• 
    

    
    

      99热精品在线国产_美女午夜性视频免费_国产精品国产高清国产av_av欧美777_自拍偷自拍亚洲精品老妇_亚洲熟女精品中文字幕_www日本黄色视频网_国产精品野战在线观看

      ?

      急性冠脈綜合征患者CYP2C19基因多態(tài)性與氯吡格雷療效的關(guān)系

      2019-12-16 08:11王光亮林爽吳雪梅
      中國實(shí)用醫(yī)藥 2019年31期
      關(guān)鍵詞:血栓彈力圖血小板

      王光亮 林爽 吳雪梅

      【摘要】 目的 探討急性冠狀動(dòng)脈(冠脈)綜合征患者CYP2C19基因多態(tài)性與氯吡格雷療效的關(guān)系。方法 42例急性冠脈綜合征患者, 根據(jù)CYP2C19基因多態(tài)性分為A組(正常代謝+快代謝型, 23例)和B組(中間代謝+慢代謝型, 19例)。。兩組患者均行CYP2C19基因型檢測、血栓彈力圖檢測。觀察比較兩組患者二磷酸腺苷(ADP)抑制情況、ADP抑制率, 并統(tǒng)計(jì)基因分型。結(jié)果 A組中野生型純合子組包括正常代謝型患者23例, 均為CYP2C19*1/*1基因型;快代謝型0例。B組中野生型與突變基因雜合子組包括中間代謝型患者15例, 其中CYP2C19*1/*2基因型13例, CYP2C19*1/*3基因型2例;突變基因純合子或雜合子組包括慢代謝型患者4例, 其中CYP2C19*2/*2基因型3例, CYP2C19*2/*3基因型1例。B組中ADP抑制率<30%的發(fā)生率為58%, 高于A組的57%, 但差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。42例患者中服用氯吡格雷后ADP抑制率<30%患者24例(57%), 其中停用氯吡格雷更換為替格瑞洛繼續(xù)服用患者14例(33%), 14例患者中替格瑞洛頓服12 h后復(fù)查血小板ADP抑制率均>30%患者13例(31%), 但仍有ADP抑制率<30%患者1例(2%)。A組平均ADP抑制率為(39.5±28.4)%, B組平均ADP抑制率為(31.5±21.6)%, B組平均ADP抑制率低于A組, 但差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。結(jié)論 本研究結(jié)果支持CYP2C19多態(tài)性僅為眾多影響氯吡格雷療效的因素之一, 并不能最終決定氯吡格雷療效。氯吡格雷服用后的抗血小板聚集療效, 還受眾多其他因素的影響, 仍需進(jìn)一步研究。

      【關(guān)鍵詞】 CYP2C19基因;血栓彈力圖;血小板;二磷酸腺苷抑制率

      DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2019.31.003

      Correlation between CYP2C19 gene polymorphism and clopidogrel efficacy in patients with acute coronary syndrome ? WANG Guang-liang, LIN Shuang, WU Xue-mei. Northeastern International Hospital Geriatrics Center, Shenyang 110000, China

      【Abstract】 Objective ? To discuss the correlation between CYP2C19 gene polymorphism and clopidogrel efficacy in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Methods ? A total of 42 patients with acute coronary syndrome were divided into two groups: group A (normal metabolism type + fast metabolism type,23 cases) and group B (intermediate metabolism type + slow metabolism type, 19 cases) according to CYP2C19 gene polymorphism. All patients were tested for CYP2C19 genotype and thromboelastography. The general information, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) inhibition, CYP2C19 gene polymorphism and ADP inhibition rate of the two groups were observed and compared, and the genotypes were analyzed. Results ? In group A, the wild-type homozygous group included 23 patients with normal metabolic type, all of whom were CYP2C19 * 1 / * 1 genotype, and 0 patient with fast metabolic type. In group B, the heterozygotes of wild type and mutant gene group included 15 patients with intermediate metabolism, of which 13 patients with CYP2C19 * 1 / * 2 genotype and 2 patients with CYP2C19 * 1 / * 3 genotype. The homozygous or heterozygous group of the mutant gene included 4 patients with slow metabolism, of which 3 patients with CYP2C19 * 2 / * 2 genotype and 1 patient with CYP2C19 * 2 / * 3 genotype. The incidence of ADP inhibition rate <30% was 58% in group B, which was higher than 57% in group A, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Of the 42 patients,24 cases (57%) had ADP inhibition rate <30% after taking clopidogrel, of which 14 cases (33%) who discontinued clopidogrel and changed to telgrelor. Among the 14 patients, 13 cases (31%) had platelet ADP inhibition rate >30% after 12 h of tegriloton administration, but 1 case (2%) had ADP inhibition rate of<30%. The mean ADP inhibition rate was (39.5±28.4)% in group A, which was (31.5±21.6)% in group B, the mean ADP inhibition rate in group B was lower than that in group A, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion ? The results of this study support that CYP2C19 polymorphism is only one of the factors that affect the efficacy of clopidogrel, and cannot ultimately determine the efficacy of clopidogrel. The anti-platelet aggregation effect of clopidogrel is also influenced by many other factors, which need further study.

