基于科教融合構(gòu)建農(nóng)科高職課程實(shí)踐教學(xué)模式的路徑探索

黃振 趙秀琴

摘要 鄉(xiāng)村振興背景下，創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)模式需要農(nóng)科教融合，“產(chǎn)學(xué)研用”一體化是新農(nóng)科課程實(shí)踐教學(xué)改革的必由之路。因此，為解決當(dāng)前農(nóng)業(yè)職業(yè)教育課程實(shí)踐教學(xué)脫離或落后于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)一線技術(shù)等不良問題，以高職“花卉栽培”課程為例，滲透實(shí)踐教學(xué)項(xiàng)目科研化理念，構(gòu)建與實(shí)施了農(nóng)科教融合、產(chǎn)學(xué)研協(xié)同發(fā)展的高職花卉栽培課程實(shí)踐教學(xué)新模式。從而為新型農(nóng)科高職專業(yè)課程的實(shí)踐教學(xué)提供參考。

關(guān)鍵詞 農(nóng)科教融合;實(shí)踐教學(xué)模式;教學(xué)項(xiàng)目科研化;花卉栽培

中圖分類號(hào) G 712? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A? 文章編號(hào) 0517-6611（2021）19-0266-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.19.070

開放科學(xué)（資源服務(wù)）標(biāo)識(shí)碼（OSID）：

Path Exploration of Constructing Practical Teaching Mode of Agricultural Higher Vocational Courses Based on the Integration of Science and Technology and Teaching

HUANG Zhen1， ZHAO Xiu-qin2

（1.Zaozhuang Vocational College，Zaozhuang，Shandong 277800;2.Zaozhuang Forestry Development Service Center， Zaozhuang， Shandong 277800）

Abstract In the context of rural revitalization，the cultivation of innovative talents requires the integration of agricultural science and technology and teaching，and the integration of production，teaching，research and application is the only way to reform the practice teaching of new agricultural courses. Therefore，in order to solve the undesirable problems of current agricultural vocational education courses practice teaching being out of line or lagging behind the first-line technology of agricultural production，taking the flower cultivation course in higher vocational education as an example，infiltrate the concept of integrating scientific research content into practical teaching projects， construct and implement a new practical teaching mode of flower cultivation courses that integrates agricultural science and technology and teaching，and collaborative development of industry，teaching，and scientific research. So as to provide a reference for the practical teaching of new agricultural higher vocational professional courses.

Key words Integration of agricultural science and technology and teaching;Practical teaching mode;Research-oriented teaching projects;Flower cultivation course

基金項(xiàng)目 山東省職業(yè)教育教學(xué)改革研究項(xiàng)目（2019683）。

作者簡(jiǎn)介 黃振（1971—），男，山東棗莊人，教授，碩士，從事高職園林植物與觀賞園藝專業(yè)教學(xué)與研究。

收稿日期 2021-05-10

全面推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村振興，是黨的十九屆五中全會(huì)作出的重大決策部署。2019年，《國家職業(yè)教育改革實(shí)施方案》明確提出，要面向鄉(xiāng)村振興，培養(yǎng)高質(zhì)量的農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)用技術(shù)技能人才[1]。因此，農(nóng)業(yè)職業(yè)教育責(zé)任重大。而在農(nóng)業(yè)職業(yè)教育專業(yè)課程實(shí)踐教學(xué)中卻存在重理論、輕實(shí)踐或?qū)嵺`教學(xué)落后于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)一線技術(shù)等突出問題;亟待研究構(gòu)建與探索基于農(nóng)科教融合、產(chǎn)學(xué)研協(xié)同發(fā)展的項(xiàng)目化實(shí)踐教學(xué)新模式，以期為農(nóng)業(yè)職業(yè)教育專業(yè)課程的生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐教學(xué)提供指導(dǎo)和借鑒。

1 新農(nóng)科高職課程實(shí)踐教學(xué)模式改革的必要性

新時(shí)代全面推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村振興，促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化，必須大力發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)職業(yè)教育，培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)高技能的農(nóng)業(yè)人才。首先，鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)振興的關(guān)鍵在于農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新。落實(shí)“藏糧于技”，必須推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù)攻關(guān)，加快農(nóng)業(yè)科技成果推廣應(yīng)用，“給農(nóng)業(yè)插上科技的翅膀”，助推鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)振興[2];農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新的關(guān)鍵在于人才振興，人才資源已成為當(dāng)今推動(dòng)鄉(xiāng)村振興的重要力量之源。因此，全面推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村振興，首先需要實(shí)施教育強(qiáng)國戰(zhàn)略，大力發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)職業(yè)教育，培養(yǎng)造就一支懂農(nóng)業(yè)、愛農(nóng)村、愛農(nóng)民的“三農(nóng)”工作隊(duì)伍和新型職業(yè)農(nóng)民[3-4]。