重點知識園地

重點單詞

1. mess? n.? 雜亂;不整潔

“What a mess！” she said after the party.

聚會后她說：“真是一片狼藉！”

（1）in a mess 混亂;凌亂

The room was in a mess.

這個房間雜亂不堪。

（2）make a mess 弄臟;搞成一團糟

The kids made a mess in the living room.

孩子們把客廳搞得一塌糊涂。

2. throw? v.? （threw） 扔;擲

Throw me the car keys.

=Throw the car keys to me.

把車鑰匙扔給我。

She threw her coat on the bed.

她把外套扔在了床上。

throw away 丟棄;扔掉

throw away （sth）=throw （sth） away 把……丟掉

3. neither? adv.? 也不

neither是副詞，意為“也不”，表示前面否定的內(nèi)容也適用于另一個人時，句子須采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)：“neither+be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語”表示“……也不”。

You didnt see him， and neither did I.

你沒有看見他，我也沒有。

（1）neither （兩者） 都不

Neither of us felt like going out.

我倆都不想外出。

—Which one would you like？

你喜歡哪一個？

—Neither.

兩個都不喜歡。

（2）neither... nor... 既不……也不……

Neither the teacher nor his students know how to work out the problem.

老師和他的學生們都不知道怎么算那道題。

They speak neither French nor German.

他們既不講法語，也不講德語。

4. pass? v.? 給;遞;走過;通過

pass sb sth=pass sth to sb 把某物遞給某人

Can you pass me that bag？

你能把那個袋子遞給我嗎？

They pass by the library on their way to school.

去學校途中，他們經(jīng)過了圖書館。

Kevin has just passed his driving test.

凱文剛剛通過駕照考試。

5. borrow? v.? 借;借用

borrow sth from sb 從某人那里借某物

I couldnt afford to buy any books， so I borrow them from the library.

我買不起任何書，因此我都從圖書館借。

辨析：borrow， lend和keep

（1）borrow 借，與from 連用，指“借進來”。

You can borrow some money from the bank.

你可以從銀行借些錢來。

（2）lend 借，與to 連用，指“借出去”。

lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借給某人

He doesnt want to lend his books to others.

他不想把書借給任何人。

（3）keep 保留，保存 （延續(xù)動詞，可以與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用）

You can keep the book for two weeks.

這本書你可以借兩周。

6. hate? v.? 厭惡;討厭

hate不能用于進行時，與love相對。

hate to do sth 討厭做某事，表示某次具體的行為或動作。

I hate to trouble him.

我不愿麻煩他。

hate doing sth 討厭做某事，表示經(jīng)?；蛄晳T性的行為或動作。

She hates smoking in her room.

她討厭在她房間抽煙。

7. while? conj.? 與……同時;當……的時候;而;然而

while用作連詞，意為“在……期間;當……的時候”，用來引導時間狀語從句。while 引導的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)性動詞。

I will give her a present while she is here.

當她來的時候我要給她一份禮物。

Our friends arrived while we were having dinner.

當我們吃飯的時候，朋友們來了。

The walls are green， while the floor is white.

墻是綠色的，而地板是白色的。

8. waste? n.? 浪費;垃圾

v.? 浪費;濫用

I hate waste.

我討厭浪費。

waste of time 浪費時間 waste of money 浪費金錢

waste time/money on sth 在某事上浪費時間/金錢

waste time in doing sth 浪費時間做某事

Dont waste time on computer games.

=Dont waste time in playing computer games.

不要浪費時間玩電腦游戲。

9. provide? v.? 提供;供應(yīng)

provide sth for sb=provide sb with sth 給某人提供某物

The movie theater provides us with good service.

電影院為我們提供良好的服務(wù)。

His school provided a house for him.

他的學校為他提供了一所房子。

辨析：provide， offer和supply

provide 為應(yīng)急等做好準備而“提供;供給” provide sb with sth

=provide sth for sb

給某人提供某物

offer 側(cè)重表示“愿意主動給予” offer sb sth=offer sth to sb

向某人提供某物

offer to do sth

主動提出做某事

supply 定期“供應(yīng)”，強調(diào)替代或補充所需物品 supply sb with sth

=supply sth to sb

為某人提供某物

10. develop? v.? 發(fā)展;壯大

development? n.? 發(fā)展

developing? adj.? 發(fā)展中的

developed? adj.? 發(fā)達的

a developing country 一個發(fā)展中國家

a developed country 一個發(fā)達國家

重點短語

1. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾

Its your turn to take out the rubbish.

輪到你倒垃圾了。

take out the trash 倒垃圾

2. as soon as 一……就……;盡快

I want to see him as soon as he arrives.

他一抵達我就要見他。

3. in order to 目的是;為了

in order to 引導目的狀語從句，可放句首或句中。

肯定形式：in order to+動詞原形

否定形式：in order not to+動詞原形

In order to catch up with the others， the girl works even harder.