      【Key words】 CYP2C19 gene; Thromboelastogram; Platelet; adenosine diphosphate inhibition rate

      氯吡格雷是一種需要細(xì)胞色素P450(CYP450)進(jìn)行生物轉(zhuǎn)化的前藥[1, 2], 需要肝細(xì)胞色素P450 2C19(CYP2C19)的干預(yù)才能激活[3], 所以肝細(xì)胞色素P450 2C19(CYP2C19)基因多態(tài)性簡稱CYP2C19基因多態(tài)性, 有可能會(huì)影響到氯吡格雷的抗血小板聚集作用[4-6]。氯吡格雷的反應(yīng)存在個(gè)體間差異, 不同患者服用氯吡格雷后會(huì)出現(xiàn)不同的抗血小板聚集療效[3]。服用氯吡格雷后的抗血小板聚集療效, 可以通過血栓彈力圖ADP抑制率表達(dá)出來[7, 8]。本研究主要為評(píng)價(jià)CYP2C19 基因多態(tài)性與血栓彈力圖ADP抑制率之間是否存在聯(lián)系展開病例統(tǒng)計(jì)分析, 進(jìn)而探討CYP2C19 基因多態(tài)性是否會(huì)決定患者服用氯吡格雷后的抗血小板聚集療效?,F(xiàn)報(bào)告如下。

      1 資料與方法

      1. 1 一般資料 選取2018年4~11月本院住院的42名急性冠脈綜合征患者作為研究對(duì)象, 患者中男24例, 女18例;年齡39~82歲。根據(jù)CYP2C19 基因多態(tài)性分為A組(正常代謝+快代謝型, 23例)和B組(中間代謝+慢代謝型, 19例)。

      A組中野生型純合子組包括正常代謝型(CYP2C19*1/*1)、快代謝型(CYP2C19*1/*17、CYP2C19*17/*17)。B組中野生型與突變基因雜合子組包括中間代謝型(CYP2C19*1/*2、CYP2C19*1/*3、CYP2C19*2/*17、CYP2C19*3/*17);突變基

      因純合子或雜合子組包括慢代謝型(CYP2C19*2/*2、CYP2C19*2/*3、CYP2C19*3/*3)。兩組患者性別、年齡、體重等一般資料比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05), 具有可比性。見表1。入選患者均同期行CYP2C19基因多態(tài)性檢測及血栓彈力圖ADP抑制率檢測, 所有患者行血栓彈力圖ADP抑制率檢測前確定已頓服300 mg氯吡格雷[商品名:波立維, 賽諾菲(杭州)制藥有限公司]或75 mg氯吡格雷1次/d至少4 d, 保證行血栓彈力圖ADP抑制率檢測采血前氯吡格雷累積量>300 mg。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①血小板計(jì)數(shù)>400×109/L或<100×109/L;②阿司匹林或氯吡格雷使用禁忌證;③嚴(yán)重肝臟疾病或凝血功能存在異常者;④嚴(yán)重貧血、感染或甲狀腺功能亢進(jìn)等疾病者。

      1. 2 方法

      1. 2. 1 CYP2C19基因型檢測方法 采集患者靜脈血2 ml

      (EDTA-K2抗凝), 使用天根血液基因組DNA提取試劑盒 (TIANamp Blood DNA Kit DP 318) 提取血液基因組DNA。應(yīng)用美國Light Cycler cobas z480儀器檢測, 應(yīng)用武漢友芝友醫(yī)療科技股份有限公司生產(chǎn)的人類CYP2C19基因檢測試劑盒, 根據(jù)基因檢測結(jié)果及試劑盒說明書分組。

      1. 2. 2 血栓彈力圖檢測方法 血小板ADP抑制率檢測使用 TEG5000型凝血分析儀, 試劑包括高嶺土(含15% Kadin液)、激活劑、花生四烯酸(arachidonicacid, AA)和二磷酸腺苷(adenosine diphosphate, ADP), 均為美國Haemonetics公司產(chǎn)品。所有患者抽取靜脈血, 置于含3.13%枸櫞酸鈉進(jìn)行檢查。

