梁 歡， 尚慶茂

(農(nóng)業(yè)部園藝作物生物學(xué)與種質(zhì)創(chuàng)制重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院蔬菜花卉研究所，北京 100081)

梁 歡， 尚慶茂*

(農(nóng)業(yè)部園藝作物生物學(xué)與種質(zhì)創(chuàng)制重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院蔬菜花卉研究所，北京 100081)

多孔一體式穴盤育苗具有節(jié)能、省力、適合機(jī)械化操作、生產(chǎn)效率高等顯著特點(diǎn)，是我國(guó)蔬菜集約化育苗的主要形式。與傳統(tǒng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)缽育苗相比，穴盤育苗采用的人工混配輕型基質(zhì)，通氣孔隙度增大，單株基質(zhì)容量減小，管理不當(dāng)極易導(dǎo)致幼苗礦質(zhì)養(yǎng)分盈虧，實(shí)時(shí)準(zhǔn)確判斷蔬菜穴盤苗養(yǎng)分狀況對(duì)壯苗育成至關(guān)重要。目前，蔬菜礦質(zhì)營(yíng)養(yǎng)診斷方法主要分為培養(yǎng)介質(zhì)(包括土壤和人工混配基質(zhì))分析法和組織分析法[1-2]，介質(zhì)分析僅能反映根系可從介質(zhì)獲得的潛在營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平，分析結(jié)果常因取樣方法、貯存條件和養(yǎng)分提取技術(shù)而產(chǎn)生偏差。組織分析剔除了介質(zhì)特性、環(huán)境因素對(duì)礦質(zhì)養(yǎng)分吸收的影響，更能直接反映植株礦質(zhì)營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀況，研究與應(yīng)用也更加廣泛。

1 材料與方法

1.1 試驗(yàn)材料

共采集了番茄17個(gè)品種，‘中雜9號(hào)’(Zhongza 9)、‘中雜15號(hào)’(Zhongza 15)、‘中雜101號(hào)’(Zhongza 101)、‘中雜105號(hào)’(Zhongza 105)、‘中雜106號(hào)’(Zhongza 106)、‘中雜108號(hào)’(Zhongza 108)、‘中雜109號(hào)’(Zhongza 109)、‘美櫻2號(hào)’(Meiying 2)、‘北京櫻桃番茄’(Beijing cherry tomato)來(lái)自中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院蔬菜花卉研究所。‘佳紅4號(hào)’(Jiahong 9)、‘佳紅5號(hào)’(Jiahong 5)、‘佳粉18號(hào)’(Jiafen 18)、‘硬粉8號(hào)’(Yingfen 8)、‘仙客1號(hào)’(Xianke 1)、‘仙客5號(hào)’(Xianke 5)、‘京丹紅小果’(Jingdan red cherry tomato)、‘京丹黃小果’(Jingdan yellow cherry tomato)來(lái)自北京京研益農(nóng)科技發(fā)展中心。

化學(xué)測(cè)定所用試劑均購(gòu)自國(guó)藥集團(tuán)化學(xué)試劑北京有限公司，AR級(jí)。

1.2 試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)

1.3 測(cè)定方法

每重復(fù)隨機(jī)選取番茄穴盤苗25株，將下胚軸、莖(子葉節(jié)至頂端生長(zhǎng)點(diǎn))、各葉位葉柄和葉片分別取樣，剪成1 cm小段(下胚軸、莖、葉柄)或1 cm×1 cm小塊(葉片)，壓蒜器榨取汁液，收集至1.5 mL離心管，4℃冰箱保存?zhèn)錅y(cè)。

采用Microsoft Excel 2003和SAS 9.2進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。

2 結(jié)果與分析

3 討論

4 結(jié)論

表4 番茄穴盤苗不同組織-N閾值

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LIANG Huan, SHANG Qing-mao*

(KeyLaboratoryofBiologyandGeneticImprovementofHorticulturalCrops,MinistryofAgriculture;InstituteofVegetablesandFlowers,ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Beijing100081,China)

2014-02-17 接受日期： 2014-10-16 網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版日期: 2015-02-04

國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31172001)； 現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項(xiàng)資金(CARS-25)； 公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)(201303014)； 中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院科技創(chuàng)新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS)資助。

梁歡(1990—)，女，山西臨汾人，碩士研究生，主要從事蔬菜苗期發(fā)育調(diào)控方面的研究。E-mail：lianghuanconf@126.com * 通信作者 E-mail：shangqingmao@caas.cn

S625.5+4； S641.2

A

1008-505X(2015)03-0709-10