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      語(yǔ)法之部分倒裝教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

      2013-04-29 09:49:54宋利
      新課程學(xué)習(xí)·上 2013年5期
      關(guān)鍵詞:助動(dòng)詞句首主句

      宋利

      【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】

      知識(shí)目標(biāo):

      1.Find out the functions of partial inversion in sentences.

      2.Discover the structures of partial inversion in sentences.

      技能目標(biāo):

      Learn to use partial inversion.

      【重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)】

      Master the usage of partial inversion

      【設(shè)計(jì)原則】

      1.小組合作學(xué)習(xí)與任務(wù)型教法結(jié)合

      教學(xué)中運(yùn)用小組討論和定點(diǎn)提問(wèn)方式實(shí)施課堂活動(dòng)。由復(fù)習(xí)一般疑問(wèn)句開(kāi)始,再進(jìn)行定點(diǎn)式提問(wèn),再進(jìn)行互改句式,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)入新課語(yǔ)法,后采用小組學(xué)習(xí)和任務(wù)型教學(xué)相結(jié)合教學(xué)。

      2.多元評(píng)價(jià)與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制

      在小組活動(dòng)中開(kāi)展小組競(jìng)賽,導(dǎo)用競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制和課堂評(píng)價(jià)策略,加強(qiáng)自主學(xué)習(xí)和合作性學(xué)習(xí),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生思維創(chuàng)意識(shí)。

      【教學(xué)步驟】

      一、溫故知新

      由于各知識(shí)點(diǎn)之間有聯(lián)系,在講授新課時(shí)采用先復(fù)習(xí)前面的相關(guān)知識(shí),既可做到知識(shí)鞏固,又可起橋梁作用。

      1.Step 1 Revision 復(fù)習(xí)一般疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成

      將下列句子改為一般疑問(wèn)句:

      He is a hard-working boy.

      They were busy doing their homework.

      2.方法指引

      (1)Rules:如果句中有be動(dòng)詞,將be動(dòng)詞移到句首。

      The boy absorbed in the novel can play the piano.

      Students should concentrate on their studies.

      (2)如果句中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞移到句首。

      Tom has learned 2000 English words by now.

      Her brothers have been to Paris twice.

      (3)如果是將來(lái)時(shí)和完成時(shí),則將結(jié)構(gòu)詞will、would、has、have、had移到句首。

      They often walk to school.

      Lucy got up late yesterday.

      (4)如果行為動(dòng)詞在句中直接作謂語(yǔ),則要在句首添加助動(dòng)詞do、does、did,且原謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要改為原形。

      二、承前啟后

      鞏固練習(xí)完成之后,我們依托學(xué)生先期的預(yù)習(xí)、老師的前期任務(wù)布置,開(kāi)始新知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí),主要借助小組學(xué)習(xí)、教師任務(wù)型安排來(lái)開(kāi)展教學(xué)工作。

      1.小組提煉

      Step 2 New lesson

      Task 1 Read the sentences from text A Unit 3 世紀(jì)英語(yǔ) 綜合教程

      (1)So impressed was Ray Kroc with the brother approach that he became their national franchise agent...

      (2)Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.

      2.明確任務(wù)

      部分倒裝:部分倒裝是指將謂語(yǔ)的一部分如be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、結(jié)構(gòu)詞倒裝至主語(yǔ)之前。如果句中的謂語(yǔ)沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、結(jié)構(gòu)詞,則需添加助動(dòng)詞do,does或did,并將其置于主語(yǔ)之前,同時(shí)把原謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞改為原形。

      簡(jiǎn)易記憶:部分倒裝:提前詞+一般疑問(wèn)句

      3.小組學(xué)習(xí)

      Task 2 哪些詞提前置于句首就要使用部分倒裝?

      (1)句首為否定或半否定的詞或短語(yǔ),如never,seldom,hardly,scarcely,barely,rarely,nowhere,not,at no time, in no way, by no means,in no case(絕不)...

      Never have I seen such a performance.

      Nowhere else will you find the answer to this question.

      (2)幾個(gè)否定詞提前的特殊句型。

      簡(jiǎn)易記憶:not until +時(shí)間點(diǎn)/ 從句 +部分倒裝主句

      直到10點(diǎn)他才吃早餐。

      直到做完作業(yè)她才睡覺(jué)。

      no sooner...than...,hardly / scarcely...when:一…就,剛…就

      No sooner had Black got home than the phone rang.

      Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her

      注意:前倒后不倒,即主句倒裝,從句不倒裝主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí),從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

      Can you find an easier way to master the structure?

      簡(jiǎn)易記憶:no sooner had sb. done sth. than sb. did sth.

      hardly /scarcely had sb. done when sb. did sth.

      No sooner Tom (enter)the office than it rained heavily.

      Hardly Mr. Green (arrive)when he complained.

      so/such...that句型中的so/such位于句首時(shí),需倒裝。

      So+adj./adv.+部分倒裝句子that+陳述語(yǔ)序句子

      He is so kind that we all like him.

      So kind that we all like him.

      (3)only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí),部分倒裝。

      Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.

      Only then did I realize the importance of English.

      (4)由連接詞so,neither,nor引導(dǎo)的句子作部分倒裝。

      (5)在if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句中,如有助動(dòng)詞had,should或were時(shí),可以省略if,進(jìn)行倒裝,如:

      Should anyone call, tell him to wait for me here.

      (=If anyone should call, tell him to wait for me here.)

      (6)as引導(dǎo)的倒裝句。

      (7)在某些表示祝愿的句型中:

      May you all be happy. Long live the king! May God bless you.

      三、評(píng)價(jià)與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)

      由同學(xué)們個(gè)性化學(xué)習(xí)和小組合作之后,基本懂得了部分倒裝的句式特點(diǎn),由此總結(jié)出其簡(jiǎn)記法:提前詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)結(jié)果,增加了小組競(jìng)賽和整體評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)制。

      1.小組競(jìng)賽

      組內(nèi)成員討論。小組進(jìn)行競(jìng)賽的形式,在運(yùn)用鞏固語(yǔ)法的同時(shí),能夠激發(fā)學(xué)生的合作意識(shí)與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)意識(shí),也能使課堂氣氛活躍起來(lái)。

      2.evaluation

      (1)What have we learned today?

      (2)My favorite part in this lesson is

      (3)I think the group with the best performance is

      Ask students to assess what they have learned and how good their performance is in this lesson.

      本教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)以實(shí)效為主,注重知識(shí)遷移、新知識(shí)體系的建立,利用學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)和小組合作探究,采用任務(wù)型教學(xué),多種方式下找準(zhǔn)部分倒裝句的句式特點(diǎn),總結(jié)其方法,促進(jìn)學(xué)生們高效、順利掌握相關(guān)知識(shí)。并采用課堂評(píng)價(jià)以激勵(lì)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,達(dá)到獎(jiǎng)勤罰懶功效,客觀上約束大家學(xué)習(xí),并配合競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制,做好個(gè)性化學(xué)習(xí),個(gè)性化提升。

      (作者單位 四川工商職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院)

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