      1. 2. 3 用藥方法 服用氯吡格雷后ADP抑制率<30%患者, 依據(jù)患者病情停用氯吡格雷更換為替格瑞洛繼續(xù)服用, 替格瑞洛方法為首劑180 mg頓服后改為90 mg/次, 2次/d 口服。

      1. 3 觀察指標(biāo)及判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 觀察比較兩組患者ADP抑制情況、ADP抑制率, 并統(tǒng)計(jì)基因分型。判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn):以ADP誘導(dǎo)的血小板抑制率<30%為氯吡格雷低反應(yīng)(LCR), ≥30%定義為氯吡格雷正常反應(yīng)。ADP誘導(dǎo)聚集后的血小板抑制率(ADP抑制率)用于監(jiān)測氯吡格雷療效。ADP抑制率<30%為無效, 30%≤ADP抑制率≤75%為起效, 75%

      1. 4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法 采用SPSS19.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件處理數(shù)據(jù)。計(jì)量資料以均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差( x-±s)表示, 采用t檢驗(yàn);計(jì)數(shù)資料以率(%)表示, 采用χ2檢驗(yàn)。P<0.05表示差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。

      2 結(jié)果

      2. 1 兩組患者基因分型統(tǒng)計(jì) A組中野生型純合子組包括正常代謝型患者23例, 均為CYP2C19*1/*1基因型;快代謝型0例。B組中野生型與突變基因雜合子組包括中間代謝型患者15例, 其中CYP2C19*1/*2基因型13例, CYP2C19*1/*3基因型2例;突變基因純合子或雜合子組包括慢代謝型患者4例, 其中CYP2C19*2/*2基因型3例, CYP2C19*2/*3基因型1例。見表2。

      2. 2 兩組患者ADP抑制情況比較 A組中服用氯吡格雷后ADP抑制率<30%患者13例(57%)。見圖1。其中停用氯吡格雷更換為替格瑞洛繼續(xù)服用患者10例(43%)。替格瑞洛頓服12 h后復(fù)查血小板ADP抑制率, ADP抑制率>30%患者9例(39%), ADP抑制率<30%患者1例(4%), 具體原因不詳。見圖1。B組中服用氯吡格雷后ADP抑制率<30%患者11例(58%), 其中停用氯吡格雷更換為替格瑞洛繼續(xù)服用患者4例(21%)。替格瑞洛頓服12 h后復(fù)查血小板ADP抑制率, ADP抑制率均>30%患者4例(21%)。見圖2。B組中ADP抑制率<30%的發(fā)生率高于A組, 但差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。

      A組+B組42例患者中服用氯吡格雷后ADP抑制率<30%患者24例(57%), 其中停用氯吡格雷更換為替格瑞洛繼續(xù)服用患者14例(33%), 14例患者中替格瑞洛頓服12 h后復(fù)查血小板ADP抑制率均>30%患者13例(31%), 但仍有ADP抑制率<30%患者1例(2%), 具體原因不詳。見圖3。

      2. 3 兩組患者ADP抑制率比較 A組平均ADP抑制率為(39.5±28.4)%, B組平均ADP抑制率為(31.5±21.6)%, B組平均ADP抑制率低于A組, 但差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=1.0094, P>0.05)。

      3 討論

      急性冠脈綜合征是常見的心血管系統(tǒng)疾病, 影響患者的生存時(shí)間及生存質(zhì)量[9-11]。我國人群CYP2C19基因多態(tài)性多以基因型(*1/*1)為主。氯吡格雷是急性冠脈綜合征患者廣泛應(yīng)用的藥物。

      針對(duì)CYP2C19基因多態(tài)性與氯吡格雷療效的研究, 目前主要有以下兩種觀點(diǎn):一種是支持CYP2C19基因多態(tài)性與氯吡格雷療效有關(guān)的研究:①Hou等[12]的薈萃分析表明, CYP2C19基因多態(tài)性中的CYP2C19*2基因型可能與氯吡格雷抵抗有關(guān)。②Idrissi等[13]的研究結(jié)果支持CYP2C19基因多態(tài)性與氯吡格雷抵抗具有明顯相關(guān)性。③Li等[14]研究發(fā)現(xiàn):CYP2C19基因多態(tài)性與PCI術(shù)后1年心血管事件的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)具有明顯相關(guān)性。④Zhong等[15]的文章提出CYP2C19基因突變(CYP2C19*2)和(CYP2C19*3)影響中國較多的人口, 并且這種突變與氯吡格雷抵抗和主要心血管不良事件的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加密切相關(guān)。⑤研究表明[16], 支架血栓形成與CYP2C19*2

