馬 琪
1.It was known as Trailwalker before.(P94)以前,它是以毅行者而為人們所熟知。
be known as=be famous as,意為“因……而出名”、“被認(rèn)為是……”,后常接的是職業(yè)名詞,如作家、詩人等。例如:
Sun Yanzi is famous as a singer.孫燕姿作為一名歌手而為人們所熟知。
Lu Xun is known as a great writer.魯迅被認(rèn)為是一位偉大的作家。
[相關(guān)鏈接]be known as表示“因……而出名”,后面接人或事的特長或者特點(diǎn)時,相當(dāng)于befamousfor。例如:
Hangzhou is famous for its silk.杭州以絲綢聞名。
2.The trailwalkers have to walk through eight country parks and overtwenty hills and mountains.(P94)這些毅行者不得不步行穿過八個國家公園和二十多座大小山。
across,over和through都可用作介詞,有“穿過”之意,但是它們的用法有所區(qū)別。
across多指從一定范圍內(nèi)的一邊到另一邊,且在物體的表面上或沿著某一條線的方向而進(jìn)行的動作,其含義常與介詞on有關(guān)。例如:
The old man walked across the street carefully.那位老人小心地走過街道。
throush表示從一端到另一端的動作,但它表示的動作是在空間里進(jìn)行,其含義常與介詞in有關(guān)。例如:
The road goes through the forest.這條路穿過森林。
over意為“從……上面越過”、“翻越”,表示像“翻山越嶺”那樣沿著曲線從一邊到另一邊。例如:
If we cant go over the mountain,we have to goround it.如果我們不能翻越這座山,我們只得繞行。
3.You cannot carry everything with you,so it useful to have supportteams to bring you food and drinks.(P95)你不能把所有的東西都隨身背著,所以有個補(bǔ)給隊(duì)伍幫你帶來食物和飲料是很有用的。
英語中,not與every,each,both,always,much,many,everybody,everything,anyone,anything,anywhere,everywhere等詞連用時,表示部分否定,譯成漢語時可譯為“……不全是……”、“不都是……”、“并非全都是……”、“不總是……”等,而不是按照字面理解為“所有……都不是”。例如:
All the answers are not right.并不是所有的答案都正確。
=Not all the answers are fight.
[相關(guān)鏈接]表示完全否定用neither(兩者都不),none(三者或三者以上的否定)。例如:
None of us wants to buy a new car.我們中沒有一個人想買新車。
4.It is wrong that some people look down on blind people.(P99)一些人看不起盲人,這是不對的。
look down on意為“看不起、鄙視”,與look up to反義,on也可換成upon。例如:
You mustn't look down on the work.你不該看不起這項(xiàng)工作。
Chinese people look up to Deng Xiaoping.中國人民敬仰鄧小平。
[相關(guān)鏈接]請仔細(xì)體會以下有關(guān)look的短語:
The girl looks like her mother.
He looks at a question from all sides.
His father is ill. He has to look after him at home.
I looked for you just now, but I didn't find you.
They looked forward to seeing him again.
Don' t look out of the window in class.
I hear there is a small panda in the zoo. Shall we go and have a look?
5. I hope you will find the information useful. (PlO3)我希望你將發(fā)現(xiàn)這些信息是有用的。
“find+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”是動詞find的常見引導(dǎo)句型,其中賓語補(bǔ)足語可以是形容詞、名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞或動詞不定式等。例如:
I find him a clever boy.我發(fā)現(xiàn)他是個聰明的男孩。
We found the film(to be)very wonderful.我們覺得這部電影很精彩。
[相關(guān)鏈接]find有時也可接帶形式賓語it的不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),即“find+it+形容詞十動詞不定式”。例如:
I find it useful to learn English well.我發(fā)覺學(xué)好英語是很有用的。
6.Bring an umbrella if necessary.(P103)如果有必要的話,帶上雨傘。
在狀語從句中,從句的主語是“時,口語中常把it be省略,從而留下“連詞+表語”,因此ifnecessary的完整形式為if it is necessary。類似的還有if possible(如果可能的話)等。例如:
If possible,please come before five oclock.如果可能的話,請?jiān)谖妩c(diǎn)以前來。
The discussion can,if necessary,be continuedtomorrow.如有必要,這個討論明天可以繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。
責(zé)任編輯/張彩萍mirenr@sina.com