楊萌 戴晴 李建初 姜玉新
(北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院超聲醫(yī)學科,北京 100730)
“胎盤血管阻力的新型評分方法”點評
楊萌 戴晴 李建初 姜玉新
(北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院超聲醫(yī)學科,北京 100730)
BackgroundUmbilical artery Doppler velocimetry is a routine method for fetal surveillance in high-risk pregnancy.Uterine artery Doppler seems to give comparable information,but it can be difficult to interpret as there are two arteries,which might show notching and/or increased pulsatility index(PI)as signs of increased vascular impedance.Combining the information on vascular resistance on both sides in a new score might simplify and improve evaluation of placental circulation.
MethodsUterine and umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry was evaluated in 633 highrisk pregnancies.The managing clinician was informed only about the umbilical artery flow.The umbilical artery flow spectrum was semiquantitatively divided into four blood flow classes(BFC),expressing signs of increasing vascular resistance.The uterine artery Doppler flow spectrum was divided into five uterine artery scores(UAS),taking into account presence/absence of notching and/or increase in PI.By adding UAS to BFC,a new placental score(PLS)was constructed with values ranging from 0 to 7,indicating general placental vascular resistance.The scores were related to three outcome variables:smallfor-gestational age(SGA),premature delivery(<37 weeks),and cesarean section.
ResultsAll three score systems showed a significant relationship between signs of increasing vascular resistance and outcome.The new PLS showed the best association to adverse outcomes,with optimal cut-off at values exceeding score 3.
ConclusionDoppler velocimetry on both sides of the placenta showed a strong relationship to an adverse outcome of pregnancy.The new PLS showed a better relationship to adverse perinatal outcome than the BFC and the UAS.The PLS can simplify evaluation of uteroplacental and fetoplacental Doppler velocimetry.
該文章2003年9月發(fā)表于《Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand》雜志。臍動脈多普勒速度參數檢查是高風險妊娠胎兒評估的常規(guī)方法。在該研究中,作者在對臍動脈及子宮動脈血流頻譜進行分級和評分的基礎上,建立了新的胎盤評分方法,并在633例高危妊娠的臨床病例中對該評分方法與血管阻力及不良預后的相關性進行驗證研究。主要內容如下:
這是一項臨床實驗性研究。作者對633例妊娠高風險孕婦(包括妊高征等)進行彩色多普勒超聲臍帶血流動力學參數檢查及隨診。將臍動脈血流頻譜按照波形特點半定量分為4類(blood flow classes,BFC),可提示血管阻力的升高;根據PI升高和(或)出現(xiàn)舒張早期切跡,將子宮動脈多普血流頻譜評分(uterine artery scores,UAS)分為5級。將BFC與UAS相加,獲得一種新的胎盤評分(placental score,PLS)方法(0~7分),提示胎盤的血管阻力狀態(tài)。進而將BFC、UAS及PLS 3種評分與胎兒發(fā)育小于孕周、早產(<37周)、剖宮產這3種妊娠結局變量進行相關性分析,結果提示上述3種評分方法均與血管阻力增高及妊娠預后有較好的相關性。其中新的胎盤評分PLS與妊娠不良預后的相關性最好,其預測閾值為PLS>3分。由此作者認為胎盤雙側的多普勒速度參數與妊娠不良預后具有較強的相關性,新胎盤評分PLS與胎兒圍產期預后的相關性優(yōu)于BFC和UAS,并能簡化現(xiàn)有的子宮-胎盤和胎兒-胎盤多普勒血流參數評估方法。
現(xiàn)有研究結果證實,對于胎兒生長受限及其他高危妊娠胎兒的評估,除了臍動脈多普勒速度參數之外,測量胎盤雙側的血管阻力也有助于提高診斷效力,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)子宮動脈阻力的升高可能較臍動脈更為敏感和顯著,因此子宮動脈多普勒參數也是高危妊娠胎兒的有效評估指標。本研究不僅在較大樣本量(633例)的高危妊娠病例中驗證了臍動脈頻譜半定量分級(UAS)對妊娠預后不良的預測價值,也證實了子宮動脈血流評分(BFC)的臨床應用價值。本研究的主要創(chuàng)新點在于進一步建立了一種結合多種血流評估參數的新型胎盤血流評分方法PLS,并通過大樣本量病例驗證了其對于胎盤血管阻力升高及妊娠預后不良具有較傳統(tǒng)血管阻力評估方法更好的預測價值。該研究結果為臨床評價胎盤整體血流狀態(tài)提供了新的量化評估方法,有助于簡化并提高多普勒超聲對高危妊娠胎兒的監(jiān)測、隨診和預后評估能力。
10.13470/j.cnki.cjpd.2014.03.017