      突變導(dǎo)致的氯吡格雷抵抗有關(guān), 而CYP2C19*17可能在這一過程中起到保護(hù)作用。⑥Chen等[17]研究表明, 性別、年齡、糖尿病、高血壓和高脂血癥可能導(dǎo)致患者對(duì)氯吡格雷低反應(yīng)性。

      另一種是支持CYP2C19多態(tài)性與氯吡格雷療效無關(guān)的研究:①Charfi等[18]研究了接受氯吡格雷治療1個(gè)月的71例冠心病患者, 沒有觀察到CYP2C19*2等位基因與心血管事件的發(fā)生有顯著相關(guān)性。②Notarangelo等[19]的文章指出CYP2C19基因型僅解釋了12%的氯吡格雷反應(yīng)變異性, 這表明除CYP2C19以外的因素可能是更重要的。③Bouman等[20]的研究顯示CYP2C19基因型無論是慢代謝還是快代謝, 均未對(duì)氯吡格雷療效產(chǎn)生明顯的影響。④Calderon-Cruz等[21]提出氯吡格雷藥物低反應(yīng)性與基因多態(tài)性無關(guān)。

      正是由于目前以上兩種觀點(diǎn)爭論較為激烈, 本研究主要圍繞基因型分組, 分別檢測血小板聚集率, 探討急性冠脈綜合征患者CYP2C19基因多態(tài)性與氯吡格雷療效的關(guān)系。

      本研究結(jié)果顯示, 急性冠脈綜合征患者中, B組中ADP抑制率<30%的發(fā)生率高于A組, 但差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。說明CYP2C19基因多態(tài)性并不能完全決定服用氯吡格雷后的血栓彈力圖ADP抑制率, 支持CYP2C19多態(tài)性僅為眾多影響氯吡格雷療效的因素之一, 并不能最終決定氯吡格雷療效。同時(shí)本研究結(jié)果提示, 服用氯吡格雷后血小板ADP抑制率<30%的發(fā)生率高, 但更換成替格瑞洛后ADP抑制率多數(shù)均>30%, 但仍有ADP抑制率<30%患者1例, 具體原因不詳。

      本研究入組人群數(shù)量有限, 推斷氯吡格雷療效還受眾多其他因素的影響, 但是為何種因素具體如何影響, 仍需進(jìn)一步研究。

      參考文獻(xiàn)

      [1] Hankey GJ. Prasugrel or clopidogrel for long-term secondary stroke prevention? Lancet Neurol, 2019, 18(3):222-223.

      [2] Prasad K, Siemieniuk R, Hao Q, et al. Dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel for acute high risk transient ischaemic attack and minor ischaemic stroke: a clinical practice guideline. BMJ, 2018(363):k5130.

      [3] Jovani M, Chan AT. Do Aspirin and Clopidogrel Follow the Same Road Toward Prevention of Colorectal Cancer?Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2019, 17(10):1945-1947.

      [4] Tangamornsuksan W, Thiansupornpong P, Morasuk T, et al. A pharmacokinetic model of drug-drug interaction between clopidogrel and omeprazole at CYP2C19 in humans. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2017(2017):2704-2707.

      [5] 楊玲, 刁珊珊, 丁意平,等. 負(fù)荷劑量氯吡格雷治療輕型缺血性腦卒中/短暫性腦缺血發(fā)作的作用及機(jī)制. 中華醫(yī)學(xué)雜志, 2019, 99(5):349-353.

      [6] Larson EA, Miller NJ. Point-Counterpoint: CYP2C19 Genotyping for Clopidogrel. SD Med, 2017, 70(1):13-15.

      [7] Li RH, Stern JA, HoV, et al. Platelet Activation and Clopidogrel Effects on ADP-Induced Platelet Activation in Cats with or without the A31P Mutation in MYBPC3. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2016, 30(5):1619-1629.

      [8] Jin L, Yu H, Dong T, et al. The Prognostic Value of ADP-Induced Platelet Aggregation for Bleeding Complications in Low- Intermediate Risk Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Taking Clopidogrel After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Heart Lung & Circulation, 2017, 26(1):49-57.

      [9] Bonello L, Laine M, Lenesle G, et al. Meta-Analysis of Potent P2Y12-ADP Receptor Antagonist Therapy Compared to Clopidogrel Therapy in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. Thromb Haemost, 2018, 118(10):1839-1846.