為了趕上其他同學，那個女孩學習更加努力了。

4. depend on 依靠;信賴

Just depend on me. Ill be able to lead you there.

相信我，我會把你帶到那兒的。

I dont want to depend on my parents too much.

我不想過度依靠父母。

5. take care of 照顧;處理

Please help me take care of my baby when I am out.

我出去時請幫我照顧下我的小孩。

活學活用

1. Please call me ____ ____ ____ you get home.

請你一到家就給我打電話。

2. His teeth hurt badly. The dentist ____ .

A. took out it B. took out them

C. took it out D. took them out

3. 用borrow和lend 填空。

Can I ____ your pen？

Can you ____ me your pen？

4. The boy ____ （throw） an apple to his friend just now.

5. 英譯漢。

take out the rubbish ______

fold the clothes ________

基本語法

情態(tài)動詞could委婉地表請求和征詢許可

其句型為：Could you please do sth？

—Peter， could you please take out the trash？

彼得，請你把垃圾倒掉好嗎？

—Sure， Mom.

可以，媽媽。

—Could you please do the dishes？

請把盤子洗了，好嗎？

—Sorry， I cant.

抱歉，我不能。

在表示請求幫助或請求允許的疑問句中，常用could代替can，以表示禮貌、委婉或不確定的語氣，而can則不具備這些語氣。這種情況下不能把could看作can的過去式。could是為了表示禮貌的請求?？隙ɑ卮饡r要用Yes， I can. 注意：不能用could。除此之外，肯定回答還可以用Sure. / Certainly. / Yes， sure. / Of course. / Thats OK. / No problem. / With pleasure.等;否定回答用Im sorry， I cant. / Im sorry， but I have to...， 還可以用Im afraid not.

—Could you please sweep the floor？

請把地掃了，好嗎？

—Yes， sure.

好的。

—Could you please water the flowers？

你能澆下花嗎？

—No problem.

沒問題。

Unit 3 跟蹤導練

第一課時（Section A 1a—2d）

根據(jù)漢語提示填寫單詞

1. The children are picking up the ____ （垃圾） in the river.

2. Children often help ____ （打掃） the rooms in the old

peoples home.

3. There are some dirty clothes on the ____ （地板） in his

bedroom.

4. Toms room is really in a ____ （不整潔）.

5. Mary， could you help ____ （折疊） the clothes？

閱讀理解

Mr Hand began his trip in France last Saturday. Three days later when he was traveling in the country by car， he saw a dog behind a thin man. As the car came near them， the dog suddenly （突然） started to cross the street and it was hit by the car and died. Mr Hand stopped his car and walked to the thin man. “I am very sorry to hit your dog ，” he said. “How much should I pay？ Will ten dollars be enough？”

“Oh， yes” said the thin man. Mr Hand put his hand into his pocket， but he only found five dollars in the pocket. “Sorry， sir， I have only five dollars，” said Mr Hand. “Thats all right. Five dollars is also OK，” the man answered. “Thanks a lot. It is very kind of you，” Mr Hand thanks the man and drove away.

After the car went away， the man looked down at the dog and said to himself， “Whose dog is it？”

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正（T）誤（F）。

（ ） 1. Mr Hand took a trip in France.

（ ） 2. The dog may be hit this Thursday.

（ ） 3. At first， Mr Hand wanted to pay ten dollars for the dog.

（ ） 4.Mr Hand gave the thin man five dollars at last because he thought it was enough.

（ ） 5. The thin man wasnt the dogs owner.

第二課時（Section A 3a—3c）

根據(jù)首字母填寫單詞

1. My brothers and my fathers s____ are white.

2. Be sure to t____ away old newspapers.

3. I never learned to swim and n____ did they.

4. What a m____ you made！ Youd better clean it up

before Mom gets home.

5. Lets t____ out the rubbish and put it in the trash bin.

補全對話（有兩項多余）

A： Hello， Ann. What are you doing now？

B： I am cleaning our classroom.

A： Oh， I know. Is there anything that I can help？

B： Let me see.? Its so heavy.

A：Certainly. Our classmates make a lot of rubbish every day.

B： Yes. But most of them throw the rubbish into the dustbin instead of the ground.

A： Its good manners （禮儀）.

B：Seldom. My parents seldom ask me to do housework.

A：But I think sometimes doing housework may help us relax. If we are free， we can do that.

B：Yes， I agree with you. I cant move the desk. Could you help me move it？

A：? Im coming.

B： Thank you.

A. Of course.

B. No， thanks.

C. Its my turn to do it today.

D. I need to throw the rubbish.

E. Could you help me take out the rubbish？

F. Do you often help your parents do housework？

G. They think the most important task for me is to study.

完形填空

An old man lived in a nice house with a large garden （花園）. He took care of his? all the time.

