江蘇 李建高
1.I either watch TV or play computer games.
either...or...意為“要么……要么……;或者……或者……”,用來連接并列的單詞、短語或句子。它連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該與最緊鄰的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。例如:
You can go to work either by bus or by bike.你可以乘公共汽車或者騎自行車去上班。
Either we go now or we remain here forever.要么我們現(xiàn)在離開,要么我們永遠(yuǎn)留在這里。
Either you or your sister has to stay at home.要么你要么你妹妹必須待在家里。
【真題鏈接】
_______Lucy_______you can’t go to the party.One of you has to stay at home to look after your grandma. 【2017·呼和浩特中考題】
A.Neither;nor B.Either;or
C.Not only;but also D.Both;and
【答案與解析】B 根據(jù)后句句意“你們其中一個(gè)人必須待在家里照顧你的奶奶。”可知,前句句意應(yīng)為“要么露西要么你不能參加聚會(huì)”,符合“either...or...”句型。
2.How long does it take you to get to school?
It takes sb.some time to do sth.意為“做某事要花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”。其中,it是形式主語,真正的主語是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語to do sth.。例如:
It takes Anna only one minute to eat up an apple.安娜吃掉一個(gè)蘋果只需花費(fèi)一分鐘。
It will take him one hour to get to Shanghai by train.坐火車去上海要花費(fèi)他一個(gè)小時(shí)。
【真題鏈接】
—It takes me half an hour_______playing the piano.How about you?
—I usually spend 20 minutes_______it.【2017·齊齊哈爾中考題】
A.practicing;on
B.to practice;in
C.to practice;on
【答案與解析】C句意:——練鋼琴花費(fèi)我半個(gè)小時(shí)。你呢?——我通常在它上面花20分鐘。It takes sb.some time to do sth.意為“做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”;spend...on sth.意為“花費(fèi)……在某事上”。
3.Why don’t you like tigers?
“Why don’t you+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?”結(jié)構(gòu),意為“你為何不……?”,可以用來提出建議,相當(dāng)于“Why not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?”形式。例如:
Why don’t you read some books about science?=Why not read some books about science?你為什么不讀一些關(guān)于科學(xué)的書呢?
【真題鏈接】
—Bob,I’m not good at English.What should I do?
—Why not_______an English club to practice_______English.【2017·眉山中考題】
A.to join;speaking B.join;to speak
C.to join;to speak D.join;speaking
【答案與解析】D“Why not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?”意為“為什么不……?”;practice意為“練習(xí);實(shí)踐”,作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),后可接名詞、代詞、v.-ing形式作賓語。
4.—Hi! How’s the weather in Beijing?
—It’s sunny.
How’s the weather...? 意為“……天氣怎么樣?”,常用來詢問天氣情況,weather后可以跟時(shí)間狀語或地點(diǎn)狀語。對(duì)其作答時(shí),常用“It is/It’s+天氣情況的形容詞”或“It is/It’s+v.-ing形式”。例如:
—How’s the weather in Xi’an now? 現(xiàn)在西安天氣怎么樣?
—It’s raining.正在下雨。
【拓展】What’s the weather like...?也用來詢問天氣情況,可以與How’s the weather...?互換使用。例如:
—What’s the weather like in Canada in winter?加拿大冬季的天氣怎么樣?
—It’s very cold.非常寒冷。
【真題鏈接】
—What’s the weather like today?
—_______. 【2016·黔西南中考題】
A.It’s Sunday B.It’s sunny
C.I hope so D.Thanks
【答案與解析】B 選項(xiàng)A意為“是星期天”,選項(xiàng)B意為“天氣晴朗”,選項(xiàng)C意為“我希望是這樣”,選項(xiàng)D意為“多謝”。根據(jù)問句“今天天氣怎么樣?”可知,選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
5.—How’s it going?
—Not bad,thanks.
How’s it going?意為“近況如何?”“最近怎么樣?”“一切都好嗎?”,是朋友或熟人之間見面時(shí)的問候語。回答時(shí)可根據(jù)不同的情況選擇相應(yīng)的答語,如“Pretty good.”“Great.”“Not bad.”“Terrible.”等。例如:—Hi,Amy.Nice to meet you.How’s it going? 嗨,埃米!很高興見到你。最近怎么樣?
—Great.很好。
【真題鏈接】
—It’s a long time since we met last year,Alice.How’s it going?
