單句語法填空專項訓(xùn)練

河南 張英杰

單句語法填空專項訓(xùn)練

河南 張英杰

1.Many of our schools are failing for reasons______have little to do with education but with larger problems such as poverty，unemployment，violence.

2.Though rather______（discourage），Bowerman insisted and went on to form his own company，making NIKE athletic shoes.

3._____（show）respect for others is important as well as necessary in our life.

4.On the contrary，_____is thought that opening online stores will distract students from their study.

5.Reading is obviously beneficial to both our life and study，______can not only broaden our horizon but enrich our life as well.

6.They make sure your morning post arrives free from damages______（cause）by rats and mice.

7.It houses a diverse collection of more than 2 300 examples of European art_____（range）from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.

8.It was the language_____helped shape the way I saw things，expressed ideas，and made sense of the world.

9.Where you live，your knowledge level and your age will decide______school you can attend.

10.I ask her all the questions that have been left______（unanswer）in my mind，and pray she will answer.

11.______made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasn’t being “replaced”.

12.Those serving in our armed forces，in our emergency services and in our hospitals，_____sense of duty takes them away from family and friends，will be missing those they love.

13.This precious little girl，through the connection with music，left an impression_____me that will last forever.

14.Dr.Nick Wright，who led the study，explains，_____or not fairness is a uniquely human motivation has been a source of argument.

15.More than 62 percent of them admitted that they were addicted to______（check）their e-mails and text messages so often that they scrutinized work-related ones even when at home or on holiday.

16.For the present，it is nuclear weapons that cause the most serious danger，but bacteriological or chemical weapons may，before long，offer an even______（great）threat.

17.What parents do，in other words，is of deep concern to the state，for the obvious reason_____caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society.

18.He returned to his room，tears______（run）down.

19.It’s best to have a copy of the original stories，_____ the original drawings done by Beatrix Potter herself.

20.What is it that makes mobile phones_____（potential）harmful？

21.Earning 1 200 yuan （$169） per month working in a factory is better than that on a farm，but______Wang points out，it’s not a dream career.

22.The______（simple）information，the smaller the package and the narrower the bandwidth needed to deliver it.

23.If it hadn’t come to get me，the doctor said Jack would have died，_____I lived up to those grades and defined myself according to those letters，I would have never confidently sought my writing career.

24.What most people are less aware of，however，are the effects that a vegetarian diet can have_____the environment.

25.Only_____going alone in silence can one truly get into the heart of the wilderness.

26.When people ask me whether being in the White House has changed my husband，I can honestly say that when _____comes to his character，and his heart，Barack Obama is still the same man I fell in love with all those years ago.

27.They left then，holding their papers_____the wind.

28.In my case，I found one，or perhaps it found me，at a turning point_____I was turning my back on everything I had known.

29.It is important in some places where clean air can mean_____difference life and death，such as hospitals.

30.Jack Gleeson，17，a high school student working a summer job at the airport，caught up to Schum，with Bochter’s help，______（lift）the chain-link fence and brought Brillo underneath it.

31.I’ve decided to find reasons to enjoy each day as if it ______（be）all I had.

32.Recent years of shortages_____（lead） to increased efforts，according to report，which included recruiting men into the field.

33.So well known and beloved is Barnes_____the city of Hamilton built up a statue in his honor.

34.Looking back_____this experience，I learned a very important lesson∶ You can’t afford to doubt yourself.

35.If people eat natural poisons，they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs______（empty）.

36.You must determine your destination，go straight，and jump over all the harriers as if in parkour and never fall back from them in you life，to reach the destination______（success）.

37.I_____believe that God has given us some time left to plant some wonderful memories that will bloom every year for us.

38.Wrong_____they were，it was a really severe and difficult battle getting back into the mainstream of life.

39.Boodle fight mirrors the soldiers’ struggle for survival in the jungles where food is scarce and there is no choice but ______（eat）anything they find in the middle of nowhere.

40.In hot summer，people turn on the air-conditioner ______returning home.

41.This was not the first time I______（hear）such a statement，but with graduation fast coming close，her words especially struck me.

42.If you’re tired of your job search resulting in dead-end responses，_____（take）advantage of this free service and give yourself a huge advantage in the job marketplace.

43.As a result，Isabelle_____（receive ）blood transfusions（輸血） every 4～6 weeks since she was 11 months old.

44.And contrary_____what scientists say，the crack of lightning and the accompanying flash happen at exactly the same time，wherever you are.

45.______took a terrible tragedy to make ship travel safer for all.

46.The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions（排放）_____80 percent by 2050，part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero-carbon by 2016.

47.Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task，while ______had to learn for themselves.

48.So if a man didn’t want to be left out，his only choice was to dance with another man so that he_____attract the attention of the few available women.

49.Now some people may think I’m a bad mother and not such a great wife______.

50.Some years ago，the group______which Sparrow belonged was taken over by another company.

51.There is no_____（great）comfort for an educator than to see the end result of his or her years of work.

