譚鳳仙
【摘要】 目的 探討乳腺癌術(shù)后護理干預對患肢功能鍛煉康復的影響。方法 71例行乳腺癌手術(shù)患者, 將其隨機分為對照組(35例)和觀察組(36例)。對照組患者予以常規(guī)護理, 觀察組患者在此基礎(chǔ)上進行術(shù)后護理干預, 觀察兩組患者的護理效果。結(jié)果 觀察組肩關(guān)節(jié)前屈、后伸、內(nèi)收、外展、內(nèi)旋、外旋活動度明顯優(yōu)于對照組, 差異具有統(tǒng)計學意義(t=11.56、9.84、5.78、7.75、5.68、7.15, P<0.05);觀察組生理功能、身體疼痛、總體健康、活力、情感職能、心理健康等生活質(zhì)量評分均明顯優(yōu)于對照組, 差異具有統(tǒng)計學意義(t=5.32、11.69、7.02、7.35、9.06、6.10, P<0.05)。結(jié)論 乳腺癌術(shù)后護理干預能夠有效促進患肢功能鍛煉康復, 提高生活質(zhì)量, 值得推廣。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 乳腺癌;護理干預;患肢;功能鍛煉;康復
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2017.06.079
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate influence by postoperative nursing intervention after breast cancer operation on functional training rehabilitation in affected extremity. Methods A total of 71 patients in breast cancer operation were randomly divided into control group (35 cases) and observation group (36 cases). The control group received conventional nursing, and the observation group received additional postoperative nursing intervention on nursing in the control group. Nursing effects were observed in the two groups. Results The observation group had obviously higher shoulder range of motion in antexion, posterior extension, adduction, abduction, internal rotation and external rotation than the control group, and their difference had statistical significance (t=11.56, 9.84, 5.78, 7.75, 5.68, 7.15, P<0.05). The observation group had all much better quality of life scores in physiological function, body pain, general health, vitality, affection function, and mental health than the control group (t=5.32, 11.69, 7.02, 7.35, 9.06, 6.10, P<0.05). Conclusion Postoperative nursing intervention after breast cancer operation can effectively enhance functional training rehabilitation in affected extremity and improve quality of life. This method is worth promoting.
【Key words】 Breast cancer; Nursing intervention; Affected extremity; Functional training; Rehabilitation
乳腺癌是臨床常見女性惡性腫瘤疾病, 發(fā)病率高, 據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計其發(fā)病率占全身各種惡性腫瘤的7%~10%, 隨著人們生活方式的轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)病率不斷增長, 且呈現(xiàn)年輕化趨勢, 成為危害女性健康的重要疾病[1-5]。手術(shù)是乳腺癌治療的常用方法, 但是由于手術(shù)創(chuàng)面較大、手術(shù)清掃腋窩淋巴結(jié)會導致患者出現(xiàn)患肢功能障礙, 嚴重影響生活質(zhì)量。研究表明, 術(shù)后6個月是患肢功能鍛煉的重要時期, 在此期間指導患者科學規(guī)律進行鍛煉, 有助于防止關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)粘連以及擴大上肢活動范圍, 促進上肢功能快速恢復[6-10]。據(jù)此本研究以71例行乳腺癌手術(shù)患者為例, 采用對比分析法主要探討術(shù)后護理干預對患肢功能鍛煉康復的影響, 現(xiàn)將結(jié)果報告如下。
1 資料與方法
1. 1 一般資料 本次選取的71例研究對象均為本院2014年1月~2015年10月收治的行乳腺癌手術(shù)患者, 將其隨機分為對照組(35例)和觀察組(36例)。對照組年齡22~75歲, 平均年齡(53.2±14.1)歲;病程2~22個月, 平均病程(12.3±5.4)個月。
觀察組年齡21~75歲, 平均年齡(53.7±14.5)歲;病程1~22個月,
平均病程(12.6±5.8)個月。所有患者均簽署知情同意書, 經(jīng)檢查均符合乳腺癌的診斷標準, 排除神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)障礙、血液系統(tǒng)疾病、神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)障礙、護理依從性差等患者。兩組患者年齡、病程等一般資料比較, 差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P>0.05), 具有可比性。
1. 2 方法 對照組患者予以常規(guī)護理, 按照醫(yī)囑機械性執(zhí)行護理措施, 措施包括常規(guī)病情檢測、常規(guī)巡房、常規(guī)健康指導、并發(fā)癥預防處理等。觀察組患者在常規(guī)護理的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合患者的病情特點予以術(shù)后護理干預, 主要措施如下。