One day a young man went by the . He saw the beautiful flowers and thought he could be very? if he lived in such a beautiful place. Suddenly， he found the old gardener was blind. He was very? about this and asked， “You cant? these flowers. Why are you busy looking after them every day？”

The old man said， “I can tell you four . First， I was a gardener when I was young， and I really like this job. Second， though I cant see these flowers， I can? them. ， I can smell the sweetness of them. As for the last one， thats for .”

“Me？ But you dont know me，” said the young man.

“Yeah， its true that I dont know you. But I know that everybody? flowers. We enjoy the happiness these flowers have brought us.”

（ ） 1. A. flowers B. trees C. birds D. pets

（ ） 2. A. school B. garden C. zoo D. hospital

（ ） 3. A. sleepy B. tired C. bored D. happy

（ ） 4. A. upset B. excited C. worried D. surprised

（ ） 5. A. water B. sell C. see D. smell

（ ） 6. A. ideas B. problems C. reasons D. stories

（ ） 7. A. touch B. move C. hear D. describe

（ ） 8. A. Fourth B. Third C. Second D. First

（ ） 9. A. me B. you C. my mother D. my son

（ ） 10. A. plants B. buys C. sends D. loves

第三課時（Grammar Focus—4c）

單項選擇

（ ） 1. —Can I ____ your bike？

—With pleasure. But you mustnt ____ it to others.

A. lend; borrow B. borrow; lend

C. lend; lend D. borrow; borrow

（ ） 2. —Great changes have taken place ____ we entered E-Times.

—Yeah. I agree with you.

A. before B. when C. since D. as soon as

（ ） 3. —Im not going swimming tomorrow afternoon.

—____ . I have to clean up my bedroom.

A. So am I B. Neither am I

C. Neither I am D. So I am

（ ） 4. —Could you please pass me the book？

—____ .

A. Yes， I could B. No， I couldnt

C. Sure. Here you are D. No， thats no problem

（ ） 5. Liu Ying is good at singing. She sings ____ the

famous singer， Coco.

A. as well as B. as good as

C. as better as D. as the best as

按要求完成句子

1. How about going out for dinner with Bill？ （用could改寫

句子）

____ we ____ ____ for dinner with Bill？

2. —Could you please buy some food for lunch？ （補全否定答語）

—____ ， I ____ .

3. May I borrow your pen， please？ （改為同義句）

Could you ____ your pen ____ me， please？

4. 請問你能把垃圾帶出去嗎？（完成譯句）

____ you please ____ ____ the trash？

5. 他一到家就會幫忙做家務(wù)。（完成譯句）

Hell ____ ____ the housework ____ ____

____ he gets home.

閱讀理解

Research （研究） says that husbands do not do their fair share of work around the house. A study from an American university says that men dont often do the same share of housework. Researchers interviewed （采訪） 182 working couples （夫妻） who became first-time parents. Both husbands and wives worked almost the same number of hours in full-time jobs. However， men did five hours a week less housework than women after their baby was born.

It is a different story for mothers. Becoming a parent added about 21 hours a week to a mothers work. Most of this was looking after her baby. New fathers did not do more work because they did not realize （意識到） the mother was doing so much more. Another reason is that after a baby is born， fathers follow the “traditional” roles. That is， the mother looks after the baby and the father works outside. This happens even when the mother is working the same number of hours in her job.

（ ） 1. How many couples were interviewed in the research？

A. 182. B. 110.

C. 80. D. 21.

（ ） 2. Who do less housework around the house？

A. Wives. B. Husbands.

C. Parents. D. Babies.

（ ） 3. What does the underlined sentence “It is a different

story for mothers” probably mean？

A. Mothers come from different families.

B. Mothers like reading different stories.

C. Mothers work more hours than fathers.

D. Different mothers have different children.

（ ） 4. What is the “traditional” role of a father？

A. Working outside. B. Looking after the baby.

C. Doing housework. D. Doing part-time jobs.

（ ） 5. What can be the best title for the passage？

A. Traditional Roles of Parents

B. Women Work Harder than Men

C. Mothers Care More about Baby

D. Housework Sharing Between New Parents

第四課時（Section B 1a—2e）

用所給詞的適當形式填空

1. He ____ （develop） a farm from nothing last year.

2. Alan got up early in order ____ （get） there in time.

3. Either of the twins ____ （like） helping their mother do

chores.

4. Our teacher is a woman of ____ （fair）.

5. Miss Gao hates ____ （stay） out late.

根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子

1. He didnt give up his own dream. ____ ____

____ （結(jié)果）， he became a famous writer.

2. He ____ ____ （病倒） last night.

3. Could you ____ ____ ____ （照顧） my dog

while Im away？

4. Dont ______ ______ （依靠） others. You can do it well

by yourself.