52.When we read the end together out loud in class，my toughest boy，a star basketball player，wept a little，and so ______I.

53.For the last seven years，I______（work）as a reading enrichment teacher，reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight.

54.Proudly reading my words，I glanced around the room，only______（find）my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes.

55.Two friends have an______（argue）that break up their friendship forever，even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started.

56.Rather than getting up to check on whether the laundry is done，users will______monitor it on their phones while watching TV.

57.Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults，which in turn can lead to_____（violent）.

58.This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time_____relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming.

59.The speed limit for bicycles on campus is 15 mph，______otherwise posted.

60.I am blind，so I_____have been a terrible danger on the roads.

【參考答案及解析】

1.【解析】that/which。考查定語從句。that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞“reasons”，符合語境。

2.【解析】discouraged?？疾槭÷?。“Though rather discouraged”是省略句，即：當(dāng)主從句主語一致時，從句的主語和系動詞可以省略，補充完整應(yīng)該是：Though he was rather discouraged。

3.【解析】Showing?？疾閯用~。此處showing是動名詞作主語，符合語境。

4.【解析】it?？疾榇~。it作形式主語，that引導(dǎo)真正的主語從句，符合語境。

5.【解析】which?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞reading，符合語境。

6.【解析】caused。考查非謂語動詞。cause和句子謂語“arrive”之間沒有連詞，故用非謂語動詞，且和介詞“by”形成呼應(yīng)，故用過去分詞作后置定語，修飾名詞“damages”。

7.【解析】ranging?？疾榉侵^語動詞。range和句子謂語“house”之間沒有連詞，且和其邏輯主語“collection”之間構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。

8.【解析】that。考查強調(diào)句型。“It is...that...”是強調(diào)句型，其判斷方式是把“It is...that...”去掉，句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思仍完整。本句是對句子的主語“the language”進行強調(diào)，符合語境。

9.【解析】what。考查名詞性從句。what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中作定語，修飾名詞“school”。

10.【解析】unanswered。 考查非謂語動詞?？崭裉幒推溥壿嬛髡Z“all the questions”之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合“l(fā)eave sth.done”可知，過去分詞unanswered符合題意。

11.【解析】What?？疾槊~性從句。what引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中作主語。

12.【解析】whose?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作定語，修飾先行詞“those”。

13.【解析】on?？疾榻樵~。根據(jù)固定短語搭配：leave an impression on sb.意為“給某人留下印象”，符合語境，故用介詞on。

14.【解析】whether?？疾闋钫Z從句。whether引導(dǎo)狀語從句，在從句中作狀語，與語境“or not”呼應(yīng)。

15.【解析】checking。考查動名詞。根據(jù)固定短語搭配：be addicted to sth./doing sth.意為“沉溺于，做某事上癮”。to是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。

16.【解析】greater?？疾樾稳菰~比較級。far/even/ much往往修飾形容詞或副詞比較級，且與名詞“threat”呼應(yīng)，故用greater。

17.【解析】that?？疾槊~性從句。that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，在從句中不作句子成分，對同位語“reason”的內(nèi)容進行補充說明，符合語境。

18.【解析】running?？疾榉侵^語動詞。run和句子謂語“return”之間沒有連詞，故用非謂語動詞，且和其邏輯主語“tears”在邏輯上構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。本句前后主語不同，是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。

19.【解析】with?？疾閣ith的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。with+名詞/代詞+非謂語動詞/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語，即with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句子中作狀語，符合語境。

20.【解析】potentially。考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。副詞經(jīng)常修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞，甚至整個句子，作狀語。potentially是副詞，修飾形容詞“harmful”，符合語境。

21.【解析】as。考查狀語從句。as引導(dǎo)狀語從句，在從句中作狀語，意為“正如”，符合語境。

22.【解析】simpler。考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)固定句型：the more...the more...意為“越來越……”，符合語境，故用形容詞比較級的形式。

23.【解析】had。考查虛擬語氣。本句是一個對過去情況虛擬的句子，倒裝且省略，可還原為：if I had lived up to those grades...，與語境“I would have never confidently sought my writing career.”呼應(yīng)。

24.【解析】on?？疾榻樵~。根據(jù)固定短語搭配：have an effect on意為“對……有影響”，符合語境，故用介詞on。

25.【解析】by。考查介詞。“only+介詞短語或狀語從句”置于句首時，句子半倒裝，即：助動詞放在主語之前，符合語境，故用介詞by，意為“通過”。

26.【解析】it?？疾榇~。根據(jù)固定句型：when it comes to sb./sth.意為“當(dāng)提及某人或某物”，符合語境，故用代詞it。

27.【解析】against。考查介詞。against意為“抵御，反對，靠著”，與語境“用報紙擋風(fēng)”吻合，故用介詞against。

28.【解析】when?？疾檫B詞。when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，在從句中作時間狀語，符合語境。

