歐陽少明++饒放萍++劉輝
[摘要]目的 評(píng)價(jià)經(jīng)皮椎間孔鏡髓核摘除術(shù)(PTED)治療腰椎間盤突出癥(LDH)的效果。方法 選取我院骨科2015年1月~2016年6月收治的42例LDH患者,隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組和觀察組,每組21例。對(duì)照組行傳統(tǒng)椎板開窗髓核摘除術(shù)治療,觀察組予以PTED治療。比較兩組的治療效果。結(jié)果 觀察組的切口長度、臥床時(shí)間及住院天數(shù)短于對(duì)照組,術(shù)中出血量少于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。觀察組術(shù)后的VAS評(píng)分和ODI評(píng)分顯著低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。兩組的Mac Nab優(yōu)良率比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。結(jié)論 PTED治療LDH創(chuàng)傷小,術(shù)中出血少,術(shù)后恢復(fù)快,并發(fā)癥少,近期療效可靠。
[關(guān)鍵詞]腰椎間盤突出;經(jīng)皮椎間孔鏡髓核摘除術(shù);臨床效果
[中圖分類號(hào)] R681.5 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1674-4721(2017)04(c)-0053-03
[Abstract]Objective To evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous endoscopic discectomy (PTED) in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH).Methods 42 patients with LDH in our hospital from January 2015 to June 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,21 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional fenestration discectomy,the observation group was treated with PTED.The therapeutic effects in the two groups were compared.Results The incision length,postoperative bed time,hospital stay in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group,intraoperative bleeding volume in the observation group was less than that in the control group,with significant difference (P<0.05).The score of VAS and ODI after operation in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,with significant difference (P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in the excellent and good rate of Mac Nab (P>0.05).Conclusion PTED in the treatment of LDH has little trauma,less bleeding,faster postoperative recovery,less complications, and reliable short-term efficacy.
[Key words]Lumbar disc herniation;Percutaneous discectomy;Clinical effect
目前臨床治療腰椎間盤突出癥(lumbar disc heniation,LDH)多采用傳統(tǒng)椎板開窗髓核摘除術(shù),可有效解除神經(jīng)壓迫,緩解腰腿疼痛等癥狀,但也存在創(chuàng)傷大、組織結(jié)構(gòu)破壞多、術(shù)后恢復(fù)時(shí)間長、易復(fù)發(fā)等問題[1-3]。經(jīng)皮椎間孔鏡髓核摘除術(shù)(percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy,PTED)是一種用于治療腰椎疾病的微創(chuàng)術(shù)式,近年來逐漸在臨床被接受和廣泛應(yīng)用[4-5]。本研究采用PTED治療LDH,旨在為臨床提供LDH的治療依據(jù)和參考,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料
選取2015年1月~2016年6月我院收治的42例LDH患者,年齡28~75歲,病程7個(gè)月~11年。將本組患者隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組和觀察組,每組21例。對(duì)照組中,男13例,女8例;年齡(43.27±9.31)歲;病程(5.43±2.20)年;病變節(jié)段:L4~L5椎體9例,L5~S1椎體12例。觀察組中,男12例,女9例;年齡(44.09±9.54)歲,病程(5.29±2.17)年;病變節(jié)段:L4~L5椎體8例,L5~S1椎體13例。兩組的一般資料比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①經(jīng)問診、體格檢查、CT、X線等影像學(xué)檢查符合LDH臨床表現(xiàn)診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[6];②具有明確的手術(shù)適應(yīng)證;③知情同意并積極配合本次研究。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①發(fā)生嚴(yán)重脊柱退變、脊柱不穩(wěn)等非椎間盤病變引起的腰腿痛;②具有嚴(yán)重骨軟化、骨質(zhì)疏松等手術(shù)禁忌證;③移位位置較遠(yuǎn)的游離型LDH或中央型椎管狹窄伴嚴(yán)重鈣化;④合并肝、腎及造血系統(tǒng)等原發(fā)疾病,感染性疾病等不能進(jìn)行手術(shù)者,病損部位既往有手術(shù)治療史以及未按規(guī)定行保守治療。
1.2治療方法
1.2.1術(shù)前準(zhǔn)備 患者入院后行常規(guī)檢查和影像學(xué)檢查,術(shù)前常規(guī)備皮,并預(yù)防性給予抗生素。