—_______.Many thanks.【2017·重慶中考題】
A.Pretty good B.The same to you
C.It doesn’t matter D.Help yourself
【答案與解析】A 選項(xiàng)A意為“相當(dāng)好”,選項(xiàng)B意為“你(們)也一樣”,選項(xiàng)C意為“沒關(guān)系”,選項(xiàng)D意為“自?。蛔杂谩?。根據(jù)問句“艾麗斯,自從去年我們相遇以來好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了,最近怎么樣?”可知,選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
6.—What does your friend look like?
—She’s of medium height,and she has long straight hair.
What does sb.look like?是用來詢問人物的外貌特征的問句,回答時(shí)常用“主語+is+外貌特征的形容詞”或“主語 +has(a/an)+形容詞 +名詞”或“主語+is+介詞短語”的結(jié)構(gòu)形式來描述。例如:
—What does your father look like?你父親長(zhǎng)得什么樣子?
—He is very tall and has short hair.他很高并且留著短發(fā)。
【真題鏈接】
—What does your new classmate look like?
—_______. 【2016·昆明中考題】
A.He is from Australia
B.He is tall and of medium build
C.He is very nice to others
D.He has a pair of blue shoes
【答案與解析】B 選項(xiàng)A意為“他來自澳大利亞”,選項(xiàng)B意為“他個(gè)子高高的,中等身材”,選項(xiàng)C意為“他對(duì)其他人很好”,選項(xiàng)D意為“他有一雙藍(lán)色的鞋子”。根據(jù)問句的意思可知,選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
7.Would you like a large bowl?
Would you like...? 意為“你(們)想要 /愿意……嗎?”,用來向?qū)Ψ蕉Y貌地提出建議、請(qǐng)求或邀請(qǐng),后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞不定式,在該句型中,常用some而不用any。對(duì)該句型作肯定回答時(shí),常用“Yes,please.”或“(Yes,)I’d like/love to.”等;作否定回答時(shí),常用“No,thanks.”、“I’m afraid not.”或“I’d like to,but...”等。例如:
—Would you like some bananas?你想要些香蕉嗎?
—Yes,please.Just a few.是的,只要幾個(gè)。
—Would you like to go skating?你想去滑冰嗎?
—Yes,I’d love to,but I have to look after my sister.是的,可我不得不照看我的妹妹。
【真題鏈接】
—Would you like to join me in making cakes tomorrow?
—_______ 【2017·上海中考題】
A.It doesn’t matter. B.Don’t worry.
C.You’re welcome. D.I’d love to.
【答案與解析】D 選項(xiàng)A意為“沒關(guān)系”,選項(xiàng)B意為“別擔(dān)心”,選項(xiàng)C意為“別客氣”,選項(xiàng)D意為“我很樂意”。根據(jù)問句“明天你愿意和我一起參加制作蛋糕嗎?”可知,選項(xiàng)D符合題意。
8.But I was so tired that I went to sleep early.
“so+形容詞 /副詞 +that...”意為“太……以至于……”,用來引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,that后面接句子。例如:Xiaoming was so angry that he couldn’t say a word.小明太生氣了以至于說不出話。
He ran so fast that I couldn’t follow him.他跑得太快以至于我跟不上他。
【拓展】such...that...的含義與so...that...相同,但由于such是形容詞,故只能修飾名詞或名詞詞組。例如:Mike is such an honest man that we all believe him.邁克是個(gè)很誠實(shí)的人,大家都相信他。
【真題鏈接】
The TV play Journey to the West is_______interesting_______I would like to watch it again.【2017·龍東中考題】
A.such;that
B.too;to
C.so;that
【答案與解析】C 根據(jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)可先排除B項(xiàng),因?yàn)閕nteresting是形容詞,故該句只能用“so...that...”句型而不能用“such...that...”句型。
一、根據(jù)句意,從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。
1.Jane and I are in the same room.Either she_______I clean it in the morning.
A.and B.or
C.but D.so
2.—How long does it take you_______to the bookstore?
—Ten minutes.
A.walks B.walk
C.to walk D.walking
3.—How’s it going,Tim?
—_______.I’m having fun.
A.Terrible B.You’re welcome
C.Thank you D.Pretty good
4.—Would you like to go shopping?
—_______.
A.Yes,I would B.Yes,I’d love to
C.No,I wouldn’t D.No,just a little
二、按要求完成句子,每空一詞。
5.How’s the weather in Shanghai?(改為同義句)
_______the weather_______in Shanghai?
6.My friend has short hair.(對(duì)畫線部分提問)
_______ _______ your friend ______________?
7.I’m very busy.I can’t chat with you on QQ now.(合并為一句)
I’m_______busy_______I can’t chat with you on QQ now.
8.Why don’t you go there with us this weekend?(改為同義句)
______________go there with us this weekend?