5. There are some books in the box. Could you please

____ ____ ____ （拿出來）？

完形填空

Lisa is serious about the chores in her house. She gives her children things that they can do according to （根據(jù)） their . She started by asking John， the? of her two sons， to help with the dishes. It is now an easy chore? the 15-year-old. His 13-year-old brother， Dave， now? John too. They take turns doing the? each week. The boys also clean their study tables， make their beds and? food from the market on Sunday mornings. Besides these， the boys also? how to cook easy meals when their parents are not at home. The family of four live in a big house but they do all the housework themselves. Lisa says， “When I was young， my father wanted us to do? on our own and learn how to? ourselves. Now Im doing it to my kids.” John says， “Doing chores is . You can learn important life skills and responsibility （責任）.”

（ ） 1. A. study B. ages C. plans D. experience

（ ） 2. A. elder B. taller C. younger D. shorter

（ ） 3. A. with B. as C. for D. by

（ ） 4. A. teaches B. finds C. hates D. helps

（ ） 5. A. washes B. dishes C. cleaning D. fishing

（ ） 6. A. borrow B. cook C. buy D. sell

（ ） 7. A. know B. wonder C. tell D. watch

（ ） 8. A. exercise B. jobs C. chores D. homework

（ ） 9. A. work on B. live in C. look at D. take care of

（ ） 10. A. difficult B. good C. tiring D. boring

閱讀理解

Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories， pulling down fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged （破壞） that their owners had to leave them， and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed， several were badly hurt and taken to hospital， and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. A farmer， Mr Tan， said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children，” he said， “when we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him， safe but very frightened.”

Mrs Wu Meifang said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children.

“There was no time to take anything，” she said. “A few minutes later， the roof came down.” Soldiers （士兵） helped to take people out of the flooded （水淹的） area and the welfare department （福利機構(gòu)） brought them food， clothes and shelter.

（ ） 1. How many homes were damaged in the storm？

A. Fourteen. B. Twenty-two.

C. Twenty-nine. D. Thirty-six.

（ ） 2. Where was Mr Tan when the storm first began？

A. In the field. B. On the roof.

C. Inside the house. D. In the street.

（ ） 3. What did Mrs Wu and her children do when the

storm began？

A. They began to cry.

B. They took out their things.

C. They just went out for work.

D. They ran out of the house in time.

（ ） 4. The underlined word “shelter” in the last paragraph

means “____”.

A. something to eat B. something to wear

C. some place to stay in D. some place to study in

（ ） 5. What does the passage mainly talk about？

A. A terrible storm. B. A lucky woman.

C. Some clever people. D. Some good soldiers.

第五課時（Section B 3a—Self Check）

閱讀選擇填空

根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容，從下面五個選項中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項。

In some Western countries， many children do chores to get pocket money （零花錢）. They usually start to do this when they are ten years old. School students have to do homework and study for tests. They dont have much free time on weekdays.? Young kids only do easy chores.? But thats enough. Many of them only want to buy candy.? They often help do the dishes， sweep the floor， or feed the pet cat or dog. When they get older， they want to buy more and more things. They want things that are more expensive than candy. So they have to work harder！? Some jobs are a good way for kids to learn new things. For example， they can learn how to use a lawnmower （割草機） or how to cook.

A. And candy is cheap！

B. So they dont get much money.

C. They often do chores on weekends.

D. Of course， their parents help them at first.

E. They often help their parents wash the family car， cut

the grass， or cook meals.

選詞填空

閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空（每詞限用一次）。

provide bad fair dirty chore

you clean become need easy

Most of us dont like doing chores. And most of us think that1the bathroom or cooking dinner for the family makes us tired. However， the fact is that someone has to do it. Most of the time， our parents have to do the housework. Is it really2 ？

Doing housework is really not as3as it sounds. If we all do our part， it will be less annoying （惱人的）. Why should your mother wash your4clothes？ You are able to take care of it yourself. Doing some chores will show that you are5more and more independent.

Some of us may think that we are too busy to do6 . But most parents work all day and are then expected to keep a clean house！ Dividing （分配） chores among the whole family will make everyones job much7 .

Learning to do housework can8you with important skills for the future. The next time you see something that9to be done at home， do it10and show that you can do anything！

書面表達

假設(shè)你是張云，某英文報社正在就“孩子做家務(wù)”這一話題展開征文活動。請你根據(jù)自己的體會寫一篇短文，向該報社投稿。

提示：

1. What do you think of doing housework？

2. Why should teenagers help their parents with housework？

3. What is the good side for doing housework？

要求：

1.語句通順、符合邏輯，可適當發(fā)揮;

2.80詞左右，開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。

Dear Sir or Madam，

Yours，

Zhang Yun