申小蘭

課文學(xué)習(xí)是一個(gè)綜合過程，不是簡單的多讀就可以的。讀課文的過程是一個(gè)由淺入深的過程，具體說來就是在句子中學(xué)單詞和短語，進(jìn)而學(xué)習(xí)句子的表達(dá)以及句子與句子的關(guān)系，學(xué)習(xí)段落與段落間的關(guān)系。

一、句中學(xué)詞語

例如：課文54課句子“She decided to buy a digital TV online so that it could be sent to her.”劃線的單詞和短語是需要認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)的，首先弄明白這些單詞和短語的意思，decide 是決心、決定；digital 是數(shù)字的；online 是在線，在網(wǎng)上；so that 是以便于。再弄清它們的用法，decide to do 決定去做；digital TV 是數(shù)字電視的意思，這是根據(jù) digital camera 而得知的； online 從構(gòu)詞法的角度可以輕松理解； so that 要和 so…that…區(qū)別開來。最后自己來造句：I decided to tell her what had happened that night. I have an ordinary TV, but she has a digital one. I am online, you can chat(聊天) with me. I study English every day so that I can catch up with Li Yang. 當(dāng)然也可以造和原句差不多的幾個(gè)句子，把四個(gè)詞都用上：If you decide to order a digital TV online, you must have a credit card first. You must type in your credit card number so that they can send it to you. 由以上舉例說明，大家在學(xué)習(xí)課文時(shí)，每一句都應(yīng)這樣學(xué)，只有這樣才能真正做到舉一反三、融會貫通。

二、弄清句子間的關(guān)系

例如：54課的“Miyoko clicked on the screen, and a form appeared for her to fill in her personal information. Her dad helped her fill in the form and typed in his credit card number.”這兩個(gè)句子聯(lián)系較為密切，從動作上可以看出來，先是click; 接著appear, 繼而fill in ,時(shí)間先后非常明顯，看到這一點(diǎn)，兩個(gè)句子就不難理解了。在理解的基礎(chǔ)上再去掌握就變得輕松了。一個(gè)句子能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思很容易理解，可同學(xué)們大家想過沒有，一組句子要表達(dá)一個(gè)復(fù)雜的意思，處理不好句子與句子之間的關(guān)系是萬萬不行的。而句子與句子間無非這幾種關(guān)系：并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、遞進(jìn)等。比如：He was a famous vet. He was born in England in 1915. He grew up with his dog named Dan. 這三個(gè)句子就是并列的關(guān)系，都在介紹“he”。

三、弄清段落間關(guān)系

例如：50 課第三段，The world?蒺s population is growing faster and faster. …That means that in about 600 years, there will be standing room only on the earth.

本段第二句是總的說明，下面好幾個(gè)句子都是在用列數(shù)字的方法、比較的方法進(jìn)行說明。這是總分的關(guān)系。在明白這個(gè)關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)上去理解課文，就知道列舉數(shù)字進(jìn)行比較的意圖是說明世界人口增長越來越快，而不是為了說明當(dāng)前人口比過去人口多。段落間的關(guān)系主要是讓大家注意表達(dá)的連貫性，以便在自己進(jìn)行表達(dá)時(shí)能做好前后段落間的承接。

四、提出問題了解大意

當(dāng)你分析著讀過了三遍，你一定會對文意有了較為清晰的了解，此時(shí)你可以把課本合上，給自己提幾個(gè)問題。比如“What?蒺s the text（課文） about?”“Why the increasing population may be the greatest challenge of the world today?”“What can be done to slow down the population increase in India?”“What can we learn from James Herriot?”提問題的過程也是思考的過程，這一學(xué)習(xí)過程是不能被取代的！接下來，試著把文章大意用自己的話表達(dá)一下，三句、五句都行，但必須完整。這一步要做好離不開上一步，因?yàn)槲恼麓笠饩褪敲慷沃饕馑嫉母爬ā１热?8課，你可以這樣概括：James Herriot was a famous vet. He grew up with his pet dog Dan. He liked dogs very much so he decided to be a vet for dogs. Soon after he became a college student, he found to be a doctor only for dogs during that time was impossible. Vets mostly helped heal pigs, horses and cows. Even though some vets laughed at him, he helped heal sick pet dogs. The owners of the pets all thanked him. He worked as a country vet for many years, and he wrote his experience into several books. Because he liked dogs best. He wrote a book named James Herriot?蒺s Dog Stories.