張琦,許娜
大連醫(yī)科大學中山學院
大學英語四級翻譯中詞法的增譯翻譯
張琦,許娜
大連醫(yī)科大學中山學院
大學英語四級翻譯作為新題型以段落長句形式出現(xiàn)在近些年的考試中,其中結(jié)合最多的要數(shù)翻譯方法中的增譯法。而本文即是就翻譯方法中增譯法的幾點詞語增譯在大學英語翻譯中的突出表現(xiàn)和重點體現(xiàn),進行有針對性的總結(jié)和概括。
大學英語四級考試;翻譯;翻譯方法;增譯;詞語增譯
英漢兩種語言由于表達方式不同,在實際翻譯中為使語義傳達更加通順準確,常常需要在翻譯到目標語言時對源語進行增譯。近些年來,大學英語四級翻譯中越來越多的出現(xiàn)對此種翻譯方法的應用考察。值得深思并加以總結(jié)歸納。
什么叫增譯法?一般情況下,為了使譯文忠實的表達原文的意思和風格,并使譯文合乎表達習慣必須在實際翻譯中增加一些詞語,這就叫增譯法。
在大學英語四級翻譯題型中,詞語的翻譯中最常見的增譯法體現(xiàn)在以下幾種需要:語法需要,語義需要,文化背景解釋需要。
增補冠詞:
中國剪紙有一千五百多年的歷史。
Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1500 years.
就像每年春節(jié)都會給的紅包所傳達的一樣,紅色象征來年吉祥如意。
So as the red packet which is given every Spring Festival con?veys,red is a symbol of happiness and good luck in the coming year.
但是穿紅色衣服參加葬禮是很不明智的。
But it is not wise to wear red clothes when attending a funeral.
增補介詞:
營改增政策的實行凸顯了一批企業(yè)財務人員水平不高的問題。由此,提升企業(yè)財務人員專業(yè)素質(zhì)刻不容緩。企業(yè)應為企業(yè)內(nèi)財務人員進行業(yè)務培訓提供便利,讓其經(jīng)常性參加由專業(yè)人士舉辦的財務知識講座學習等,通過講座學習使財務人員掌握良好的企業(yè)財務管理方法,更新財務管理知識系統(tǒng),切實提高財務管理水平。
剪紙最常用的顏色是紅色,象征著健康和興旺。
The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red,which sym?bolizes health and prosperity.
增補代詞:
人們常用剪紙來美化居家環(huán)境。
People often beautify their homes with paper cutting.
文房四寶品類繁多。
There is a large variety of these four treasures.
增補連接詞:
Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and it is often given as a present to foreign friends.
歷代都有名匠,名品產(chǎn)生,形成了深厚的文化積淀。
Each dynasty in Chinese history saw famous craftsmen appeared and fine works produced,which helped form a profound cultural accu?mulation.
皮影在中國乃至在世界上都具有很高的藝術(shù)價值,被世界多國博物館收藏。
The shadow puppets are of high value of art in China and even in the world,many of which are now collected in several countries’muse?ums all over the world.
要提倡顧全大局。
We should advocate the spirit of taking the whole situation into consideration.
歷代都有名匠,名品產(chǎn)生。
Each dynasty in Chinese history saw famous craftsmen appeared and fine works produced.
皮影戲是中國古老的民間傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)。
Shadow play is a kind of traditional folk art in China.
中國古代的四大發(fā)明曾經(jīng)給古代世界的文化發(fā)展以巨大的推動。
The Four Great Inventions in ancient China,namely,paper cut?ting,printing,compass,and gunpowder,greatly advanced ancient civi?lization of the world.
皮影最初由紙制成,后來改由驢皮和牛皮制作,因此而得名。
Shadow puppets were first made of paper,and from the hides of donkeys or oxen.That is why it is called Pi Ying in mandarin.
作為翻譯方法的增譯法,以以上幾種形式突出反映在近些年來的大學英語四級翻譯題型中,尤其值得關(guān)注和概括總結(jié)。
[1]張培基.論漢英翻譯技巧.中國對外翻譯出版公司,1986,北京
[2]朱光潛.談翻譯.中國翻譯工作者協(xié)會.北京:外語教學與研究出版社,1984
[3]E.Nida,Towards a Science of Translating,Leiden:E.J.Brill, 1964a,p.159.
Among numerous translation methods,amplification, as one of the most frequently used one,has been applied into a great many sentences translation in Band 4 examination in recent years. This essay aims to summarize the manifestation of word amplification in the exam.
band4 examination;translation;translation methods;amplification;words