      [10] Siasos G, Kioufis S, Oikonomou E, et al. Impact of C34T P2Y12 ADP receptor polymorphism and smoking status on cardiovascular outcome in coronary artery disease patients receiving clopidogrel. International Journal of Cardiology, 2016, 210(12):161-163.

      [11] Martischnig AM, Mehilli J, Pollak J, et al. Impact of Dabigatran versus Phenprocoumon on ADP Induced Platelet Aggregation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation with or without Concomitant Clopidogrel Therapy (the Dabi-ADP-1 and Dabi-ADP-2 Trials). Biomed Research International, 2015(2015):1-10.

      [12] Hou X, Shi J, Sun H. Gene polymorphism of cytochrome P450 2C19*2 and clopidogrel resistance reflected by platelet function assays: a meta-analysis. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2014, 70(9):1041-1047.

      [13] Idrissi HH, Hmimech W, Khorb NE, et al. A synergic effect between CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*3 loss-of-function and CYP2C19*17 gain-of-function alleles is associated with Clopidogrel resistance among Moroccan Acute Coronary Syndromes patients. Bmc Research Notes, 2018, 11(1):46.

      [14] Li X, Wang Z, Wang Q, et al. Clopidogrel-associated genetic variants on inhibition of platelet activity and clinical outcome for acute coronary syndrome patients. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2019, 124(1):84-93.

      [15] Zhong Z, Hou J, Li B, et al. Analysis of CYP2C19 Genetic Polymorphism in a Large Ethnic Hakka Population in Southern China. Medical Science Monitor International Medical Journal of Experimental & Clinical Research, 2017(23):6186-6192.

      [16] Kirac D, Erdem A, Avcilar T, et al. Effects of genetic factors to stent thrombosis due to clopidogrel resistance after coronary stent placement. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand), 2016, 62(1):51-55.

      [17] Chen K, Zhang R, Liu H, et al. Impact of the CYP2C19 Gene Polymorphism on Clopidogrel Personalized Drug Regimen and the Clinical Outcomes. Clinical Laboratory, 2016, 62(9):1773-1780.

      [18] Charfi R, Mzoughi K, Boughalleb M, et al. Response to clopidogrel and of the cytochrome CYP2C19 genepolymorphism. La Tunisie medicale, 2018, 96(3):209-218.

      [19] Notarangelo MF, Bontardelli F, Merlini PA. Genetic and nongenetic factors influencing the response to clopidogrel. Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine, 2013, 14(14 Suppl 1):S1-S7.

      [20] Bouman HJ, Sch?mig E, Werkum JWV, et al. Paraoxonase-1 is a major determinant of clopidogrel efficacy. Nature Medicine, 2011, 17(1):110-116.

      [21] Calderón-Cruz B, Rodríguez-Galván K, Manzo-Francisco LA, et al. C3435T polymorphism of the ABCB1 gene is associated with poor clopidogrel responsiveness in a Mexican population undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Thrombosis Research, 2015, 136(5):894-898.

      [收稿日期:2019-06-21]

      猜你喜歡
      血栓彈力圖血小板
      血小板減少的原因
      血小板偏高對(duì)身體的危害是什么
      急性腦梗死患者血栓彈力圖與血小板聚集率、D—二聚體水平的相關(guān)性蔡松泉
      常州地區(qū)血栓彈力圖alpha角值參考范圍的確立
      纖維蛋白原、血小板聚集功能、血栓彈力圖聯(lián)合檢測在急性腦梗死患者凝血監(jiān)測中的臨床意義
      生產(chǎn)血小板即將成為現(xiàn)實(shí)
      血小板減少會(huì)有“小紅點(diǎn)”嗎
      血栓彈力圖儀血小板檢測對(duì)比研究
      β3整合素在膿毒癥大鼠心肌損傷中的作用研究
      新生兒血小板減少癥的相關(guān)因素分析
      府谷县| 揭西县| 开化县| 云浮市| 霞浦县| 乐清市| 故城县| 琼海市| 龙陵县| 厦门市| 海盐县| 巨鹿县| 射洪县| 武汉市| 大石桥市| 张家港市| 桐乡市| 广灵县| 千阳县| 饶平县| 北宁市| 桦川县| 苏尼特右旗| 孟州市| 商水县| 崇礼县| 南汇区| 万源市| 康平县| 灵川县| 班戈县| 萍乡市| 德昌县| 灵石县| 敖汉旗| 武城县| 民丰县| 介休市| 思茅市| 刚察县| 工布江达县|