重慶市農(nóng)地適度經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模測(cè)度及其實(shí)現(xiàn)路徑研究

謝文雄 趙偉

摘要 農(nóng)地適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)是現(xiàn)階段農(nóng)業(yè)政策的主要導(dǎo)向，也是實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的應(yīng)有之義。以重慶市為研究區(qū)，從土地產(chǎn)出效益最大化視角來擬合C-D生產(chǎn)函數(shù)，測(cè)度重慶市（渝東北、渝東南和渝西）的農(nóng)地適度經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模，比較渝東北、渝東南和渝西地區(qū)農(nóng)地適度經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模的地區(qū)差異，并基于重慶市農(nóng)地規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)現(xiàn)狀，探索其農(nóng)地適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)實(shí)現(xiàn)的適宜路徑，為重慶市制定差別化的農(nóng)地利用政策提供理論參考。由于資源稟賦、經(jīng)營(yíng)主體特征、經(jīng)營(yíng)模式、農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)等因素的差異影響，渝東北、渝東南和渝西的勞均適宜經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模分別為1.82、1.06和1.15? hm2，與勞均現(xiàn)狀經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模（0.154、0.159和0.147? hm2）相比存在較大差距，渝東北、渝東南和渝西的戶均適宜經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模分別為5.46、3.17、3.45? hm2，農(nóng)地適度經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模區(qū)域差異較大。根據(jù)重慶農(nóng)地規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)現(xiàn)狀特點(diǎn)，提出應(yīng)加快新型經(jīng)營(yíng)主體的培育及經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模的確定;完善農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)化服務(wù)體系及農(nóng)用基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè);完善相關(guān)政策法律，促進(jìn)農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)與農(nóng)地規(guī)模化經(jīng)營(yíng);加快探索與總結(jié)農(nóng)業(yè)適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)模式4個(gè)方面的路徑探索。

關(guān)鍵詞 適度經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模;路徑;C-D生產(chǎn)函數(shù);重慶市

中圖分類號(hào) S-9 ??文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A? 文章編號(hào) 0517-6611（2021）19-0206-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.19.054

開放科學(xué)（資源服務(wù)）標(biāo)識(shí)碼（OSID）：

Research on the Moderate Scale of Farmland Management in Chongqing and Its Realization Path

XIE Wen-xiong1， ZHAO Wei2

（1.Chongqing Bureau of Statistics， Chongqing 400067;2.Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River， Chongqing Business University， Chongqing 400067）

Abstract Appropriate scale management of agricultural land is the main direction of agricultural policy at this stage， and it is also necessary to realize high-quality development of agriculture. Taking Chongqing as the research area， this paper fits the C-D production function from the perspective of maximizing land output benefit， measures the appropriate scale of agricultural land management in Chongqing （northeast Chongqing， southeast Chongqing and west Chongqing）， compares the regional differences in the appropriate scale of agricultural land management in northeast Chongqing， southeast Chongqing and west Chongqing， and explores the appropriate path to realize the appropriate scale of agricultural land management based on the current situation of agricultural land management in Chongqing， providing theoretical reference for Chongqing to formulate differentiated policies on agricultural land utilization. Due to the differences in resource endowment， main characteristics of management， management mode， farmland circulation and other factors， the suitable operating scale of labor in northeast Chongqing， southeast Chongqing and west Chongqing is 1.82， 1.06 and 1.15 ha respectively， which is quite different from the current operating scale of labor （0.154， 0.159 and 0.147 ha）. The suitable operating scale of households in northeast Chongqing， southeast Chongqing and west Chongqing are 5.46， 3.17 and 3.45 ha respectively， with large regional differences in the appropriate operating scale of farmland. According to the current situation and characteristics of Chongqings agricultural land scale management， it is proposed to speed up the cultivation of new management subjects and the determination of the management scale， perfect the agricultural socialization service system and the construction of agricultural infrastructure， perfect relevant policies and laws， promote the circulation of agricultural land and the scale management of agricultural land， and speed up the exploration and summary of the appropriate scale management mode of agriculture.