosophy" does not consist in the fact that we have no proof of the reality of the world, and we never can theoretically make our world to explain clearly, but in the fact that such proofs are expected and attempted again and again. However we completely forget the people exists maturely. Thus the philosophical practice and the living practice guidance by it always fall into a confused state. So we must remember the people exist maturely. To wash the disgrace of philosophy lies in clarifying people living level. Thus we can complete the event of the philosophy and our living practice lead by the way of leap-ahead, and we also can avoid confusion and trepidation.

Keywords: Da-sein; Existentialism; care; authenticity and inauthenticity; ordinary people

Abstract: In ancient Chinese history, monarchs and Monarch politics is a very important historical phenomenon. To discuss this historical phenomenon and essence is one of the important topics of the theory of China ancient history, which can be called "Monarch Theory". The monarchic theory in the Wei, Jin and the southern and Northern dynasties and Sui, Tang dynasties has revealed the relationship between the monarch and the rise and fall of dynasties, self-cultivation target of the monarchy and the rules for being a King, which not only enrich the connotation of the ancient Chinese monarch theory, but also have an effect on the politics, and have a far-reaching impact on later generations in thought and theory.

Keywords: Wei, Jin, Sui, Tang Dynasties; the monarch theory; history of emperors; On the Emperors; The Emperor Regulation; the rules for being a king

Abstract: After the publication of my book Qing Shi Kao Zheng, we find more materials to add and some mistakes to revise. This article involves poets like Xu Fengji, Huang Chuanzu, Cheng Feng, Wang Zhongru, Li Xiang, poetry societies like Dong Xuan Yin She, Nian Xia Shi Zi, poem collections like Tian Xia Min Jia Shi Cheng, Tai Yuan Er Zi Shi. Although it is a redaction and supplement of Qing Shi Kao Zheng, it also has great significance of Qing Shi research.

Keywords: Qing poem; Qing Shi Kao Zheng; redaction and supplement

Abstract: Based on Postscript to Six Chapters of a Floating Life written by Wang Tao in Anthology of Taoyuan for Yang Yinchuan, the author examined that the Six Chapters of a Floating Life that Wang Tao read in his youth was not the same manuscript with that one got by Yang Yinchuan in Lengtan. The manuscript Wang Tao ever read includes the six quatrains inscribed by Guan in Yanghu, and it may be Shen Sanbai’s manuscript. This manuscript was once collected in Cao’s Little Retreaingt House in Suzhou, the home of Wang Tao’s relative and alumni Cao Liqing.

Keywords: Six Chapters of a Floating Life; Wang Tao; Yang Yinchuan; Cao Liqing; little retreating house; lotus tea

Abstract: "Sketches" is a brief to reveal the truth of life grand narrative stylistic. Interpenetrating between fusion and modern fiction is generated the Sketch in fiction, flourished in the 1930s. Replace the narrative of the 1920s sketches novel "personalized image" and the 1930s sketch novel scene fragments of "scenes" narrative. The stylistic norms of the 1930s sketches novel are closely associated with the special atmosphere of that "scene" narrative demands rational requirements in line with the times. This is the modern sketches novel stylistic value.

Keywords: modern literature; sketch novel; scenes narrative; stylistic value

Abstract: While network society makes human being to develop and progress, it also brings them a variety of ethical conflicts and moral dilemmas. Network people are the behavioral subject of network society, whose moral consciousness is the key to solving these ethical conflicts and moral dilemmas. Once establishing their "moral world outlook ", network people can develop or discard the bound of natural impulses, insist on the essence of duty and run after "true liberty ", which ensures network society to develop harmoniously and orderly.

Keywords: network people; network society; moral world outlook

RuralAreasSurroundingCities:onMaoZe-DongandZhouEn-Lai’sContributions

WANG Hao

(Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu 223001, China)

PhilosophyofScience:fromPositivismtoPost-positivism

John H. Zammito

(Rice University, Houston, USA)

FromEmpiricalProgramofRelativismtoSEE—RethinkingtheSSKofHarryCollins

ZHAO Xi-Feng

(Department of Philosophy, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China)

ThePhilosophicalDimensionofSSK—FromthePerspectiveofUnderdetermination

XIA Yi-zhou, CAI Zhong

(Department of Philosophy, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China)

AstrayandLeap-ahead:PracticalSignificancetoHeidegger’sExistentialismofDa-sein

LUO Long-xiang1, BAO Ke-wei2

(1.Department of Philosophy, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China； 2.School of Humanities, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China)

OntheMonarchTheoryofWei,Jin,Sui,TangDynasties

QU Lin-dong

(School of History, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

TheRedactionandSupplementofQingShiKaoZheng

ZHU Ze-jie

(College of Media and International Culture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310028, China)

TimeandVersionofWangTao’sFirstReadingSixChaptersofFloatingLife

ZHANG Yi-min

(Library, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, Jiangsu 223300, China)

"Scenes"Narrative:TheStylisticValueofModernChineseSketchesNovel

WANG Ai-jun

(School of Chinese Language and Culture, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210097, China)

OnMoralWorldOutlookofNetworkPeople

WANG Hui

(Department of Humanities and Social Science, Henan Institute of Engineering, Zhengzhou, Henan 451191, China)