周冉冉
【摘 要】 目的:分析急診ICU病房心肌梗死中年患者的心理情況,并制定相應(yīng)護(hù)理對策。方法:本次選擇2018年1月-2019年1月我院急診ICU收治心肌梗死中年患者90例為研究對象,以問卷調(diào)查形式探究患者心理情況,并輔以優(yōu)質(zhì)護(hù)理干預(yù),對比患者護(hù)理前后心態(tài)變化及生存質(zhì)量相應(yīng)評分。結(jié)果:經(jīng)護(hù)理干預(yù)后,不良心態(tài)患者比率明顯下降(p<0.05)。護(hù)理后患者生理評分(50.38±2.11)、心理評分(52.14±1.32)、社會評分(49.29±0.24)均明顯高于護(hù)理前(p<0.05)。結(jié)論:急診ICU心肌梗死中年患者易出現(xiàn)負(fù)面情緒,應(yīng)輔以護(hù)理干預(yù),幫助患者調(diào)整好心態(tài),提高生存質(zhì)量。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 急診ICU;中年;心肌梗死;心理問題;護(hù)理對策
【中圖分類號】R840.5
【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼】A
【文章編號】1005-0019(2019)18-024-01
Abstract Objective:? To analyze the psychological status of middle-aged patients with myocardial infarction in emergency ICU ward and formulate corresponding nursing countermeasures.Methods:? In this study, 90 middle-aged patients with myocardial infarction in emergency ICU of our hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were selected as the research objects. The psychological status of the patients was explored by questionnaire survey, supplemented by high-quality nursing intervention, and the corresponding scores of psychological changes and quality of life before and after nursing were compared.Results:? After nursing intervention, the proportion of patients with bad mentality decreased significantly (p<0.05). After nursing, the patients' physiological scores (50.38±2.11), psychological scores (52.14±1.32), and social scores (49.29±0.24) were significantly higher than those before nursing (p<0.05).Conclusion:? Middle-aged patients with myocardial infarction in emergency ICU are prone to negative emotions, and should be supplemented with nursing intervention to help patients adjust their mentality and improve their quality of life.
Key words:Emergency ICU; Middle-aged; Myocardial infarction; Psychological problems; Nursing strategies
本文以2018.1-2019.1我院急診ICU收治90例中年心肌梗死患者為例,探究心肌梗死患者心理問題及護(hù)理對策,具體如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
本次選擇2018年1月-2019年1月我院急診ICU收治心肌梗死中年患者90例為研究對象,包括男性48例,女性42例,患者最小年齡40歲,最大年齡59歲,平均年齡(46.1±0.2)歲,入院時間短則48h,長則120h,平均時間(80.3±1.2)h。
1.2 方法
(1)知識宣教。多數(shù)患者因?qū)膊〔涣私?,易產(chǎn)生恐懼、緊張等情緒,護(hù)理者需對患者進(jìn)行知識宣教,幫助患者認(rèn)知疾病、了解疾病,消除恐懼,宣教過程中注意溝通的方式與方法,保持態(tài)度和善、語言通俗易懂,耐心解答患者提出的各項疑問,同時關(guān)注患者情緒變化,及時輔以心理干預(yù),助其調(diào)整心態(tài),提高依從性;(2)環(huán)境干預(yù)?;颊咴谶M(jìn)入重癥監(jiān)護(hù)病房后,面對復(fù)雜的醫(yī)療設(shè)備很容易出現(xiàn)抵觸、恐懼等情緒,護(hù)理者需為患者詳細(xì)介紹各器材的用途,另外確保監(jiān)護(hù)病房內(nèi)環(huán)境整潔,衛(wèi)生,溫度、濕度適宜,床單干凈無褶皺[2]。另外,注意自身的儀表與話語,不可在患者床邊探討病情,避免患者過度猜忌。(3)合理安排護(hù)理流程。除特殊急救外,各項檢查護(hù)理工作需合理安排時間,盡量將治療時間集中在白天,避免無計劃、繁瑣重復(fù)的檢查影響患者修養(yǎng)。實施護(hù)理服務(wù)過程中應(yīng)保證動作專業(yè)、輕柔,使患者安心。另外爭取患者家屬的配合,糾正家屬對ICU病房的錯誤認(rèn)知。
1.3 觀察指標(biāo)
通過調(diào)查問卷分析患者的心理問題,同時自制調(diào)查表評估患者護(hù)理前后生存評分,包括項目有:生理評分、心理評分、社會評分三項,各項總分均為100分,分值越高,患者生存質(zhì)量越佳。
1.4 統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析