張琪

同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，顧名思義，就是將所給的句子換個(gè)說法，使其意思保持不變。它是句型轉(zhuǎn)換的一種表現(xiàn)形式，也是中考英語考查的熱點(diǎn)之一。那么如何進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換呢？對(duì)此，筆者歸納了幾種轉(zhuǎn)換方法，以期同學(xué)們能夠從中有所收獲。

方法一：利用同（近）義詞進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換

在進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)，同學(xué)們可以把句子中的某個(gè)詞用詞性相同的同義詞、近義詞進(jìn)行替換，以使其結(jié)構(gòu)保持不變。這就要求同學(xué)們?cè)谌粘W(xué)習(xí)中要注意加強(qiáng)同義詞的積累。常見的英語同義詞有：reach（到達(dá)）=get to=arrive in/at， happen（發(fā)生）=take place， join（參加）=take part in， like（喜歡）=love=enjoy=be fond of， finally（最后）=at last=in the end， look after（照顧）=take care of，movie（電影）=film，advice（建議）=suggestion，have fun（玩得開心）= have a good/great time=enjoy oneself， fast（快，迅速）=quick， beautiful（漂亮的）=pretty=goodlooking，begoodat（擅長(zhǎng)）=dowellin等。例如：

1.每年我們都可以去那兒待一段時(shí)間享受享受。

We can stay there for a long time and have fun every year.

=We can stay there for a long time and have a good time every year.

=We can stay there for a long time and enjoy ourselves every year.

2.別擔(dān)心，明天我媽媽會(huì)來照看孩子。

Don’t worry，my mother will look after the kids tomorrow.

= Don’t worry，my mother will take care of the kids tomorrow.

3.他們?nèi)烨熬偷竭_(dá)了北京。

They reached Beijing three days ago.

=They got to Beijing three days ago.

= They arrived to Beijing three days ago

方法二：利用反義詞的否定式進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換

在英語中，許多詞匯的否定式往往與其對(duì)應(yīng)的反義詞或詞組同義。所以，同學(xué)們?cè)谶M(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)，不妨考慮反義詞的否定式。如：fall behind（落后，跟不上）=not catch up with；be different from（不同于）= be not the same as；weak（瘦弱）=not strong；be weak in（不擅長(zhǎng)）= be not good at；lose interest in （對(duì)……失去興趣）= be not interested in等。例如：

1.很多女孩子不擅長(zhǎng)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。

Many girls are weak in sports.

= Many girls are not good at sports.

2.駕船和開車不同。

Driving a boat is different from driving a car.

=Driving a boat is not the same as driving a car.

3.小女孩落在了她哥哥后面。

The little girl fell behind her brothers.

=The little girl couldn’t catch up with her brothers.

當(dāng)然，有些詞不用反義詞的否定式，直接利用反義詞也可以進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，此時(shí)特別要留意上下句子之間主語的互換。例如：

1. Tom stands behind Jack.

湯姆站在杰克后面。

=Jack stands in front of Tom.

杰克站在湯姆前面。

2. I borrowed a book from her.

我向她借了一本書。

=She lent a book to me.

她借給我一本書。

3. English is more popular than French.

英語比法語更流行。

= French is less popular than English.

法語不及英語流行。

方法三：利用詞性變化進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換

在進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)，除了使用同義詞、近義詞以及反義詞外，同學(xué)們還可以利用詞性的變化進(jìn)行句式轉(zhuǎn)換。例如：

1.謝謝你幫了我很多忙。

Thank you for helping me a lot.

= Thank you for giving me a lot of help.

2.他們上個(gè)星期天參觀了博物館。

They visited the museum last Sunday.

=They were on a visit to the museum last Sunday.

3.昨晚雨下得很大。

The rain was heavy last night.

=It rained heavily last night.

4.酒后駕車很危險(xiǎn)。

Drunk driving is very dangerous.

= Drunk driving is in a great danger.

5.這對(duì)雙胞胎長(zhǎng)得很像，但性格不同。

The twins look alike， but their characters are different.

= The twins look alike， but they have differences in the characters.

總之，同義句轉(zhuǎn)換方法靈活，同學(xué)們既要注意方法和技巧的掌握，又要注意基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的夯實(shí)，加強(qiáng)詞匯的積累。只有多管齊下，融會(huì)貫通，才能提升英語運(yùn)用能力。