29.【解析】a?？疾楣谠~。difference是不可數(shù)名詞，但此處表示抽象名詞具體化，故用不定冠詞修飾。

30.【解析】lifted?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)語境“and brought Brillo underneath it.”可知，此處是并列句，前后時態(tài)一致，故用一般過去時。

31.【解析】were?？疾樘摂M語氣。as if引導(dǎo)狀語從句時，從句經(jīng)常使用虛擬語氣，與現(xiàn)在事實相反用過去時，與過去事實相反用過去完成時。與語境“I’ve decided”呼應(yīng)可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時，且虛擬語氣中be動詞經(jīng)常用were的形式。

32.【解析】have led?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語“recent years”可知，本句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。

33.【解析】that?？疾檫B詞。固定句型：so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”，符合語境，故用連詞that，引導(dǎo)狀語從句。

34.【解析】on。考查介詞。根據(jù)固定短語搭配：look back on意為“回顧”，符合語境，故用介詞on。

35.【解析】emptied?？疾榉侵^語動詞。固定短語搭配：have sth.done意為“做某事”，過去分詞作賓語補足語，符合語境。

36.【解析】successfully?？疾樵~性轉(zhuǎn)換。副詞修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞，在句中作狀語，故用副詞successfully修飾動詞“reach”，符合語境。

37.【解析】do?？疾閺娬{(diào)。對謂語動詞的強調(diào)用助動詞，且主從句時態(tài)一致，故用助動詞do對謂語動詞“believe”進行強調(diào)。

38.【解析】as?？疾榈寡b句。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，句子倒裝，即：表語置于句首，符合語境，故用連詞as。

39.【解析】to eat?？疾楣潭ǘ陶Z搭配。根據(jù)固定短語搭配：have no choice but to do意為“別無選擇只好……”，符合語境，故用不定式。

40.【解析】upon/on。考查介詞。upon/on意為“一……就”， 或往往跟名詞或動名詞作賓語。

41.【解析】had heard?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)固定句型：It is +序數(shù)詞+time that sb./sth.+完成時，意為“第……次做某事”，且前后時態(tài)一致，故用過去完成時。

42.【解析】take?？疾槠硎咕洹f引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，有祈使的含義，故用動詞原形，符合語境。

43.【解析】has been receiving。考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)語境“since”可知，此處用現(xiàn)在完成時，且與時間狀語“every 4～6 weeks”呼應(yīng)，表示動作持續(xù)中，故用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。

44.【解析】to?？疾榻樵~。根據(jù)固定搭配：be contrary to sth.意為“與……相反”，符合語境，故用介詞to。

45.【解析】It?？疾榇~。It takes sb.some time to do sth.，意為“做某事花費某人多長時間”，it作形式主語，不定式作真正的主語，符合語境。

46.【解析】by?？疾榻樵~。根據(jù)固定搭配：reduce by意為“減少了”，表示凈減值，符合語境，故用介詞by。

47.【解析】others?？疾榇~。根據(jù)固定搭配：some...others...意為“一些，另外一些”，符合語境，故用代詞others，形成對比。

48.【解析】could?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。so that引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，從句中經(jīng)常用情態(tài)動詞can/could，結(jié)合語境，前后時態(tài)一致，故用could。

49.【解析】either。考查連詞。either用于否定句，意為“也”，肯定句用too，符合語境。

50.【解析】to?？疾榻樵~。根據(jù)固定短語搭配：belong to意為“屬于”，故用“介詞to+which”引導(dǎo)定語從句，符合語境。

51.【解析】greater?？疾樾稳菰~比較級。否定+比較級=最高級，與語境中“than”形成呼應(yīng)，且修飾名詞“comfort”，故用greater。

52.【解析】did?？疾榈寡b。當(dāng)一個人同另一個人做了同樣的事情時，另一個人的行為可以用省略倒裝的形式，即：so/neither/nor+助動詞+主語的形式，且前后時態(tài)一致，故用助動詞did。

53.【解析】have worked?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語“for the last seven years”可知，本句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，即：have worked。

54.【解析】to find?？疾榉侵^語動詞?！皁nly+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)表示意外的結(jié)果，符合語境。

55.【解析】argument。考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。冠詞修飾名詞，故用名詞形式argument。

56.【解析】instead?？疾楦痹~。根據(jù)語境“rather than”可知， 此處表示邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用副詞instead修飾動詞“monitor”。

57.【解析】violence?？疾樵~性轉(zhuǎn)換。lead to意為“導(dǎo)致”，后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語，故用名詞形式violence，符合語境。

58.【解析】at?？疾榻樵~。表示速度、價格時，經(jīng)常用介詞at。

59.【解析】unless?？疾檫B詞。由語境“otherwise”可知，此處表示“除非”的含義，故用連詞unless引導(dǎo)狀語從句。

60.【解析】must?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。根據(jù)語境“I am blind”可知，此處表示肯定推測，故用情態(tài)動詞must。

（作者單位：河南省新密市第二高級中學(xué)）